Inganda za plastiki zirimo ibintu byinshi nkumusaruro, kugurisha, no gutunganya, harimo ubuvuzi, ubwikorezi, ubwikorezi, ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi, gupakira hamwe nizindi nzego, harimo n’inganda zikora ibikomoka kuri peteroli, ibicuruzwa bitunganyirizwa mu mahanga, abacuruzi, amaduka ya B-end n’ibindi kwishyira hamwe. Turashobora kuvuga ko inganda za plastike nini cyane, hariho ibiganiro bitabarika, bishingiye ku nganda, inganda za plastiki. Urukurikirane rw'ubushakashatsi bwakozwe ku byerekezo, igipimo, n'iterambere byakurikiranye kimwe. Hashingiwe kuri ubwo bushakashatsi, iterambere ry’inganda za plastiki rihora ritera imbere.
Mubihe bizwi, muri rusange abantu bemeza ko ikinyejana cya 20 aricyo kinyejana cyicyuma, naho ikinyejana cya 21 kizaba ikinyejana cya plastiki. Nyuma yo kwinjira mu kinyejana cya 21, inganda za plastiki ku isi zinjiye mu gihe cyiterambere ryihuse. Plastike iragenda yiyongera haba mu musaruro, mu bicuruzwa no mu mahanga ku masoko y'ibihugu bitandukanye.
Mubuzima bwacu bwa buri munsi, ibyoroshye plastike ituzanira ni rusange, ndetse byinjira mubice byose byubuzima bwacu, cyane cyane ahantu hose. Nibikoresho bya kane binini nyuma yinkwi, sima, nicyuma, kandi umwanya wacyo mubuzima bwacu nawo uriyongera.
Nyuma yimyaka 40 yiterambere ryihuse, plastike zatangiye gusimbuza ibyuma, umuringa, zinc, ibyuma, ibiti nibindi bikoresho, kuri ubu bikoreshwa cyane mubwubatsi, imashini, ibikoresho byinganda nizindi nzego.
Amakuru ya siyansi yerekana ko ingano y’isoko rya plastiki mu Bushinwa ryonyine ryageze kuri tiriyari 3, kandi inganda za plastiki ziratera imbere byihuse.
Kugeza ubu, Ubushinwa buri muntu akoresha plastike buri mwaka ni 12-13 kg gusa, ni 1/8 cy’ibihugu byateye imbere na 1/5 cy’ibihugu byateye imbere mu buryo bushyize mu gaciro. Ukurikije iki kigereranyo, umwanya witerambere ryinganda za plastike mubihugu bitandukanye ni nini cyane. Nk’uko Ubushinwa Bwemeza ko mu gihe cya vuba, biteganijwe ko Ubushinwa buzaba igihugu cya kabiri nyuma y’umuguzi wa kabiri ku isi.
Mu kinyejana cya 21, inganda za plastiki zifite iterambere ryiza cyane. Niba ushaka kumva inganda za plastiki, ugomba kubanza gusobanukirwa nuburyo isoko ryibikoresho fatizo bya pulasitike kandi buri gihe ukumva imigendekere yibikoresho bya plastiki. Hano hari amakuru menshi ashobora gushakishwa kuri enterineti. Reba ibikorwa, amakuru, ububiko, ibikoresho, hamwe n’imari ya sosiyete ikora plastike yo hejuru no hepfo. Kugira ngo wumve irekurwa ryigiciro cyacyo cyahoze cyuruganda, kandi isesengura ryisoko ni mugihe gikwiye. Mubyongeyeho, 90% yamakuru kurubuga rwinshi ni ubuntu.
Ibyiringiro by'inganda za plastiki-Ibikoresho byoza
Nubwo inganda za plastiki zifite amahirwe menshi yiterambere, zirahura kandi n’ikibazo gikomeye-cyangiza ibidukikije mu bihe bya plastiki biguha uburyo bworoshye. Ikibazo cy’umwanda wa plastike cyahoze imbere yacu, bityo plastiki zimwe na zimwe zangirika nazo zatangiye kugaragara ku isoko, ariko igiciro cyazo kiri hejuru cyane cyatumye isoko rya plastiki ryangirika ridashobora gusimbuza plastiki zitangirika. Iterambere ryihuse ry’inganda za pulasitike ryazanye kandi ibyago byinshi byihishe, nk'imyanda ya pulasitike, umwanda wa plastiki, gutunganya plastike, n'ibindi. Kugeza ubu, ibihugu bitandukanye byashyizeho politiki zimwe na zimwe za plastiki, nko gukoresha imifuka ya pulasitike, kubuza plastike, no kubuza plastike. Kubwibyo, Iterambere ryizaza rya plastike rizakunda ibikoresho bisukuye.
Ni muri urwo rwego, birakenewe ko guverinoma n’inzego zibishinzwe bashishikariza cyane inganda guteza imbere plastiki zangirika, kumenya iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga vuba bishoboka, kugabanya ibiciro, no gutuma plastiki zangirika zisimbuza plastiki zitangirika vuba bishoboka.
Ibyiringiro byinganda za plastiki-ibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru
Hamwe n’iterambere ry’inganda zikora amakara, urugero rwo kwishingikiriza kuri plastiki rusange mu bihugu bitandukanye rwagiye rugabanuka buhoro buhoro, kandi n’urwego rwo kwishingikiriza ku bicuruzwa bya pulasitiki byo mu rwego rwo hejuru byahinduwe biracyari binini, kugeza kuri 70%. Iterambere ryibicuruzwa bya pulasitike mubihugu bitandukanye bizarushaho guteza imbere ibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru.
Ibyiringiro byinganda za plastike-Ubucuruzi kumurongo
Hamwe n’iterambere rya "Internet +" hamwe n’ivugurura ry’impande zombi, inzira nshya zo kugurisha mu nganda za plastiki ziratera imbere, ubucuruzi bwo kuri interineti mu bihugu bitandukanye buragenda bwiyongera, kandi serivisi ziragenda zinyuranye, bituma ubucuruzi bwa plastiki burushaho kuba bwiza, bukora neza, kandi buke -cost.
