Kumayambiriro kwa chaka chino, Vietnam "sichingadikire" kuti yalengeze momwe chuma chikuyendera chaka chatha. Kukula kwa 7.02% kwa GDP, 11.29% kukula kwakukula ... Mukangoyang'ana zidziwitso, mutha kumva mphamvu zamphamvu zadziko lotukuka ku Southeast Asia.
Zomera zopangira zochulukirapo, zochulukirapo zazikuluzikulu, komanso njira zakukweza ndalama zaboma la Vietnamese, pang'onopang'ono zapangitsa Vietnam kukhala "fakitale yapadziko lonse" komanso makina opangira pulasitiki ndi maunyolo ena ogulitsa. Maziko atsopano.
Kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama mwachangu komanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kumayendetsa kukula kwamanambala awiri m'makampani apulasitiki
Malinga ndi zomwe zidatulutsidwa koyambirira ndi Vietnam General Administration of Statistics, kukula kwa GDP ku Vietnam mu 2019 kudafika 7.02%, kupitirira 7% chaka chachiwiri chotsatira. Mwa iwo, kukula kwa kukonza ndi kupanga kudatsogolera mafakitale akulu, ndikuwonjezeka kwa 11.29% pachaka. Akuluakulu aku Vietnam anena kuti kukula kwa mafakitale opanga ndi kupanga kudzafika ku 12% mu 2020.
Pankhani yogulitsa kunja ndi kutumiza kunja, zonse zomwe Vietnam idatumiza komanso kutumiza kunja kwa chaka zidapitilira $ 500 biliyoni yaku US koyamba, kufika ku US $ 517 biliyoni, zomwe zogulitsa kunja zidafika US $ 263.45 biliyoni, kukwaniritsa zotsala za US $ 9.94 biliyoni. Cholinga cha Vietnam cha 2020 ndikufikira madola 300 biliyoni aku US pamayiko onse.
Zofunikira zakunyumba nazonso ndizolimba kwambiri, kugulitsa kwathunthu kwa zinthu zogulitsa kukuwonjezeka ndi 11.8%, kuchuluka kwakukulu pakati pa 2016 ndi 2019. Pofuna kukopa ndalama zakunja, Vietnam idakopa 38 biliyoni yaku US ndalama zakunja chaka chonse, mulingo wapamwamba kwambiri m'zaka 10. Kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zakunja kunali madola 20.38 biliyoni aku US, mbiri.
Magawo onse amoyo amatulutsa malo abwino, kuphatikiza zabwino zantchito yakomweko, malo ndi misonkho, maubwino aku doko, komanso mfundo zotsegulira Vietnam (Vietnam ndi mayiko ena ndi zigawo zasainira mapangano opitilira 12 aulere ). Izi zalimbikitsa Vietnam Kukhala chidutswa cha "mbatata" mumsika waku Southeast Asia.
Amalonda ambiri akunja adzayang'ana ku Vietnam, yomwe ndi malo oyendetsera ndalama. Zimphona zamayiko osiyanasiyana monga Nike, Adidas, Foxconn, Samsung, Canon, LG, ndi Sony alowa mdziko muno.
Msika wogulitsa ndi wogulitsa wathandizira kupititsa patsogolo mwamphamvu mafakitale osiyanasiyana opanga. Mwa iwo, magwiridwe antchito amakampani opanga ndi pulasitiki ndiotchuka kwambiri. M'zaka 10 zapitazi, kuchuluka kwakukula kwapachaka kwa mafakitale aku Vietnamese kwatsala pafupifupi 10-15%.
Kukula kwakukulu kofunikira kwa zopangira ndi zida zaukadaulo
Makampani opanga zinthu ku Vietnam akupangitsa kuti anthu azifuna kwambiri zinthu zopangira pulasitiki, koma zofunafuna ku Vietnam ndizochepa, chifukwa zimadalira kugula zinthu kunja. Malinga ndi Vietnam Plastics Association (Vietnam Plastics Association), makampani opanga mapulasitiki mdziko muno amafunikira avareji ya 2 mpaka 2.5 miliyoni ya zopangira pachaka, koma 75% mpaka 80% ya zopangira zimadalira zogulitsa kunja.
Kumbali ya zida zaukadaulo, popeza makampani ambiri apulasitiki ku Vietnam ndi mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono komanso apakatikati, amadaliranso makamaka zogulitsa kunja malinga ndi ukadaulo ndi zida. Chifukwa chake, pamakhala kufunikira kwakukulu pamsika pazida zamagetsi.
Makampani ambiri amakina ndi zida zamagetsi, monga makina opanga makina apulasitiki aku China monga Haiti, Yizumi, Bochuang, Jinwei, ndi zina zambiri, adakhazikitsa malo opangira, malo osungiramo zinthu, mabungwe ena, komanso malo ogulitsa pambuyo pake m'deralo, akugwiritsa ntchito mwayi wa mtengo wotsika. Kumbali inayi, imatha kukwaniritsa zosowa zamsika wapafupi.
Makampani opanga pulasitiki amabala mwayi waukulu wamabizinesi
Vietnam ili ndi maubwino ambiri m'makampani opanga ma pulasitiki, monga kutenga nawo mbali kwamakina akunja, zida ndiopangira zinthu. Nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa chakuchulukirachulukira kwa kapulasitiki wapa capita ku Vietnam, msika wanyumba wapulasitiki wapakhomo ukufunikanso kwambiri.
Pakadali pano, makampani ochokera ku Thailand, South Korea ndi Japan amawerengera 90% ya msika wamapulasitiki waku Vietnam. Ali ndi ukadaulo wapamwamba, mtengo komanso zopindulitsa pamsika wogulitsa kunja. Pachifukwa ichi, makampani aku China omwe akuyika ma CD akuyenera kumvetsetsa bwino mwayi wamsika, kukonza ukadaulo ndi mtundu wabwino, ndikuyesetsa kuti atenge nawo gawo pamsika wama Vietnamese.
Potengera kutulutsa kwa katundu, United States ndi Japan zimawerengera 60% ndi 15% yamapulasitiki aku Vietnam omwe amatumiza kunja motsatana. Chifukwa chake, kulowa mumsika wazogulitsa ku Vietnam kumatanthauza kukhala ndi mwayi wolowa m'malo opakira zinthu monga United States ndi Japan.
Kuphatikiza apo, makampani aku Vietnamese sanakhwime mokwanira muukadaulo wazokwaniritsa kuti akwaniritse zofunikira zomwe ogula akuwonjezeka, chifukwa chake pamakhala msika wofunikira wothandizirana ndiukadaulo walongedza. Mwachitsanzo, ogula amakonda kusankha zosankha zapamwamba kwambiri kuti azisunga chakudya, koma ndi makampani ochepa okha omwe amatha kupanga izi.
Tengani ma CD a mkaka monga chitsanzo. Pakadali pano, imaperekedwa ndi makampani akunja. Kuphatikiza apo, Vietnam imadaliranso makamaka ndi makampani akunja popanga matumba osavomerezeka a PE kapena matumba a zipper. Izi zonse ndizopambana kwamakampani aku China kuti azidula mumsika wapulasitiki waku Vietnam.
Nthawi yomweyo, EU ndi Japan zofunika kuitanitsa pulasitiki zikadali zochuluka, ndipo makasitomala akusankha kwambiri zinthu zapulasitiki kuchokera ku Vietnam. Mu Juni 2019, Vietnam ndi EU adasaina mgwirizano wamgwirizano wamayiko awiri (EVFTA), ndikupereka njira yochepetsera misonkho 99% pakati pa EU ndi mayiko akumwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia, zomwe zingapangitse mipata yolimbikitsira kutumiza kwa pulasitiki kumisika yaku Europe.
Ndiyeneranso kutchula kuti pansi pa funde lazachuma chozungulira, ukadaulo wamtsogolo wobiriwira, makamaka kupulumutsa mphamvu ndi umisiri wochepetsera umuna, ukhala wotchuka. Makampani opaka pulasitiki, uwu ndi mwayi waukulu.
Kusamalira zinyalala kumakhala msika wachitukuko
Vietnam imapanga zinyalala zolimba pafupifupi matani 13 miliyoni chaka chilichonse, ndipo ndi amodzi mwa mayiko asanu omwe amapanga zinyalala zolimba kwambiri. Malinga ndi Vietnam Environmental Administration, kuchuluka kwa zinyalala zamatauni zomwe zimapangidwa mdzikolo zikuwonjezeka ndi 10-16% chaka chilichonse.
Pomwe Vietnam ikufulumizitsa ntchito yotukuka komanso kutukuka kwamatauni, kuphatikizira kumanga kosayenera ndikuwongolera malo otayira anthu aku Vietnamese, kupanga zinyalala zolimba zowopsa kukupitilizabe kukula. Pakadali pano, pafupifupi 85% ya zinyalala zaku Vietnam zimayikidwa m'manda mosayenerera popanda mankhwala, 80% yake ndi yopanda ukhondo ndipo imawononga chilengedwe. Chifukwa chake, Vietnam ikufunikira mwachangu kasamalidwe kazinyalala. Ku Vietnam, ndalama zogulitsa zinyalala zikuchulukirachulukira.
Chifukwa chake, mwayi wamsika wamsika wamsika waku Vietnam uli ndi mwayi uti wamabizinesi?
Choyamba, pakufunika ukadaulo wobwezeretsanso. Makampani ambiri obwezeretsanso zinthu ku Vietnam ndi mabizinesi apabanja kapena mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono omwe ali ndiukadaulo wosakhwima. Pakadali pano, makampani ambiri aboma amagwiritsanso ntchito ukadaulo wakunja, ndipo ndi makampani ochepa okha ochokera kumayiko osiyanasiyana omwe ali ndi mabungwe ku Vietnam omwe ali ndi ukadaulo wawo. Ogulitsa ukadaulo ambiri akuchokera ku Singapore, China, United States ndi mayiko aku Europe.
Nthawi yomweyo, kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wobwezeretsanso ku Vietnam ndikotsika, makamaka kuyang'ana pazinthu zamagetsi. Pali malo ambiri ofufuzira pamsika wokonzanso ndi kukonzanso wa mitundu ina yazinthu.
Kuphatikiza apo, ndikuwonjezeka kwachuma komanso kuletsa kwa China ku China, Vietnam yakhala imodzi mwazinthu zinayi zazikulu kwambiri zotumiza zinyalala zapulasitiki ku United States. Kuchuluka kwa zinyalala zapulasitiki kumafunika kukonzedwa, komwe kumafunikira njira zosiyanasiyana zoyendetsera bwino.
Ponena za kasamalidwe ka pulasitiki ya zinyalala, kukonzanso zinthu kumaonedwa ngati chinthu chofunikira mwachangu pakuwongolera zinyalala ku Vietnam komanso njira yabwino yochepetsera zinyalala zolowa m'malo otayira zinyalala.
Boma la Vietnam lilandiranso mabizinesi osiyanasiyana owongolera zinyalala ndikuchita nawo nawo mwachangu. Boma likuyesa njira zosiyanasiyana zogwiritsa ntchito zinyalala zolimba, monga kulimbikitsa kafukufuku ndi kupanga matekinoloje opanga mphamvu zamagetsi kuti agwiritse ntchito zinyalala zonse ndikusintha kukhala zinthu zothandiza, zomwe zimalimbikitsanso kuyang'anira kusamalira zinyalala ndikupanga mwayi wamabizinesi azachuma zakunja.
Boma la Vietnam limalimbikitsanso kwambiri njira zoyendetsera zinyalala. Mwachitsanzo, kukhazikitsidwa kwa National Waste Management Strategy kumapereka chidziwitso chokhazikitsira chuma chozungulira. Cholinga ndikuti zitheke kusonkhanitsa zinyalala pofika chaka cha 2025. Izi zibweretsa kuwongolera kwa kayendetsedwe kake ndikuwongolera. mapangidwe a.
Ndiyeneranso kutchula kuti mitundu yayikulu yapadziko lonse lapansi ilumikizananso kulimbikitsa chitukuko cha zachuma ku Vietnam. Mwachitsanzo, mu Juni 2019, makampani asanu ndi anayi odziwika bwino ogulitsa ndi kugulitsa katundu adapanga bungwe lokonzanso zinthu (PRO Vietnam) ku Vietnam, pofuna kulimbikitsa chuma chozungulira ndikuwongolera kukhalanso kosavuta kwa phukusi lobwezeretsanso.
Mamembala asanu ndi anayi oyambitsa mgwirizanowu ndi Coca-Cola, FrieslandCampina, La Vie, Nestle, NutiFood, Suntory Pepsi, Tetra Pak, TH Gulu ndi URC. PRO Vietnam ndi nthawi yoyamba kuti makampani anzawowa agwirizane ku Vietnam ndipo akugwira ntchito limodzi kukonza zachilengedwe ku Vietnam.
Bungweli limalimbikitsa kukonzanso zinthu kudzera pazinthu zinayi zikuluzikulu, monga kupititsa patsogolo chidziwitso cha kukonzanso zinthu, kupititsa patsogolo malo osungira zinyalala, kuthandizira kukonzanso mapulojekiti a mapurosesa ndi zobwezeretsanso zinthu, komanso kugwirira ntchito limodzi ndi boma kulimbikitsa ntchito zobwezeretsanso, ndikupanga phukusi la ogula pambuyo pake likubwezeretsanso mwayi wamabizinesi kwa anthu ndi makampani, ndi zina zambiri.
Mamembala a PRO Vietnam akuyembekeza kusonkhanitsa, kukonzanso, ndi kukonzanso zinthu zonse zomwe mamembala awo amaika pamsika pofika 2030.
Zonsezi zadzetsa mphamvu pamakampani oyang'anira pulasitiki, adalimbikitsa kukhazikika, magwiridwe antchito ndi kusasunthika kwa bizinesiyo, motero kubweretsa mwayi wachitukuko m'mabizinesi.
Zina mwazomwe zalembedwa m'nkhaniyi zalembedwa kuchokera ku Hong Kong Chamber of Commerce ku Vietnam.
