1. Nkọwa nke plastic:
Plastic bụ ihe nwere nnukwu polymer dị ka isi ihe mejupụtara. Ihe ndi mejuputara bu ihe eji eme ya na ihe eji acho ihe, ihe ndi na enye ihe ndi ozo, ndi na edozi, ndi mmanu, ihe ndi ozo. Ọ bụ na a mmiri mmiri ala n'oge n'ichepụta na nhazi ikwado ịme ngosi uwe, Ọ na-egosi a siri ike udi mgbe nhazi na dechara. Isi ihe nke plastik bụ resin sịntetik. "Resin" na-ezo aka na polymer dị elu nke agwakọtaghị na mgbakwunye dị iche iche. Ihe resin ahụ na-eme ihe dị ka 40% gaa na 100% nke ngụkọta nke plastik ahụ. Ngwongwo ihe eji eme plastik bu ihe kpebisiri ike site na ihe nke resin, ma ihe mgbakwunye na-ekerekwa oke aka.
2. Ihe kpatara ngbanwe plastik:
Ihe a akpọrọ “mmegharị plastik” na-arụtụ aka na usoro ịgbakwunye otu ma ọ bụ karịa ihe ndị ọzọ na resin plastik iji gbanwee arụmọrụ mbụ ya, melite otu ma ọ bụ karịa akụkụ, wee si otu a mezuo ebumnuche nke ịgbasa ọtụtụ ngwa ya. A na-achịkọta ihe plastik ndị a gbanwere agbanwe dị ka "plastik gbanwetụrụ".
Mgbanwe plastik na-ezo aka na-agbanwe ihe onwunwe nke ihe plastik na ntụziaka ndị mmadụ na-atụ anya ya site na anụ ahụ, kemịkalụ ma ọ bụ ụzọ abụọ, ma ọ bụ iji belata ọnụ ahịa, ma ọ bụ iji meziwanye ụfọdụ ihe, ma ọ bụ inye plastik Ọrụ ọhụrụ nke ihe. Usoro mgbanwe nwere ike ime n'oge polymerization nke resin sịntetik, ya bụ, mgbanwe kemịkalụ, dị ka copolymerization, grafting, crosslinking, wdg, nwekwara ike duzie n'oge nhazi nke resin sịntetik, ya bụ, mgbanwe anụ ahụ, dịka ndochi na co-polymerization. Gwakọta, nkwalite, wdg.
3. methodsdị ụzọ mgbanwe plastic:
1) Ndozi: Ebumnuche nke ịbawanye ike na ike nke ihe a na-enweta site na ịgbakwunye fibrous ma ọ bụ flake fillers dị ka eriri iko, eriri carbon, na mica ntụ ntụ, dị ka iko iko na-agba ume na-eji na ngwaọrụ ike.
2) Ndozi: Ebumnuche nke imeziwanye ike na mmetụta ike nke plastik na-enweta site na ịgbakwunye roba, elastomer thermoplastic na ihe ndị ọzọ na plastik, dị ka polypropylene toughened a na-ejikarị na ụgbọala, ngwa ụlọ na ngwa ụlọ ọrụ.
3) lendgwakọta: na-agwakọta ihe polymer abụọ ma ọ bụ karịa na-ezughị ezu na ngwakọta macro na micro-phase-iche iji mezuo ihe ụfọdụ achọrọ na usoro nke anụ ahụ na akụrụngwa, ngwa anya, na nhazi. Usoro achọrọ.
4) Na-ejuputa: Ebumnuche nke imeziwanye ihe anụ ahụ na nke igwe ma ọ bụ belata ụgwọ na-enweta site na ịgbakwunye ihe nzacha na plastik.
5) Mgbanwe ndị ọzọ: dị ka iji ihe nkedo ihe na-eme ka ibelata ọkụ eletrik nke plastik; mgbakwunye nke antioxidants na ìhè stabilizers iji meziwanye nguzogide ihu igwe nke ihe; mgbakwunye nke pigments na agba iji gbanwee agba nke ihe; mgbakwunye nke mmanu n'ime na n'èzí iji mee ihe ahụ A na-emezi arụmọrụ nhazi nke plastic-crystalline; a na-eji ihe eji eme ihe na-eme ka a gbanwee njirimara crystalline nke plastic-crystalline iji meziwanye akụrụngwa ya na ngwa anya.
