A. Gcwalisa imibuzo engenalutho: (1 iphuzu lombuzo ngamunye, amaphuzu ayi-134 esewonke)
1. Umshini wokubumba umjovo ungahlukaniswa ube yizinhlelo ezine ezinkulu, izinhlelo ezine ezinkulu yilezi: umjovo wohlelo, ukuvulwa kwesikhunta nohlelo lokuvala, uhlelo lokudlulisa ama-hydraulic, kanye nohlelo lokulawula ugesi.
2. Izinga lokushisa ekubunjweni komjovo yilezi: ukushisa komgqomo, ukushisa kwesikhunta, ukushisa kokomisa, ukushisa kukawoyela wokubacindezela, kanye nezinga lokushisa kuma.
3. Izindlela zokuqinisa umshini wokubumba umjovo yilezi: uhlobo lwengcindezi eqondile, uhlobo lwenhlaka, njll.
4. Isikhathi sokubumba umjovo sisho: isikhathi somjovo, isikhathi sokubamba ingcindezi, isikhathi sokupholisa, isikhathi somjikelezo, isikhathi sokuvikela ingcindezi, njll.
5. Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zemishini yokubumba umjovo waseJapan zifaka phakathi: iNissei, iNippon Steel, iFanuc, iSumitomo, iToshiba, njll.
6. Isikulufa somshini wokubumba umjovo sihlukaniswe izigaba ezintathu: isigaba sokuqala isigaba sokudla, isigaba esiphakathi yisigabaseplastikhi, kuthi isigaba sangemuva isigabasemitha.
7. Imbobo yeglue yemodeli ingahlukaniswa: iphoyinti lokunamathisela, iglue fan, iglue efakiwe, umgijimi oshisayo, iglue eqondile, njll.
8. Igama lamakhemikhali lezinto ze-PC yilokhu: i-polycarbonate, eyaziwa kakhulu nge-bulletproof rubber, ithempelesha yokubumba engu-260-320 ℃, ukushisa kokumisa okungu-100-120 ℃.
9. Izingxenye eziyinhloko zezinto zokusetshenziswa zepulasitiki zingama-resin. Amapulasitiki amane wobunjiniyela asetshenziswa kakhulu yi: PC, ABS, PA, ne-POM.
10.Izinga lokushisa lengilazi le-PC lingu-140 ℃, izinga lokuncipha lingu-0.4% -0.8%; izinga lokushisa lokumisa lingama-110 ± 5 ℃
11. Ngokuya ngezizathu, izinhlobo zemikhiqizo yepulasitiki zingahlukaniswa zibe: ukucindezela okushisayo, ukucindezela kwezicubu, kanye nengcindezi engaphelele.
12. Kunezindlela ezintathu zokuhlola ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi kwemikhiqizo: ithuluzi, umthelela, nomuthi;
13. Ukushisa okuphelele komthombo wokushisa kunqubo yokulinganisa ngomjovo: ukushisa kwe-convection, ukushisa kokuqhuba, ukushisa kwe-shear, ukushisa kokushayisana;
14. Indlela yokuxhuma eyiyo yomgwaqo wokuhambisa isikhunta kufanele kube: ukuxhumana okukodwa nokukodwa kontanga;
15. Yiziphi izigaba ezintathu ezinkulu zengcindezi emuva: umthamo wepulasitiki, ikhwalithi yeplastikhi, nokunemba kwepulasitiki;
16. Isikhathi sokuhlanza ebusweni besikhunta ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza: 2H / isikhathi
17. Omaplastikhi abane abaziwa ngobunjiniyela yilezi: PC, POM, PA, PBT.
18. Ukumiswa okujwayelekile kokuxegiswa kwesikulufa lapho kwakhiwa imikhiqizo enemba kakhulu emshinini we-100T yile: 3-5mm
I-19.7S isho: ukuqoqa, ukulungisa, ukushanela, ukuhlanza, ukufunda nokubhala, ukuphepha nokonga.
20. Isikhathi sokugcwaliswa kombiko wansuku zonke ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza ngu: 2H / isikhathi.
21. Ngenkathi kulayishwa isikhunta, isikhunta lapho ubukhulu bomphimbo saso sidlula ama-40MM, sidinga ukubuyisela umbhobho oweluliwe
22. Ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi wukucindezeleka okudalwe yilokho okubhalwe ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali acwebezelayo, ukuma, ukuncipha nezinye izizathu lapho kungekho mandla angaphandle
23. Isikulufa somshini wokubumba umjovo singahlukaniswa ngesigaba sokuhambisa, isigaba sokuminyanisa nesigabasemitha
24. Uma kunokuphambuka kwekhwalithi ekukhiqizweni, umholi weqembu uzocela uchwepheshe ukuthi abhekane nakho kungakapheli imizuzu eyi-10 ngemuva kokuthola imininingwane esezingeni esezingeni eliphakeme. Uma uchwepheshe engakwazi ukuyixazulula kungakapheli ihora elilodwa, kufanele abike enduneni. Uma induna ingakwazi ukuyixazulula kungakapheli amahora amabili, kufanele ibike kumphathi wesigaba. Uma umphathi wesigaba engakwazi ukuxazulula inkinga kungakapheli amahora ama-4, kufanele abikele umphathi wezomnotho (iphini).
25. Yiziphi izinhlobo ezidinga ukwenziwa kwesikhunta ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza? Ifomu lokulungisa isikhunta, ifomu lokuphatha lesikhunta, umbiko wansuku zonke wokukhiqiza.
26. Imvamisa ukuchezukiswa kokuthululelwa kwesikhunta kwenziwa umgijimi omkhulu, umgijimi, isango kanye nomsizi obandayo kahle
27. Ukukhubazeka okuvamile okuthinta imikhiqizo ebunjiwe yomjovo kufaka phakathi iziqongo ze-batch, ukungabi khona kwe-glue, ukuncipha, amamaki okugeleza, amamaki e-weld, ukusonteka, amamaki okuxineka, kanye nezinguquko ezenziwa ngamehlo.
28. Umthombo wokushisa wenqubo yokufaka metering yangaphambi kwepulasitiki _ ukushisa kokushayisana nokushisa okunamandla ngaphakathi kwepulasitiki, ukushisa kwento yokushisa.
29. Imvamisa ivolumu yomjovo ibekwe kahle phakathi kuka-30% ~ 85% wevolumu ephezulu yomjovo womshini wokubumba umjovo.
30. Uma izinga lokushisa lesikhunta lihlukile, isicwebezelisi somkhiqizo sizohluka. Lapho imbobo yesikhunta ingumbala oqoshiwe, uma izinga lokushisa lesikhunta liphakeme, i-sol ifanela indawo yomgogodla ngokuqina, futhi umkhiqizo obunjiwe womjovo ubukeka buhle ngokwengeziwe, ngaphandle kwalokho isicwebezelisi siyovumelana kakhulu. Izinga lokushisa lesikhunta lihlala njalo.
31. Isilinganiso sokucindezelwa kwesikulufu sikhulu, ukujiya kwamapelisi kuzoba kukhulu, ukushesha kokudlulisa ukushisa phakathi kwama-pellets, kuba ngcono umphumela wokusabalala kwempuphu, kepha kukhula ukumelana kokudlulisa futhi kuncane inani le-plasticization.
32. Umsebenzi omkhulu we-anti-pinch valve ukuvimbela ukugeleza kwepulasitiki emuva ngesikhathi sokubumba umjovo kanye nesiteji sokubamba ingcindezi.
33. Ukubamba iswishi yengcindezi sekwedlule isikhathi kuzodala ukuthi ingcindezi yomjovo ikhule, futhi ibane.
34. I-POM ifushanisiwe njenge-polyoxymethylene ngesiShayina. Kuyinto yokwakheka okuyi-semi-crystalline enokuqina okuhle kobukhulu. Izinga lokushisa elincibilikayo lingasethwa phakathi kuka-190-210 ℃, kanti izinga lokushisa lesikhunta kufanele libe likhulu kune-90 ℃.
35. Uma ingxenye yepulasitiki incipha, isinyathelo sokuqala kufanele kube ubuncane besamba esisele.
36. Veza amagama ezingxenye zohlelo lokugcwalisa: 1. Umbhobho, 2. Isikulufa, 3. Indandatho engabuyisi 4. Umgqomo 5. Isikulufa 6. Indandatho yokushisa 7. Indandatho yokupholisa. Isikulufa somshini wokubumba umjovo singahlukaniswa ngesigaba sokuhambisa, isigaba sokuminyanisa nesigabasemitha
37. Ukushisa okuphelele komthombo wokushisa kunqubo yokulinganisa yomjovo: ukushisa kwe-convection, ukushisa kokuqhuba, ukushisa kwe-shear, ukushisa kokushayisana;
38. Izinto zokusetshenziswa zepulasitiki zingahlukaniswa zibe amapulasitiki e-thermoplastic kanye ne-thermosetting plastiki ngokusho kwezindlela zazo ezahlukahlukene zokushisa.
39. Lapho umshini wokubumba umjovo wokubacindezela usebenza, izinga lokushisa likawoyela wokubacindezela kufanele lilawulwe phakathi kuka-20-65 ° C.
40. Kwisikhunta esinesikhunta esinezitsha ezintathu kanye nesikhunta samaplaten amane anebhande langaphandle nokukhawulwa komkhawulo, kufanele unake ukusetha ibanga lokukhishwa
41. Ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi ukucindezeleka okwenziwe ngaphakathi kwento ngenxa ye-crystallization kanye ne-orientation lapho kungekho amandla angaphandle.
Imibuzo eminingi yokukhetha (amaphuzu amabili embuzweni ngamunye, amaphuzu angama-40 esewonke)
1. Ama-plastiki alandelayo amakristalu ngu (C) A. ABS B.PMMA C.PA66 D.PVC
2. Uma kuqhathaniswa namaplastikhi angewona amakhemikhali, amaplastikhi amakhemikhali (A) A. I-crystalline shrinkage inkulu B. Ukuncipha kwepulasitiki kwe-Amorphous kukhulu
3. Ekubumbeni ngomjovo ngokunemba, inani eliyinsalela elijwayelekile lisethelwe ku- (B) A.0-2MM B.3MM-5MM C.7MM-10MM
4. Ngezinto ze-PC, (A) kufanele isetshenziselwe ukuthuthukisa uketshezi. A. Khulisa izinga lokushisa lomjovo B. Khulisa isivinini somjovo
5. Lapho ikhwalithi ephezulu yomkhiqizo idingeka ukuba ibe phezulu noma lapho kudingeka khona ukugwema ukusabalalisa i-viscosity nokukhubazeka okuzungezayo ngesikhathi somjovo, isilinganiso senjovo engu- ______ kanye nengcindezi engu- ______ kuvame ukusetshenziswa. (C) A. phezulu, phansi B. phezulu, phezulu C. phansi, phezulu D. phansi, phansi
6.Ukubumba umjovo kuyindlela yokubumba yokwenza kahle kokukhiqiza (C). A, B ephansi, C ejwayelekile, ephezulu
7. Ngemuva kokufaka i-fiber fiber ku-PA, uketshezi lokuncibilika kwalo ngu (C) uma kuqhathaniswa ne-PA yasekuqaleni. A, okungashintshiwe B, ukwandisa C, ukwehla
8. Ukushisa komgqomo lapho kufakwa i-ABS ngu (A). A, 180 ～ 230 ℃ B, 230 ～ 280 ℃ C, 280 ～ 330 ℃
9. Umthetho wokusabalalisa izinga lokushisa lomgqomo womshini wokubumba umjovo kusuka ku-hopper kuya kusiqondiso sombhobho (A). A, ukwandisa kancane kancane B, kancane kancane wehlise u-C, uphakeme emaphethelweni womabili futhi uphansi maphakathi
10. I-arc radius yombhobho inkulu kune-radius ye-sprue enkulu, izokhiqiza (A). A. Ukuncibilika kwe-Melt, i-flash yomkhiqizo C, ukukhubazeka komkhiqizo D, konke lokhu okungenhla
11. Isizathu esiyinhloko sobunzima ekudicileleni phansi imikhiqizo ebunjiwe ngomjovo ngu (C). A. Izinga lokushisa lokuncibilika liphezulu kakhulu. B. Isikhathi sokupholisa side kakhulu. C. Isakhiwo sesikhunta sakhiwe ngokungafanele.
12. Lapho ujova i-thermoplastics, uma izinga lokushisa lesikhunta liphezulu kakhulu, umkhiqizo uzokhiqizwa (C). A. Umkhiqizo unamathela kusikhunta B, umkhiqizo unephethini yokuhlangana C, umkhiqizo une-flash
13. Indlela ezosetshenziselwa isikhundla sokuqina kanye nohlelo lwejubane ngu (A): A, slow-fast-slow B fast-medium-slow C slow-medium-fast D slow-fast-medium
14. I-viscosity yempahla ye-PC ingu (B), futhi isivinini sayo semitha kufanele sisethwe ngokuya nge- (B); I-viscosity ephezulu B viscosity ephakathi C viscosity ephansi
15. Kumapharamitha alandelayo, (D) angavala isikhunta somjovo ngokuqinile. A, ingcindezi yomjovo B, ukubamba ingcindezi C, ingcindezi yomgodi D, amandla okubamba
16. Lapho izinga lokushisa lesikhunta liphezulu, ikhwalithi yekhwalithi kufanele ibe (D); Ukuhleleka okuhle B ukuzinza okuhle kobukhulu C ukuncipha okuhle D ukubukeka okuhle
17. Ikhwalithi yesikhundla sokugcwalisa ngokweqile kulula ukuvela (B); A ibhajwe B, i-burr C inkulu ngosayizi
18. PC impahla, ongaphakeme isikhunta lokushisa, ongaphakeme ukugcwaliswa ingcindezi, umkhiqizo kulula ukuvela (B); Ulayini omkhulu wokubambelela B ukungabi nalutho kwekhwalithi C engazinzile
19. Yiziphi izimo zezinqubo ezilunge kakhulu uma ujove imikhiqizo enezindonga ezincane (C); Isibhamu esifushane esingu-B esisheshayo uC esheshayo
20. Izinga lokushisa lesikhunta liphezulu, futhi izinga lokushisa lezinto ezibonakalayo liphezulu, futhi umkhiqizo uthambekele esimweni (B); I-de B air batch front c deformation
Imibuzo engakhethwa kaningi: (3 amaphuzu wombuzo ngamunye, amaphuzu ayi-15 esewonke)
Susa umugqa we-weld womkhiqizo: (A C D E F) Ukwandisa izinga lokushisa le-resin B ukunciphisa ukushisa kwesikhunta C ukwandisa umfutho womjovo D ukusheshisa ijubane lomjovo E ukuthuthukisa ukukhipha F kuthuthukisa ukugeleza kwenhlaka
2. Indlela yokwenza ngcono ukusonteka okusontayo komkhiqizo yile: (ACFG) A, ukunciphisa ingcindezi B, ukwandisa ingcindezi yokubamba C, ukunciphisa isikhathi sokubamba D, ukwandisa umjovo E, ukunciphisa isikhathi sokupholisa F, ukunciphisa isikhunta izinga lokushisa G, bese wehlisa ijubane lokukhishwa
3. Izakhiwo ezibonakalayo ze-PA66 kufanele kube: (A), (B); A, crystalline, B, ezishisayo, C, non-crystalline, D, non-ezishisayo
4. Izakhiwo ze-PMMA kufanele zibe (C), (D); Umphumela we-crystalline B wokushisa C non-crystalline D umphumela ongashisi
5. Vula ukushisa komgijimi oshisayo kusengaphambili (B); lapho abasebenzi kudingeka bahambe (C) cisha umgijimi oshisayo A imizuzu emihlanu B imizuzu engu-10 C imizuzu engu-15 D imizuzu engu-20
D. Iqiniso noma Amanga (Umbuzo 1 iphuzu, amaphuzu ayi-8 esewonke)
1. Inqubo yokubeka ukupholisa iqala ukusuka esangweni "ukubamba ingcindezi" kuze kube yilapho umkhiqizo udilizwa. Ngemuva kokususwa kwengcindezi yokubamba, ukuncibilika emgodini kuyaqhubeka nokuphola nokwakheka, ukuze umkhiqizo ukwazi ukumelana nokusonteka okuvunyelwe ngesikhathi sokukhishwa. ()
2. Umbiko wokukhiqiza wansuku zonke kuphela odinga ukwenziwa ngesikhathi senqubo yokuhlola umkhiqizo ()
3. Ukuvama kokuhlolwa kwe-CTQ ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza kungu-6 / isikhathi ()
4. Khulisa ukushisa kwesikhunta, unciphise ukuncipha kwangemva kokuncipha, futhi unciphise izinguquko ezilinganiselwe (kwesokudla).
5. Ukusatshalaliswa okuhle kakhulu kwejubane lomjovo kwenza ukuncibilika kugudle indawo yesango ngezinga elincane ukugwema amamaki okufafaza nokucindezela ngokweqile kwe-shear, bese kwandisa izinga lokugeleza ukugcwalisa ingxenye enkulu yesikhunta ngokuncibilika. (Kulungile)
6. Ekukhiqizeni okuzenzakalelayo ngokuphelele, uma i-manipulator ingawukhiphi umkhiqizo, ama-alamu we-manipulator, qala ucishe i-alamu ye-manipulator. (akulungile).
7. Ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo ekhiqizwa emini nasebusuku yehlukile. Inkinga ilele ekushiseni okungazinzile kwesikhunta nemvelo. (Kulungile)
8. Okukhudlwana indawo enqamulelayo yesiteshi sokugeleza, kunikela kakhudlwana ekudlulisweni kwengcindezi, futhi kuvele nomphumela wokudla. (akulungile)
E. Imibuzo nezimpendulo: (amaphuzu ayi-5 embuzweni ngamunye, imibuzo eyi-10 isiyonke)
Yiziphi izizathu zocingo lwesiliva?
Impendulo. 2. Indaba ayomile ngokuphelele; 3. Ingcindezi incane kakhulu; 4. I-resin ibolile; 5. Ukushisa kwesikhunta nokushisa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kuphansi; 6. Ijubane lokugcwalisa lihamba kancane.
2. Isikhathi sokushisa somgijimi oshisayo sinde kakhulu, futhi sizoqala ukukhiqiza futhi. Yini okufanele uyenze njengochwepheshe ngalesi sikhathi?
Impendulo: Okokuqala, dubula isikhunta esingu-3-4 ngoshubhu wezinto ongenalutho, bese uqondanisa umbhobho nombhobho, bese uvula isikhunta, bese uvimba isikhunta sangemuva ngocezu lwekhadibhodi ukuvimbela ukubola kwento ukuthi ingadutshulwa isikhunta sangemuva. Kunzima ukuhlanza. Uma unganakile, kuzodala isikhunta sengcindezi. .
3. Kungani uhlanza indawo ye-PL ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza okujwayelekile? kungani?
Impendulo: Ubuso besikhunta ekukhiqizeni okujwayelekile kuthanda ugesi ongaguquguquki. Ezinye izicucu zenjoloba nezicucu zensimbi ziwela onqenqemeni lwetayipi lapho ukuvulwa kwesikhunta kuvalwa futhi kuvaliwe, okungadala umonakalo kofile.
4. Yiziphi izici ezibucayi ezivela endaweni yokuhlukanisa?
Impendulo: Ukushisa kwesikhunta nokushisa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kuphakeme kakhulu, ingcindezi yokugcwalisa iphezulu, isivinini sokugcwalisa siyashesha, ingcindezi yokubamba iyashesha, ingcindezi yokubamba inkulu, indawo yokugcwalisa isetshenziswe sekwephuze kakhulu, ingcindezi yokubamba ayanele, futhi i-tonnage yomshini inkulu.
5. Yiziphi izinto ezibangela ikhwalithi nosayizi ongazinzile?
Impendulo: Izinga lokushisa lesikhunta liphezulu kakhulu, isikhathi sokupholisa sifushane, izinga lokushisa elincane alizinzile, izinga lokushisa lamanzi elipholile alizinzile, izinga lokushisa likawoyela elisebenzayo alizinzile, iringi ephikisayo ilimele kakhulu, izinga lokushisa lomgqomo alijwayelekile, ikhanda elibandayo le-glue likhulu kakhulu, izinhlayiya ze-resin ezingalingani ngosayizi.
6. Ukuvikelwa kwesikhunta, yiziphi izici okufanele uzicabangele njengenduna yezobuchwepheshe?
Impendulo: Ukuzwela kokushintshwa komkhawulo, amandla okucindezela amandla aphansi, isivinini sokuminyana okuphansi, amandla okubamba amandla aphansi, nesikhathi sokuqapha sokubambela kusethwe ukuthi sihambe kancane, sibe sincane futhi sibe ngcono.
7. Kungani umshini ungemiswa ngokungahleliwe lapho ulungisa ukunemba kobukhulu lapho uvuliwe?
Impendulo: Kuzoba nomehluko wokushisa kwe-resin kanye ne-viscosity. Kuzoba nokwehluka kokushisa kwesikhunta, kube nzima ukulawula ukunemba kobukhulu, okuholele esikhathini eside sokulungiswa, ukulahleka kwezinto ezibonakalayo, nokusebenza kahle okuphansi kokukhiqiza.
8. Ekukhiqizeni okujwayelekile, izinga lokushisa nengcindezi akunakushintshwa ngokuthanda. Kungani?
Impendulo: Ingcindezi ithinta izinga lokushisa kukawoyela, izinga lokushisa lamanzi abandayo, izinga lokushisa lomgqomo, izinga lokushisa lesikhunta nezinye izinguquko isikhathi eside, imvamisa ngaphezu kuka-3-4H ukuze uzinze, uma kukhona ukuguqulwa, ikhwalithi kufanele kuqinisekisiwe ngokuqhubekayo.
9. Lapho ikhwalithi ingajwayelekile, uma inqubo yemingcele idinga ukuguqulwa, yisiphi isikhathi okufanele sikhishwe ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa?
Impendulo: Okokuqala, isikhathi sokugcina ingcindezi kufanele sikhishwe, futhi ukuhlaziywa kufanele kuqalwe kushidi lenjoloba.
10. Ikhwalithi ayizinzile, yiziphi izici ezingabonakala kumshini?
Impendulo: Isikhundla sokugcwalisa, isikhathi sokugcwalisa, isikhathi sokulinganisa, ukugcwalisa ingcindezi yangempela netafula lokuphathwa kwekhwalithi yomshini kungabonakala.
F. Imibuzo yokuhlaziya: (amaphuzu ayi-10 embuzweni ngamunye, imibuzo eyi-6 isiyonke)
Ayini amalungiselelo ngaphambi komjovo wokubumba?
1) Ukufaka izimo ezijwayelekile zokubumba
2) Preheating futhi omiswe izinto
3) Preheating isikhunta
4) Ukuhlanzwa komgqomo
2. Yiziphi izinto ezibangela ukungazinzi kobukhulu bezingxenye zepulasitiki?
Impendulo: Izici ezibangela ukungazinzi kobukhulu bezingxenye zepulasitiki yilezi:
1) Uhlelo lukagesi nolubacindezela lomshini wokujova aluqinile;
2) Inani yokudla engazinzile;
3) Izinhlayiya zeplastiki ezingalingani kanye nokuncipha okungazinzile;
4) Izimo zokubumba (izinga lokushisa, ingcindezi, isikhathi) ziyashintsha, futhi umjikelezo wokubumba awuhambisani;
5) Isango lincane kakhulu, ubukhulu bembobo yokuphakela enezinhlangothi eziningi akuhambelani, futhi okuphakelayo akulinganiswanga;
6) Ukunemba okungalungile kwesikhunta, ukunyakaza okungazinzile kwezingxenye ezihambayo kanye nokuma okungalungile.
3. Ekuklanyweni kwesikhunta somjovo, yini indima yokulungiswa kokushisa kwesikhunta?
1) Ukulungiswa kwamazinga okushisa kubhekisela ekupholiseni noma ekushiseni isikhunta somjovo.
2) Ukulungiswa kwethempelesha akuhlobene kuphela nokunemba kobukhulu bengxenye yepulasitiki, izakhiwo zomshini wengxenye yepulasitiki nekhwalithi ephezulu yengxenye yepulasitiki, kepha futhi nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa komjovo. Ngakho-ke, izinga lokushisa lesikhunta kufanele lilawulwe ezingeni elifanele ngokusho kwezidingo. Ukuze kuzuzwe izingxenye zepulasitiki ezisezingeni eliphakeme nokukhiqiza okuphezulu.
4. Yini ukuncipha kwepulasitiki, futhi yiziphi izinto eziyisisekelo ezithinta ukuncipha kwepulasitiki?
Impendulo: Ngemuva kokuthi ipulasitiki ikhishwe kwisikhunta futhi ipholile iye ekamelweni lokushisa, isici sokuncipha kobukhulu sibizwa ngokuthi ukuncipha. Njengoba lokhu kuncipha kungabangelwa nje kuphela ukwanda nokushisa kwe-resin uqobo, kepha futhi kuhlobene nezici ezahlukahlukene zokubumba, ukuncipha kwengxenye yepulasitiki ngemuva kokubumba kubizwa ngokuthi ukubumba ukuncipha. Izici eziyinhloko ezithinta izinga lokuncipha zifaka:
1) Izinhlobo zeplastiki;
2) Isakhiwo sepulasitiki;
3) Isakhiwo sesikhunta;
4) inqubo yokubumba.
5. Sicela uchaze kafushane indima yengcindezi emuva. (Amaphuzu angu-10)
1) Qinisekisa ukuthi amandla akhiqizwayo anele angancibilika ancibilike futhi ahlanganise ipulasitiki
2) Khipha amagesi ashintshashintshayo afaka umoya ovela kumbhobho wezinto ezibonakalayo
3) Hlanganisa izithasiselo (njenge-toner, umbala we-masterbatch, i-antistatic agent, i-talcum powder, njll) bese uncibilika ngokulinganayo
4) Yenza ububanzi bokugeleza buhluke futhi usize ukuvumelanisa ukuncibilika kobude besikulufu
5) Nikeza ngomfaniswano futhi uzinzile izinto zepulasitiki ukuthola ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo enembile
6. Uma izindawo ezimnyama zivame ukukhiqizwa lapho kukhiqizwa imikhiqizo emhlophe noma esobala, uzoyixazulula kanjani? (Sicela uchaze kafushane imibono yakho yesisombululo) (amaphuzu angama-20)
1) Lungisa inqubo yokulungiselela impahla: gwema ukungcoliswa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa bese usetha izimo zokomisa ezifanele;
2) Shintsha ukwakheka kwesikhunta: abagijimi abancane kakhulu abame mpo, abagijimi, amasango ngisho nosayizi wodonga lwezingxenye zepulasitiki kungahle kukhiqize ukushisa okushebe ngokweqile, okuzobangela ukuthi okokushisa okushisayo kushise kakhulu futhi kubangele ukuqhekeka. Ungazama ukukhulisa abagijimi abaqondile, abagijimi, amasango;
3) Hlanza isikhunta kanye isikulufa njalo: uhlelo umgijimi kanye isikulufa ebusweni kufanele zihlanzwe noma iphucuziwe njalo ukugwema ukungcola zanqwabelana;
4) Khetha ukucaciswa komshini wokubumba ofanele isikhunta: Uma ukhetha isikulufa esifanele ipulasitiki esetshenzisiwe, ivolumu yomjovo ngokuvamile igcinwa ngaphakathi kwe-20% -80% yemininingwane, bese uhlola ukuthi ipuleti lokushisa noma i-heater okungavumelekile;
5) Lungisa izimo zokubumba: njengokunciphisa ukushisa kokushisa komgqomo, ukwehlisa ingcindezi yangemuva nesivinini sesikulufu, njll.
