I ka hoʻomaka o kēia makahiki, "hiki ʻole ke kali" ʻo Vietnam no ka hoʻolaha ʻana i kāna hana hoʻokele waiwai i ka makahiki i hala. 7.02% GDP ulu ulu, 11.29% ka ulu ulu ... Ke nānā wale nei i ka ʻikepili, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka ikaika ikaika o kēia ʻāina kūkulu ʻĀkia Hikina.
ʻO nā mea kanu hana hou aʻe, nā pae ʻāina nui a nui aku, a me nā kulekele hoʻolauna hana hoʻopuka o ke aupuni Vietnam, ua hoʻolōʻihi iā Vietnam i "hale hana honua" hou a me kahi ʻoihana ʻenehana a me nā kaulahao ʻoihana e pili ana. Kahua hou.
Hoʻoikaika ka hoʻokomo kālā a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ulu pālua-helu i ka ʻoihana plastics
Wahi a ka ʻikepili i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma mua e ka Vietnam General Administration of Statistics, ua piʻi ka ulu GDP o Vietnam ma 2019 i ka 7.02%, ʻoi aku i ka 7% no ka makahiki ʻelua. Ma waena o lākou, ua alakaʻi ka ulu ulu o ka hana ʻana a me ka hana ʻana i nā ʻoihana nui, me kahi ulu ulu o 11.29%. Ua ʻōlelo nā luna Vietnamese e piʻi ka nui o ka hana a me nā ʻoihana hana i 12% ma 2020.
E pili ana i ka lawe mai a me ka lawe aku, ʻo ka huina nui o nā mea i lawe mai a Vietnam i waho no ka makahiki he $ 500 biliona no ka manawa mua, a hōʻea i ka US $ 517 biliona, a ʻo ka waiwai i lawe ʻia aku i US $ 263.45 biliona, e loaʻa ana ke koena o US $ 9.94 biliona. ʻO ka pahuhopu ʻo Vietnam's 2020 e hōʻea i 300 biliona kālā US i ka huina o ka lawe aku i waho.
Ua ikaika loa ka noi kūloko, me ka nui o nā kūʻai aku kūʻai aku o nā mea kūʻai aku e hoʻonui ana i ka 11.8%, ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe ma waena o 2016 a me 2019. Ma nā ʻōlelo e ʻumeʻume nei i nā hoʻopukapuka haole, ua huki ʻo Vietnam he 38 biliona kālā kālā kālā kālā haole ma loko o ka makahiki. i 10 mau makahiki. ʻO ka hoʻohana maoli ʻia o ke kapikala haole ʻo 20.38 biliona kālā US, kahi moʻolelo.
Hoʻokuʻu nā ala āpau o ke ola i kahi lewa lewa, i hui pū ʻia me nā mea maikaʻi o ka hana kūloko o ka ʻāina, ka ʻāina a me ka ʻauhau, a me nā pōmaikaʻi o ke awa, a me ke kulekele wehe o Vietnam (Vietnam a me nā ʻāina ʻē a me nā ʻāina i kau inoa ma mua o ka ʻumi mau ʻaelike kālepa manuahi. ). Ua lilo kēia mau kumu i mea e lilo ai ʻo Vietnam i ʻāpana o ka ʻuala "ma ka mākeke Hikina Hema.
E nānā ka nui o nā mea hoʻopukapuka haole iā Vietnam, kahi wahi wela no ka hoʻopukapuka. Ua komo nā pilikua nunui e like me Nike, Adidas, Foxconn, Samsung, Canon, LG, a me Sony i kēia ʻāina.
ʻO ka mākeke hana a me ka mākeke kūʻai aku i hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻomohala ikaika o nā ʻoihana hana like ʻole. I waena o lākou, ʻo ka hana o ka hana hana ea a me ka ʻoihana hana mea koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi. I nā makahiki he 10 i hala iho nei, ua hoʻomau ka nui o ka ulu ulu makahiki o ka ʻoihana plastics Vietnamese ma kahi o 10-15%.
ʻO ke koi komo nui no nā pono a me nā pono ʻenehana
Ua hoʻokau ka ʻoihana hana hoʻouluulu Vietnam i kahi koi nui loa no nā mea maka plastic, akā ua kaupalena ʻia ka makemake o nā mea kūloko o Vietnam, no laila pili ia i ka nui o ka lawe mai. Wahi a ka Vietnam Plastics Association (Vietnam Plastics Association), pono ka ʻohana plastik o ka ʻāina i ka awelika o 2 a 2.5 miliona mau maka i kēlā me kēia makahiki, akā 75% a 80% o nā mea maka e pili ana i ka lawe mai.
E pili ana i nā pono hana loea, no ka mea ʻo ka hapa nui o nā ʻoihana palaka kūloko ma Vietnam he mau ʻoihana liʻiliʻi a me ka liʻiliʻi, hilinaʻi nui hoʻi lākou i nā lawe mai e pili ana i ka ʻenehana a me nā pono hana. No laila, aia kahi koi mākeke nui no ka hoʻokomo ʻana o nā pono loea.
ʻO nā hui mīkini a me nā pono ponoʻī, e like me nā mea hana mīkini plastic Kina e like me Haitian, Yizumi, Bochuang, Jinwei, etc. o ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa. Ma ka lima ʻē aʻe, hiki ke hoʻokō i nā pono o ka mākeke kūloko.
Hāpai ka ʻāpala ʻōpala i nā manawa ʻoihana nui
He nui nā mea maikaʻi o Vietnam i ka ʻāpana ʻāpala lula, e like me ke komo ikaika ʻana o nā mīkini haole, nā pono hana a me nā mea hoʻolako huahana. I ka manawa like, ma muli o ka hoʻonui mau ʻana o ka ʻai pākika per capita ma Vietnam, ua nui ka makemake o ka mākeke pahu ukana lola.
I kēia manawa, ʻo nā hui mai Thailand, Kōlea Hema a me Iāpana ka helu no 90% o ka mahele makeke ʻūlū palika o Vietnam. Loaʻa iā lākou kahi ʻenehana holomua, ke kumukūʻai a me nā pono kūwaho huahana mea kūʻai aku. E pili ana i kēia, pono i nā hui ukana Kina e hoʻomaopopo pono i nā manawa mākeke, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻenehana a me ka maikaʻi, a e hoʻoikaika e loaʻa kahi ʻāpana o ka mākeke pahu Vietnamese.
Ma nā ʻōlelo o ka hoʻopuka huahana huʻihuʻi, ʻo ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me Iāpana ka helu no 60% a me 15% o nā pahu ukana pelekane ʻo Vietnam i lawe ʻia i kēlā me kēia. No laila, ke komo ʻana i ka mākeke hoʻāhu Vietnamese ʻo ia hoʻi ka manawa kūpono e komo i ka ʻōnaehana mea hoʻolako ukana e like me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me Iapana.
Hoʻohui ʻia, ʻaʻole lawa nā ʻoihana Vietnamese kūloko i ka ʻenehana hōkeo e kū ai i nā koi e hoʻonui mau nei i nā mea kūʻai, no laila aia kahi koi mākeke nui no ke komo ʻana o ka ʻenehana hōkeo. ʻO kahi laʻana, makemake nui nā mea kūʻai aku e koho i nā hōkeo kiʻekiʻe a me nā hana he nui e mālama i nā meaʻai, akā he mau ʻoihana kūloko wale nō ke hana i kēia ʻano huahana huahana.
Lawe i ka hōʻaiʻē waiū ma ke ʻano he laʻana. I kēia manawa, hoʻolako ʻia ia e nā hui haole. Hoʻohui ʻia, hilinaʻi nui ʻo Vietnam i nā ʻoihana ʻē i ka hana ʻana i nā ʻeke pepa PE ʻole permeable a i ʻole mau ʻeke zipper. ʻO kēia nā breakthrough āpau no nā hui ukana Kina e ʻoki i ka mākeke palekiko Vietnamese.
I ka manawa like, kiʻekiʻe ka EU a me ko Iapana mau koi ʻie palu, a ke koho nui nei nā mea kūʻai aku i nā huahana lula mai Vietnam. I ka mahina ʻo Iune 2019, ua kau inoa ʻo Vietnam a me ka EU i kahi ʻaelike kālepa manuahi manuahi (EVFTA), e hoʻomākaukau ana i ke ala no 99% e hoʻemi ai i ka uku ma waena o nā ʻāina EU a me nā Hikina Hema Hikina, e hana ana i nā manawa kūpono e hoʻolaha ai i ka hoʻolilo ʻia ʻana o ka pēpē i ka mākeke ʻEulopa
He mea kūpono nō hoʻi ia e ʻōlelo ma lalo o ka nalu hou o ka pōʻaiapuni hoʻokele, nā ʻenehana hōʻeuʻeu ʻōmaʻomaʻo e hiki mai ana, keu hoʻi i ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu a me nā ʻenehana hōʻemi emission, e lilo i mea kaulana. No nā hui ukana ea, he manawa kūpono nui kēia.
Lilo ka mālama ʻōpala i mākeke hoʻomohala nui
Hana ʻo Vietnam ma kahi o 13 miliona mau tona ʻōpala paʻa i kēlā me kēia makahiki, a ʻo ia kekahi o nā ʻāina ʻelima e hoʻohua i ka ʻōpala paʻa loa. Wahi a ka Vietnam Environmental Administration, ke piʻi nei ka nui o nā ʻōpala paʻa kulanakauhale i 10-16% i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
ʻOiai ʻo Vietnam e hoʻonui i ke kaʻina o ka ʻoihana a me ka urbanisation, i hui pū ʻia me ka hana kūpono ʻole a me ka hoʻokele ʻana o nā ʻāina ʻāina Vietnamese, ke hoʻomau nei ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka hana ʻana o nā ʻōpala weliweli. I kēia manawa, ma kahi o 85% o nā ʻōpala o Vietnam e kanu pono ʻia i nā wahi waiho ʻāina me ka ʻole o ka lapaʻau ʻana, 80% o ia mau mea kūpono ʻole a kumu i nā haumia o ke kaiapuni. No laila, makemake nui ʻo Vietnam i ka mālama ʻōpala kūpono. Ma Vietnam, ke hoʻonui nei ka hoʻopukapuka ʻana i ka ʻoihana hoʻokele ʻōpala.
No laila, he aha nā manawa ʻoihana e koi ai ka mākeke i kā Vietnam ʻoihana hoʻokele ʻōpala?
ʻO ka mea mua, aia ke koi no ka ʻenehana hana hou. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā ʻoihana hoʻopōʻaiapuni a me nā hana hoʻopōʻaiapuni ma Vietnam he ʻoihana ʻohana a ʻoihana liʻiliʻi paha me ka ʻenehana mua. I kēia manawa, hoʻohana pū ka hapanui o nā ʻoihana mokuʻāina i ʻenehana haole, a he mau ʻoihana nui nunui me nā lālā i Vietnam kā lākou ʻenehana ponoʻī. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā ʻenehana hoʻokele ʻōnaehana mai Singapore, Kina, ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me nā ʻāina ʻEulopa.
I ka manawa like, haʻahaʻa ka helu hoʻohana o ka ʻenehana hana hou i Vietnam. Nui a nui ka lumi no ka mākaʻikaʻi ʻana i ka makeke a me ka make ʻana o nā ʻano huahana ʻē aʻe.
Eia hou, me ka hoʻonui mau ʻana o ka hana hoʻokele waiwai a me ka pāpā ʻōpala o Kina, ua lilo ʻo Vietnam i hoʻokahi o nā mea kūʻai nui ʻehā o nā ʻōpala i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Pono e hana i ka nui nui o nā ʻōpala palolo, kahi e koi ai i nā ʻano hoʻokele pono kūpono.
Ma ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻōpala ʻōpala, manaʻo ʻia ka hana hou ʻana he koi nui i ka mālama ʻōpala o Vietnam a me kahi koho kūpono e hōʻemi ai i nā ʻōpala e komo i nā ʻāina pae.
Hoʻokipa pū ke aupuni Vietnamese i nā hana ʻoihana ʻōpala palolo ʻōpala a komo nui i loko o ia mau mea. Ke hoʻokolohua nei ke aupuni me nā ʻano hana hou like ʻole o ka hoʻokele ʻōpala paʻa, e like me ka paipai ʻana i ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻenehana neoneo-i-ikehu e hoʻohana piha i ka ʻōpala a hoʻolilo iā ia i kumuwaiwai kūpono, kahi e paipai hou ai i ka ikaika o ka mālama ʻōpala a hana nā manawa kūpono ʻoihana no ka hoʻopukapuka waho.
Paipai pū ke aupuni Vietnamese i nā kulekele mālama ʻōpala. ʻO kahi laʻana, hāʻawi ka formulate o ka National Waste Management Strategy i kahi kikoʻī kikoʻī no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi ʻoihana pōʻai. ʻO ka pahuhopu e hoʻokō i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻōpala piha e 2025. E alakaʻi kēia i nā kulekele kulekele i ka ʻoihana hana hou a kipaku iā ia. hoʻomohala o.
He mea kūpono nō hoʻi e haʻi aku ua hui pū nā mana nui o ka honua i nā pūʻali e hāpai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka hoʻokele waiwai i Vietnam. ʻO kahi laʻana, i ka mahina ʻo Iune 2019, ʻeiwa mau ʻoihana kaulana i nā huahana mea kūʻai mai a me nā ʻōpala hana i hoʻokumu i kahi hui hana hoʻopōʻaiapuni (PRO Vietnam) ma Vietnam, e ʻimi ana e hoʻolaulaha i ka hoʻokele waiwai a hoʻonui i ka maʻalahi a me ka hoʻomau o ka hoʻopōʻaiapuni ʻana.
ʻO nā lālā hoʻokumu ʻeiwa o kēia kuʻikahi ʻo Coca-Cola, FrieslandCampina, La Vie, Nestle, NutiFood, Suntory Pepsi, Tetra Pak, TH Group a me URC. ʻO PRO Vietnam ka māka mua o ka hana like ʻana o kēia mau hui like ʻole ma Vietnam a ke hana pū nei e hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kaiapuni ma Vietnam.
Paipai ka hui i ka hana hou ʻana ma o nā hana nui ʻehā, e like me ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka ʻike hoʻopōʻaiapuni, hoʻonui ʻana i ke kaiaola hōʻiliʻili ʻōpala ʻōpala, ke kākoʻo ʻana i nā papahana hana hou no nā mea hana a me nā mea hoʻohana hou, a me ka laulima pū ʻana me ke aupuni e paipai i nā hana hoʻopōʻaiapuni, e hoʻokumu ana i nā manawa kūpono i ka hana hoʻopōʻaiapuni post-consumer no nā kānaka pākahi. a me nā hui, etc.
Lana ka manaʻo o nā lālā o PRO Vietnam e ʻohi, hana hou, a hoʻopōʻaiapuni i nā pono āpau a ko lākou lālā i kau ai ma ka mākeke e 2030.
ʻO nā mea i luna aʻe nei i lawe mai i ka vitality i ka ʻōpala hana ʻōpala hana, paipai i ka standardization, pālākiō a me ka sustainable o ka ʻoihana, a no laila lawe mai ulu kūpono kūpono no nā ʻoihana.
ʻO kahi ʻikepili o kēia ʻatikala i hōʻuluʻulu ʻia mai ka Chamber of Commerce Hong Kong ma Vietnam.
