Yintoni ipolypropylene (PP) kwaye yintoni ukusetyenziswa kwayo?
I-Polypropylene (PP) sisongezo se-thermoplastic polymer esenziwe ngokudityaniswa kwee-propylene monomers. Inoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo, kubandakanya ukupakishwa kwemveliso yabathengi, izinto zeplastiki zeshishini leemoto, kunye namalaphu. Izazinzulu zikaPhilip Oil Inkampani uPaul Hogan noRobert Banks baqala ukwenza i-polypropylene ngo-1951, kwaza emva kwexesha oososayensi base-Italiya nabaseJamani uNatta noRehn benza ne-polypropylene. U-Natta wagqibezela kwaye wenza imveliso yokuqala ye-polypropylene eSpain ngo-1954, kwaye ukubanako kwayo nge-crystallization kwavusa umdla omkhulu. Ngo-1957, ukuthandwa kwepolypropylene kwanda, kwaye imveliso enkulu yorhwebo yayiqale kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Namhlanje, iye yaba yenye yeeplastiki ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ehlabathini.
Ibhokisi yeyeza eyenziwe nge-PP enesiciko esixhonyiweyo
Ngokweengxelo, imfuno yangoku yelizwe jikelele yezixhobo ze-PP imalunga nezigidi ezingama-45 zeetoni ngonyaka, kwaye kuqikelelwa ukuba ibango liza kunyuka liye kuthi ga malunga nezigidi ezingama-62 zeetoni ngokuphela kowama-2020. Esona sicelo siphambili se-PP lushishino lokupakisha, oluthi iiakhawunti malunga ne-30% yosetyenziso lulonke. Okwesibini kukwenziwa kombane kunye nezixhobo, ezisebenzisa malunga ne-26%. Izixhobo zekhaya kunye nemizi-mveliso nganye isebenzisa i-10%. Icandelo lokwakha lisebenzisa iipesenti ezintlanu.
I-PP inomgangatho ogudileyo kwaye inokuthi ithathe indawo yezinye iimveliso zeplastiki, ezinje ngegiya kunye neepaneli zefanitshala ezenziwe ngePOM. Umphezulu ogudileyo wenza ukuba kube nzima kwi-PP ukubambelela kwezinye iindawo, oko kukuthi, i-PP ayinakubotshelelwa ngokuqinileyo ngeglue yemizi-mveliso, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka ibotshwe yi-welding. Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iiplastikhi, i-PP ikwanazo neempawu zokuxinana okuphantsi, ezinokunciphisa ubunzima kubasebenzisi. I-PP inokuxhathisa okunyibilikayo kwizinyibilikisi ezifana negrisi kubushushu begumbi. Kodwa i-PP kulula ukuyidibanisa kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu.
Enye yezinto ezilungileyo eziphambili ze-PP kukusebenza kwayo ngokugqwesileyo, okunokuthi kwenziwe ngokubumba ngenaliti okanye ukulungiswa kwe-CNC. Umzekelo, kwibhokisi yamayeza e-PP, isiciko sidityaniswe kumzimba webhotile ngesixhobo esiphilayo. Ibhokisi yepilisi ingaqwalaselwa ngokuthe ngqo ngenaliti yokubumba okanye i-CNC. Ihenjisi ephilayo edibanisa isiciko lishiti elicekeceke kakhulu elinokugoba ngokuphindaphindiweyo (ukuhamba kuluhlu olugqithisileyo kufutshane nama-360 degrees) ngaphandle kokophuka. Nangona ihenjisi ephilayo eyenziwe nge-PP ingenakho ukuthwala umthwalo, ilunge kakhulu kwibhotile yebhotile yemfuno zemihla ngemihla.
Olunye uncedo lwe-PP kukuba lunokukhutshelwa ngokulula kunye nezinye iipolymers (ezinje nge-PE) ukwenza iiplastiki ezidityanisiweyo. I-copolymer iguqula kakhulu iipropathi zezinto eziphathekayo, kwaye inokufikelela kwizicelo zobunjineli ezinamandla xa kuthelekiswa ne-PP ecocekileyo.
Esinye isicelo esingenakulinganiswa kukuba i-PP inokwenza izinto zombini zeplastiki kunye nefayibha.
Ezi mpawu zingasentla zithetha ukuba iPP inokusetyenziswa kwizicelo ezininzi: iipleyiti, iitreyi, iikomityi, iibhegi, izikhongozeli zeplastiki ezingacacanga kunye nezinto zokudlala ezininzi.
Zithini iimpawu zePP?
Ezona mpawu zibalulekileyo zePP zezi zilandelayo:
Ukuxhathisa ngemichiza: i-alkali ne-asidi engangxengwanga ayiphenduli nge-PP, eyenza ukuba ibe sisikhongozeli esifanelekileyo kulwelo olunje (njengezicoci, iimveliso zoncedo lokuqala, njl.).
Ubhetyebhetye kunye nobulukhuni: I-PP ine-elasticity ngaphakathi kuluhlu oluthile lokuphambuka, kwaye iya kufumana i-deformation yeplastiki ngaphandle kokuqhekeka kwinqanaba lokuqala le-deformation, ke oko kuhlala kuthathwa njengezinto "ezinzima". Ukuqina ligama lobunjineli elichazwa njengobuchule bezinto ezinokukhubazeka (deformation yeplastikhi kunokuba i-elastic deformation) ngaphandle kokophuka.
Ukumelana nokudinwa: I-PP igcina imilo yayo emva kokujija kunye nokugoba okuninzi. Eli nqaku libaluleke ngokukodwa ekwenzeni iihenjisi zokuphila.
Zokuvala: izinto PP enokumelana eliphezulu kwaye izinto zokwambathisa.
Ukuhambisa: Inokwenziwa ngombala ocacileyo, kodwa ihlala yenziwe ngombala wendalo opaque ngombala othile wokuhambisa. Ukuba kufuneka ukuhanjiswa okuphezulu, kufuneka kukhethwe i-acrylic okanye iPC.
I-PP yi-thermoplastic enendawo yokunyibilika malunga ne-130 degrees Celsius, kwaye iba lulwelo xa ifikelela kwinqanaba lokunyibilika. Njengazo ezinye i-thermoplastics, i-PP inokufudunyezwa kwaye ipholile iphindaphindwe ngaphandle kokonakala okubonakalayo. Ke ngoko, i-PP inokurisayikilisheka kwaye ifumaneke ngokulula.
Zithini iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zePP?
Zimbini iintlobo eziphambili: i-homopolymers kunye ne-copolymers. IiCopolymers zahlulahlulwe zangumlinganiso webhloko kunye nee-copolymers ezingahleliwe. Icandelo ngalinye linezicelo ezizodwa. I-PP ihlala ibizwa ngokuba yintsimbi "yeplastikhi, kuba inokwenziwa ngokudibanisa izongezo kwi-PP, okanye yenziwe ngendlela eyahlukileyo, ukuze i-PP iguqulwe kwaye yenziwe ikwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezizodwa zesicelo.
I-PP yokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimizi-mveliso ngumenzi wasekhaya. I-block copolymer PP yongezwa nge-ethylene ukuphucula ukunganyangeki. Random copolymer PP isetyenziselwa ukwenza iimveliso ze-ductile kunye neziselubala ngakumbi.
Yenziwa njani i-PP?
Njengezinye iiplastikhi, iqala ukusuka "kumaqhezu" (amaqela akhaphukhaphu) ayilwe kukucoca ulwelo lwe-hydrocarbon fuels kwaye adityaniswe nezinye iicatalysts ukwenza iiplastikhi ngokusebenzisa i-polymerization okanye i-polycondensation reaction.
CNC, 3D yoshicilelo kunye ziphene yokubumba iimpawu
Ukuprintwa kwe-3D 3D
I-PP ayinakusetyenziselwa ukushicilelwa kwe-3D kwifom yefilamenti.
Ukulungiswa kwe-PP CNC
I-PP isetyenziselwa ukucwangciswa kwe-CNC kwifom yephepha. Xa sisenza AMAGQABAZA number inani elincinci lamalungu PP, sidla ukwenza machining CNC kuzo. I-PP ineqondo lobushushu elincancisayo, oko kuthetha ukuba ikhubazeke ngokulula bubushushu, ngenxa yoko ifuna inqanaba eliphezulu lobuchule ukusika ngokuchanekileyo.
Inaliti ye-PP
Nangona i-PP ineempawu ze-crystalline, ine-fluidity elungileyo kakhulu ngenxa ye-viscosity ephantsi yokunyibilika, ke kulula ukuyilungisa. Olu phawu luphucula kakhulu isantya apho izinto zizalisa khona ukungunda. Ireyithi yokuncipha kwe-PP imalunga ne-1-2%, kodwa iya kwahluka ngenxa yezinto ezininzi, kubandakanya ukubamba uxinzelelo, ukubamba ixesha, ukunyibilika kobushushu, ubukhulu bodonga lobushushu, ubushushu besikhunta, kunye nohlobo kunye neepesenti yezongezelelo.
Olunye usetyenziso
Ukongeza kwizicelo zeplastiki eziqhelekileyo, i-PP nayo ikulungele kakhulu ukwenza imicu. Iimveliso ezinjalo zibandakanya intambo, iikhaphethi, izinto zokuhombisa, iimpahla, njl.
Zithini izibonelelo zePP?
I-PP ifumaneka ngokulula kwaye ngexabiso eliphantsi.
I-PP inamandla aphezulu okuguquguquka.
I-PP inomgangatho ogudileyo.
I-PP inobungqina bokufuma kwaye inamanzi amancinci.
I-PP inokumelana okuhle kweekhemikhali kwiiasidi ezahlukeneyo kunye neealkali.
I-PP inokumelana nokudinwa okuhle.
PP unefuthe elungileyo amandla.
I-PP sisixhobo esifanelekileyo sombane.
Zeziphi iingxaki zePP?
I-PP inomlingani ophezulu wokwanda kwe-thermal, ethintela umda ekusebenziseni kwayo ubushushu obuphezulu.
I-PP isengozini yokuthotywa yimitha yelanga.
I-PP inokunganyangeki kakuhle kwiinyibilikisi ezineklorin kunye neehydrocarbon ezinamakha.
I-PP kunzima ukuyitshiza kumphezulu womhlaba ngenxa yeempawu zayo zokubambelela ezingalunganga.
I-PP inokutsha kakhulu.
I-PP kulula ukuyidibanisa.
Ngaphandle kweziphene zayo, i-PP ngokubanzi yinto elungileyo. Inempawu ezizodwa zokuxuba ezinye izinto ezingenakuthelekiswa nazo, oko kukuthi, inokukhutshelwa kunye nezinye iipolymers ukwenza izinto ezidityanisiweyo, kunye nezongezo ezahlukeneyo zinokongezwa, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe lukhetho olufanelekileyo kwiiprojekthi ezininzi.
Zithini iimpawu zePP?
Phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, oko kukuthi, iqondo lobushushu elingu-25 ° C kunye no-1 umoya woxinzelelo.
Igama Technology: Polypropylene (PP)
Ifomula yemichiza: (C3H6) n
Ikhowudi yokuchonga intlaka (yokwenza ntsha kwakhona):
Ukunyibilika kobushushu: 130 ° C
Ubushushu obuqhelekileyo benaliti: 32-66 ° C
Ubushushu bokugqwetha ubushushu: 100 ° C (phantsi koxinzelelo lwe-MP46 lwe-0.46)
Uqine: 32 MPA
Amandla e-Flexural: 41 MPa
Umxhuzulane othile: 0.91
Ireyithi yokunciphisa: 1.5-2.0%
