Irhasi incediswa ngenaliti ekubumbeni Le teknoloji inaliti yokuqhubela phambili kukufaka initrogen ephezulu yoxinzelelo ngqo kwiplastikhi eyenziwe ngeplastikhi kumngxunya womngundo ngokusebenzisa isilawuli esincediswa yigesi (inkqubo yolawulo yoxinzelelo), ukuze ngaphakathi kwinxalenye yeplastiki yande kwaye ibe nomngxunya , kodwa umphezulu wemveliso usagcinwa. Ubume buhambile.
A. Izinto eziluncedo zerhasi encediswa yiteknoloji yokubumba:
1. Gcina izinto zeplastiki, izinto zokonga zinokufikelela kuma-50%.
2. Nciphisa ixesha lokuveliswa kwemveliso.
3. Nciphisa uxinzelelo nokubotshwa komatshini wenaliti yokubumba ukuya kuthi ga kwi-60%.
4. Ukuphucula ubomi ukusebenza kumatshini yokubumba inaliti.
5. Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo emqolombeni, ukunciphisa ilahleko ukungunda kunye nokwandisa ubomi ukusebenza ukungunda.
6. Kwezinye iimveliso zeplastiki, isikhunta singenziwa ngezinto zensimbi zetsimbi.
7. Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi lwemveliso.
8. Sombulula kwaye ususe ingxaki yeempawu zokuntywila kumphezulu wemveliso.
9. Yenza lula uyilo olunzima lwemveliso.
10. Ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kumatshini wokubumba inaliti.
11. Ukunciphisa iindleko zotyalo-mali koomatshini ziphene yokubumba nokuphuhlisa ngumngundo.
12. Ukunciphisa iindleko zokuvelisa.
B. Izinto eziluncedo zerhasi encediswa yiteknoloji yokubumba:
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iteknoloji yenaliti yokuncedwa kweteknoloji isetyenzisiwe kwimveliso yeeplastikhi ezininzi, ezinje ngomabonakude okanye iindawo ezivalelweyo, iimveliso zeplastiki zeemoto, ifanitshala, iikhabhathi kunye nezinto eziyimfuneko mihla le, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeebhokisi zeplastiki kunye nezinto zokudlala, njalo njalo .
Xa kuthelekiswa ne ziphene ziphene yokubumba, inceda igesi iteknoloji yokubumba inezinzuzo ezininzi ezingenakuthelekiswa nanto. Ayinakunciphisa kuphela iindleko zokuvelisa zeemveliso zeplastiki, kodwa ikwaphucula ezinye zeempawu zayo. Phantsi kwemeko yokuba amalungu anokuhlangabezana neemfuno ezifanayo zokusetyenziswa, ukusetyenziswa kwe-injini yokuncedisa igesi kunokugcina kakhulu izinto zeplastiki, kwaye izinga lokugcina linokufikelela kuma-50%.
Kwelinye icala, ukunciphisa isixa seplastikhi yezinto zokwenza izinto kunciphisa ixesha lekhonkco ngalinye kumjikelo wonke wokubumba; Kwelinye icala, ukuncipha kunye nokuhlengahlengiswa kwenxalenye kuye kwaphuculwa kakhulu ngokwaziswa kwerhasi yoxinzelelo oluphezulu ngaphakathi kwinxalenye, ke ixesha lokubamba inaliti, Uxinzelelo lokubamba inaliti lunokuncitshiswa kakhulu.
Irhasi-incediswe ziphene yokubumba kunciphisa uxinzelelo olusebenzayo lwenkqubo yenaliti kunye nenkqubo nokubotshwa komatshini wenaliti, ethi ngokufanayo inciphise ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwimveliso kwaye inyuse ubomi benkonzo yomatshini wenaliti yokubumba kunye nokuvunda. Kwangelo xesha, kuba uxinzelelo lokungunda luyancitshiswa, izinto zokubumba zinokubiza kakhulu. Iinxalenye ezenziwa yitekhnoloji encediswa yigesi inesakhiwo esingenanto, esingagcini nje ukunciphisa iipropathi zoomatshini zezahlulo, kodwa ziyaziphucula, eziluncedo kuzinzo lwamalungu.
Inkqubo yokuncedwa kwerhasi inzima ngakumbi kunenaliti eqhelekileyo. Ulawulo lwamalungu, ukungunda kunye neenkqubo ngokusisiseko kuhlalutywa kukulinganisa okuncedwa yikhompyuter, ngelixa iimfuno zenkqubo yomatshini wokubumba zilula. Okwangoku, ngaphezulu kwe-80% yoomatshini bokubumba inaliti bayasetyenziswa. Umatshini ziphene yokubumba unako mayixhotyiswe igesi-incedwa inkqubo yokubumba emva ukuguqulwa elula.
Akukho mfuno zikhethekileyo zemathiriyeli ekrwada. I-thermoplastics ngokubanzi kunye neeplastikhi zobunjineli zilungele ukubunjwa ngenaliti. Ngenxa eziluncedo zerhasi-incediswa inaliti iteknoloji yokubumba kwiinkalo ezininzi, kwangaxeshanye, inoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo kwaye ayifuni zixhobo ezininzi kunye nezinto zokwenza izinto. Ke ngoko, kuphuhliso lwexesha elizayo, ukusetyenziswa kwale teknoloji kushishino lwenaliti yokubumba kuya kuba ngakumbi nangakumbi ngokubanzi.
C.Ukusetyenziswa kweteknoloji yokuncedisa ngenaliti yokuncedisa igesi:
Itekhnoloji yokufaka inaliti yokuncedisa irhasi inokusetyenziswa kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo zeplastiki, ezinje ngeethelevishini, iifriji, izixhobo zokupholisa umoya, okanye iindawo ezivalelweyo, iimveliso zeplastiki, ifenitshala, izindlu zangasese, izixhobo zasekhitshini, izixhobo zasekhaya kunye nezinto eziyimfuneko imihla ngemihla, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeebhokisi zeplastiki, Iimveliso zebhokisi yemidlalo yebhokisi kunye nokunye.
Ngokusisiseko zonke ii-thermoplastics ezisetyenziselwa ukubumba ngenaliti (ziqinisiwe okanye hayi), kunye neeplastikhi zobunjineli ngokubanzi (ezinje ngePS, ihips, PP, ABS ... i-PES) zilungele itekhnoloji yokubumba yenaliti.
