Umenzeli wenukliya
I-ejenti ye-nucleating ilungele amaplastikhi we-crystalline angaphelele njenge-polyethylene ne-polypropylene. Ngokushintsha ukusebenza kwe-crystallization ye-resin, kungasheshisa isilinganiso se-crystallization, kukhulise ukuminyana kwe-crystal futhi kukhuthaze ukusetshenziswa okuncane kosayizi we-crystal okusanhlamvu, ukuze kufinyezwe umjikelezo wokubumba futhi kuthuthukise ukubonakala kanye nokuvela kwezithasiselo ezintsha ezisebenzayo zomzimba nezomshini izakhiwo ezinjenge-gloss, amandla okuqina, ukuqina, ukushisa kokushisa okushisayo, ukumelana nomthelela, nokumelana okuhamba.
Ukungeza i-ejenti ye-nucleating kungakhuphula isivinini se-crystallization nezinga le-crystallization yomkhiqizo we-crystalline polymer, hhayi nje kuphela elingakhuphula isivinini sokucubungula nokubumba, kepha futhi sinciphise kakhulu isimangaliso se-crystallization yesibili yalolo daba, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukuzinza komkhiqizo .
Ithonya le-ejenti ye-nucleating ekusebenzeni komkhiqizo
Ukwengezwa kwe-ejenti ye-nucleating kuthuthukisa izakhiwo zamakristalu zento ye-polymer, ethinta izakhiwo zomzimba nezokucutshungulwa kwento ye-polymer.
01 Ithonya emandleni okuqina nokugoba amandla
Kuma-polymeri ama-crystalline noma ama-semi-crystalline, ukwengezwa kwe-ejenti ye-nucleating kunenzuzo yokwengeza ubumbano lwe-polymer, futhi kaningi kunomphumela wokuqinisa, okwandisa ukuqina kwepolymer, amandla okuqina namandla okugoba, kanye ne-modulus , kepha Ukunwebeka ngesikhathi sekhefu ngokuvamile kuyehla.
02 Ukumelana namandla omthelela
Ngokuvamile, ukuphakama kwensimbi yokuqina noma yokugoba kwento, amandla omthelela athanda ukulahleka. Kodwa-ke, ukwengezwa kwe-ejenti ye-nucleating kuzonciphisa usayizi we-spherulite we-polymer, ukuze i-polymer iveze ukumelana okuhle komthelela. Isibonelo, ukungeza i-ejenti ye-nucleating efanelekayo ku-PP noma ku-PA izinto zokusetshenziswa kungakhuphula amandla omthelela wento ngo-10-30%.
Ithonya ekusebenzeni okubonakalayo
Ama-polymers asobala wendabuko afana ne-PC noma i-PMMA ngokuvamile angama-polymorphic amorphous, kuyilapho ama-crystalline noma ama-semi-crystalline polymers ngokuvamile e-opaque. Ukwengezwa kwama-nucleating agents kunganciphisa ubukhulu bezinhlamvu ze-polymer futhi kube nezici zesakhiwo se-microcrystalline. Kungenza umkhiqizo ubonise izici eziguqukayo noma ezisobala ngokuphelele, futhi ngasikhathi sinye zingathuthukisa ukuphela komkhiqizo.
Umthelela ekusebenzeni kokucubungula kwe-polymer
Enqubeni yokubumba i-polymer, ngoba ukuncibilika kwe-polymer kunesilinganiso sokupholisa esisheshayo, futhi uchungechunge lwamangqamuzana e-polymer alukhanyiswanga ngokuphelele, lubangela ukuncipha kanye nokusonteka ngesikhathi senqubo yokupholisa, kanti i-polymer ekhanyiswe ngokuphelele ayinakho ukuzinza okuyisilinganiso. Kulula futhi ukuncipha ngosayizi ngenkathi kwenziwa inqubo. Ukungeza i-ejenti ye-nucleating kungasheshisa isilinganiso se-crystallization, kunciphise isikhathi sokubumba, kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza futhi kunciphise izinga lokuncipha kokuthunyelwa komkhiqizo.
Izinhlobo ze-ejenti ye-nucleating
I-01 α i-crystal nucleating agent
It ikakhulu ngcono obala, ebusweni isicwebezelisi, ukuqina, ukushisa kokuhlanekezelwa kokushisa, njll komkhiqizo. Ibizwa nangokuthi i-ejenti esobala, i-transmittance enhancer, ne-rigidizer. Ngokuyinhloko kufaka i-dibenzyl sorbitol (dbs) nemikhiqizo yayo, amakha kasawoti e-phosphate ester, ama-benzoate afakwe esikhundleni, njll. Ama-alpha crystal nucleating agents angahlukaniswa ngama -organic, organic nama-macromolecule ngokuya ngesakhiwo sawo.
02 Okungajwayelekile
Ama-ejenti we-nucleating ejwayelekile ikakhulukazi afaka i-talc, i-calcium oxide, i-carbon black, i-calcium carbonate, i-mica, i-pigment engajwayelekile, i-kaolin kanye nezinsalela ze-catalyst. Lawa yizinto zokuqala ezishibhile nezisebenzayo ezenziwa ngama-nucleating agents, futhi ama-nucleating agents acwaningwe kakhulu futhi asetshenziswa kakhulu yi-talc, mica, njll.
03 Okwemvelo
Usawoti wensimbi weCarboxylic acid: njenge-sodium succinate, i-sodium glutarate, i-sodium caproate, i-sodium 4-methylvalerate, i-adipic acid, i-aluminium adipate, i-aluminium tert-butyl benzoate (Al-PTB-BA), i-Aluminium benzoate, i-potassium benzoate, i-lithium benzoate, i-sodium i-cinnamate, i-sodium β-naphthoate, njll. Phakathi kwazo, i-alkali yensimbi noma i-aluminium usawoti we-benzoic acid, nosawoti we-aluminium we-tert-butyl benzoate unemiphumela engcono futhi unomlando omude wokusetshenziswa, kepha ukungafihli lutho akukuhle.
Usawoti wensimbi we-Phosphoric acid: Ama-phosphates we-organic ikakhulukazi afaka usawoti wensimbi we-phosphate kanye nama-phosphates wensimbi ayisisekelo nezakhiwo zawo. Njenge-2,2'-methylene bis (4,6-tert-butylphenol) i-phosphine aluminium usawoti (NA-21). Lolu hlobo lwe-ejenti ye-nucleating lubonakala ngokusobala okuhle, ukuqina, isivinini se-crystallization, njll., Kepha ukusabalalisa okungalungile.
Isuselwe ku-Sorbitol benzylidene: Inomphumela omuhle wokuthuthuka ekusoleni, isicwebezelisi saphezulu, ukuqina nezinye izakhiwo ze-thermodynamic zomkhiqizo, futhi inokuhambisana okuhle ne-PP. Luhlobo lokungafihli izinto okwamanje olwenziwa ngokujulile. Umenzeli wenukliya. Ngokusebenza okuhle nentengo ephansi, sekuyi-ejenti le-nucleating elithuthukiswe kakhulu elinokuhlukahluka okukhulu nokukhiqiza nokuthengisa okukhulu kunakho konke nakwamanye amazwe. Kukhona ikakhulukazi i-dibenzylidene sorbitol (DBS), amabili (p-methylbenzylidene) sorbitol (P-M-DBS), amabili (p-chloro-substituted benzal) sorbitol (P-Cl-DBS) njalonjalo.
Indawo yokuncibilika ephezulu ye-polymer nucleating ejenti: Okwamanje, kukhona ikakhulukazi i-polyvinyl cyclohexane, i-polyethylene pentane, i-ethylene / i-acrylate copolymer, njll. Inezindawo zokuxubana ezingezinhle ezinama-polyolefin resins nokusabalalisa okuhle.
agent i-crystal nucleating agent:
Inhloso ukuthola imikhiqizo ye-polypropylene enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-crystal form. Inzuzo yokwenza ngcono ukumelana nomthelela womkhiqizo, kepha ayinciphisi noma inyuse izinga lokushisa lokushisa lomkhiqizo, ukuze izici ezimbili eziphikisanayo zokumelana nomthelela kanye nokumelana nokushisa kokushisa kucatshangelwe.
Uhlobo olulodwa izingxube ezihlanganisiwe zezindandatho ezinesakhiwo se-quasi-planar.
Enye yakhiwe ngama-oxide, ama-hydroxide nosawoti wama-dicarboxylic acid athile nezinsimbi zeqembu IIA letafula lezikhathi ezithile. Ingaguqula isilinganiso samafomu e-crystal ahlukile ku-polymer ukuguqula i-PP.
