Iplastiki yinto esihlala siyisebenzisa kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla. Zincinci njengeengxowa zeplastiki, iibhotile zabantwana, iibhotile zesiselo, iibhokisi zasemini, isongelo seplastikhi, esikhulu njengefilimu yezolimo, ifanitshala, izixhobo zombane, ushicilelo lwe-3D, kwaneerokethi nemijukujelwa, iiplastiki zikho zonke.
Iplastiki lisebe elibalulekileyo lezinto ze-organic polymer, ezineentlobo ezininzi, izivuno ezinkulu kunye nokusetyenziswa okubanzi. Kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zeplastiki, zinokuhlelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
1. Ngokokuziphatha xa kushushu, iiplastiki zinokwahlulwa zibe zii-thermoplastics kunye ne-thermosetting science ngokwendlela abaziphethe ngayo xa beshushu;
2. Ngokwentlobo yempendulo ngexesha lokudityaniswa kwentlaka eplastikini, i-resin inokwahlulahlulwa ibe ziiplastikhi ezineepolymer kunye neeplastiki ezinephepha elinamacwecwe;
3. Ngokwe-odolo ye-resin macromolecule, iiplastikhi zingahlulwa zibe zindidi ezimbini: iiplastikhi ezinama-amorphous kunye neekristalline zeplastikhi;
4. Ngokomgangatho wokusebenza kunye nokusetyenziswa, iiplastiki zingahlulwa zibe ziiplastikhi ngokubanzi, iiplastiki zobunjineli, kunye neeplastikhi ezikhethekileyo.
Phakathi kwazo, iiplastiki zenjongo ngokubanzi zisetyenziswa kakhulu kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla. Iiplastikhi zenjongo ngokubanzi zibhekisa kwiiplastikhi ezinomthamo omkhulu wemveliso, unikezelo olubanzi, ixabiso eliphantsi kwaye kufanelekile kwizicelo ezikhulu. Iiplastikhi zenjongo ngokubanzi zinokulungelelaniswa okuhle, kwaye zinokubunjwa zibe yimveliso yeenjongo ezahlukeneyo ngokweenkqubo ezahlukeneyo. Iiplastiki zenjongo ngokubanzi zibandakanya i-polyethylene (PE), i-polypropylene (PP), i-polyvinyl chloride (i-PVC), i-polystyrene (PS), i-acrylonitrile / i-butadiene / i-styrene (i-ABS).
Ngeli xesha ndiza kuthetha ikakhulu malunga neepropathi eziphambili kunye nokusetyenziswa kwepolyethylene (PE). I-Polyethylene (i-PE) inezinto ezintle kakhulu zokulungisa kunye nokusetyenziswa, zezona ntlobo zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwii-resin zokwenziwa, kwaye amandla ayo emveliso kudala abekwa kwindawo yokuqala kuzo zonke iintlobo zeplastiki. I-resin ye-polyethylene ikakhulu ibandakanya i-polyethylene (LDPE), i-polyethylene (LLDPE), kunye ne-polyethylene ephezulu (HDPE).
I-Polyethylene isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumazwe ahlukeneyo, kwaye ifilimu ngowona msebenzisi wayo mkhulu. Isebenzisa malunga neepesenti ezingama-77 ze-polyethylene ephantsi kunye ne-18% ye-polyethylene ephezulu. Ukongeza, iimveliso zenaliti ebunjiweyo, iingcingo kunye neentambo, iimveliso ezingenanto, njl njl zonke zihlala kulwakhiwo lokusetyenziswa kwazo Umlinganiselo omkhulu. Phakathi kweentsimbi ezintlanu zenjongo ngokubanzi, ukusetyenziswa kwamanqanaba e-PE kuqala. I-Polyethylene inokuvuthelwa ukwenza iibhotile ezahlukeneyo, iinkonkxa, iitanki zeshishini, imiphanda kunye nezinye izikhongozeli; Inaliti ebunjiweyo ukwenza iimbiza ezahlukeneyo, imiphanda, iibhasikiti, iibhasikiti, iibhasikiti kunye nezinye izikhongozeli zemihla ngemihla, iisundries zemihla ngemihla kunye nefenitshala, njl .; extrusion yokubumba Yenza zonke iintlobo zemibhobho, imitya, imicu, i-monofilaments, njl.njl.Ukongeza, inokusetyenziselwa ukwenza ucingo kunye nezinto zokwenza ikhebula kunye nephepha lokwenziwa. Phakathi kwezicelo ezininzi, ezona ndawo ziphambili zabathengi be-polyethylene yimibhobho kunye neefilimu. Ngophuhliso lolwakhiwo lwasezidolophini, ifilimu yezolimo kunye nokutya okuhlukeneyo, ukuthungwa kwamalaphu kunye neefektri zeshishini, ukuphuhliswa kwala macandelo mabini kuye kwanda ngakumbi.
