IWarpage ibhekisa kukutenxa kubume bemveliso yenaliti ebunjiweyo ukusuka kubume bomngundo. Esinye seziphene eziqhelekileyo kwiimveliso zeplastiki. Zininzi izizathu zephepha lemfazwe kunye nokuchasana, okungasombululwa yinkqubo yeparamitha yodwa. Oku kulandelayo luhlalutyo olufutshane lwezinto ezichaphazela i-warpage kunye ne-deformation yeemveliso ezibunjiweyo zenaliti.
Impembelelo yesakhiwo sokubumba kwimveliso yemfazwe kunye nokuguqulwa.
Ngokwezinto zokubumba, izinto eziphambili ezichaphazela ukuguqulwa kwamalungu eplastiki kugalela inkqubo, inkqubo yokupholisa kunye nenkqubo yokukhutshwa.
(1) Inkqubo yokugalela.
Indawo, ubume kunye nobungakanani besango leenaliti yenaliti ziya kuchaphazela imeko yokugcwalisa kweplastikhi kumngxunya wokungunda, okukhokelela ekubeni kuguqulwe imveliso yeplastiki. Okukhona umgama onyibilikayo unyibilika, kokukhona uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi lubangelwa kukuhamba kunye nokondla phakathi kocingo olukhenkcezisiweyo kunye nongqameko lokuhamba okuphakathi; umfutshane umgama wokuhamba, lifutshane ixesha lokuhamba ukusuka kwi-winding ukuya esiphelweni sokuhamba kwemveliso, kunye nobukhulu bomaleko okhenkcezisiweyo ngexesha lokuzaliswa kwesikhunta, uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi luyancitshiswa, kunye nokuchithwa kwemfazwe kuya kuncitshiswa kakhulu. Ngamanye amalungu eplastiki, ukuba isango elinye kuphela elisetyenzisiweyo, kungenxa yesalathiso sedayamitha. Izinga lokuncipha kwe-BU likhulu kunexabiso lokuncipha kwicala elijikelezileyo, kwaye iinxalenye zeplastikhi ezibunjiweyo ziya kukhubazeka; ukuba kusetyenziswa amasango eendawo ezininzi okanye amasango ohlobo lwefilimu, i-warping deformation inokuthintelwa ngokufanelekileyo. Xa iingcango zenqaku zisetyenziselwa ukubumba, nangenxa ye-anisotropy yokuncipha kweplastiki, indawo kunye nenani lamasango anefuthe elikhulu kwinqanaba lokumka kweemveliso zeplastiki. Ukwengeza. Ukusetyenziswa kokuguquguquka okuninzi kunokunciphisa umndilili wokuhamba kweplastiki (L / t), ngokwenza oko kunyibilike ukuxinana kwisisu ngokufana ngakumbi kunye nokuncipha ngakumbi. Kwiimveliso zonyaka, ngenxa yeemilo ezahlukeneyo zesango, inqanaba elifanayo lemveliso yokugqibela liyachaphazeleka. Xa yonke imveliso yeplastikhi ingagcwaliswa phantsi koxinzelelo oluncinci lwenaliti, uxinzelelo oluncinci lwenaliti lunokunciphisa ukutyekela kokuziqhelanisa nemolekyuli yeplastiki kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi. Ngoko ke, deformation yeplastiki zingancipha.
(2) Ukupholisa inkqubo.
Ngexesha lenkqubo yenaliti, inqanaba lokupholisa elingalinganiyo leemveliso zeplastikhi liya kuchaphazela nokuncipha okungalinganiyo kweeplastikhi. Lo mahluko kwi-shrinkage ukhokelela ekuvelisweni kwexesha lokuguqa kunye nokulwa kwemveliso. Ukuba umahluko lobushushu phakathi kwisisu sokubumbela kunye nomongo osetyenzisiweyo ekubunjweni kwenaliti yeemveliso ezicaba (ezinje ngeebhetri zebhetri yefowuni) mkhulu kakhulu, unyibilike kufutshane nomngundo obandayo uya kuphola ngokukhawuleza, ngelixa izinto zisondele Isikhunta esishushu esishushu Iqokobhe lomaleko liza kuqhubeka ukuncipha, kwaye ukuncipha okungalinganiyo kuya kubangela ukuba imveliso iye intsontelo. Ke ngoko, ukupholisa ukubumba ngenaliti kufuneka kuthathele ingqalelo ibhalansi phakathi kobushushu bomqolo kunye nomongo, kwaye umahluko wobushushu phakathi kwezi zimbini akufuneki ube mkhulu kakhulu (kule meko, oomatshini bobushushu besikhunta bobabini banokuqwalaselwa).
Ukongeza ekuqwalaseleni ubushushu bangaphakathi nangaphandle bemveliso buhlala bulungelelana. Ukungaguquguquki kobushushu kwicala ngalinye kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo, oko kukuthi, iqondo lobushushu kwisisu kunye nomongo kufuneka ugcinwe ngokufanayo njengoko kunokwenzeka xa umngundo upholile, ukuze izinga lokupholisa iinxalenye zeplastiki zilungelelaniswe, ukuze ukuncipha kwamalungu ahlukeneyo kufane ngakumbi kwaye kuyasebenza kumhlaba wokuthintela ukuvela. Ke ngoko, ulungelelwaniso lwemingxunya yokupholisa amanzi ekubumbeni kubaluleke kakhulu, kubandakanya ukupholisa umngxuma wamanzi ubukhulu d, isithubasemingxuma yamanzi b, udonga lombhobho kumgama womda womhlaba c kunye nobukhulu bemveliso yodonga w. Emva kokuba umgama phakathi kodonga lombhobho kunye nomphezulu womhlaba umiselwe, umgama phakathi kwemingxunya yokupholisa amanzi kufuneka ube mncinci ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukufana kweqondo lobushushu eludongeni lwerabha olubunjiweyo; Ingxaki ekufuneka ihlawulwe xa kugqitywa isangqa somngxunya wokupholisa amanzi kukuba nokuba ubungakanani bomngundo bungakanani na, ububanzi bomngxunya wamanzi awunakuba mkhulu kune-14mm, kungenjalo isipholisi soze senze ukuhamba ngokuxokozela. Ngokubanzi, ububanzi bomngxunya wamanzi unokumiselwa ngokobungakanani bodonga lwemveliso, xa ubukhulu bendonga obuyi-2mm. Ububanzi bomngxuma wamanzi ngu-8-10mm; xa ubukhulu bodonga obuyi-2-4mm, ububanzi bomngxunya wamanzi bu-10-12mm; xa ubukhulu bodonga obuyi-4-6mm, ububanzi bomngxunya wamanzi yi-10-14mm, njengoko kubonisiwe kumzobo 4-3 kubonisiwe. Kwangelo xesha, kuba ubushushu bendawo yokupholisa inyuka ngokonyuka kobude bejelo lokupholisa amanzi, umahluko wobushushu phakathi komngxunya kunye nomongo wokubumba wenziwa ecaleni komjelo wamanzi. Ke ngoko, ubude bamjelo wamanzi kwisekethe nganye yokupholisa kufuneka ibe ngaphantsi kwe-2m. Iisekethe ezininzi zokupholisa kufuneka zifakwe kwisikhunta esikhulu, kwaye ukungena kwesekethe enye kubekwe kufutshane nakwezinye iziphaluka. Kwiindawo ezide zeplastiki, kufuneka kusetyenziswe imijelo yamanzi ngqo. Uninzi lwezixhobo zethu zokubumba zisebenzisa ii-loops ezimile okwe-S, ezingakulungelanga ukujikeleza kunye nokwandisa umjikelo.
(3) Inkqubo yokukhutshwa.
Uyilo lwenkqubo ye-ejector ikwachaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukuguqulwa kweemveliso zeplastiki. Ukuba inkqubo yokukhutshwa ayinakulungelelaniswa, iya kubangela ukungalingani kumandla okukhutshwa kunye nokukhubaza imveliso yeplastiki. Ke ngoko, xa kuyilwa inkqubo yokukhutshwa, amandla okukhutshwa kufuneka alungelelaniswe nokumelana nokukhutshwa. Ukongeza, indawo enqamlezayo yentonga ye-ejector ayinakuba ncinci kakhulu ekuthinteleni imveliso yeplastiki ukuba ingakhubazeki ngenxa yomkhosi ogqithisileyo kwindawo nganye yeyunithi (ngakumbi xa iqondo lokudiliza liphezulu). Ukulungiswa kwentonga ye-ejector kufuneka ikufutshane nenxalenye yokuxhathisa okuphezulu. Kwinqanaba lokungachaphazeli umgangatho weemveliso zeplastiki (kubandakanya iimfuno zokusetyenziswa, ukuchaneka kwamacala, ukubonakala, njl.njl.), Izinto ezininzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka kufuneka zisetelwe ukunciphisa ukusilela ngokubanzi kweemveliso zeplastiki (esi sizathu sokutshintsha intonga ephezulu kwibhloko ephezulu).
Xa iiplastiki ezithambileyo (ezinje nge-TPU) zisetyenziselwa ukuvelisa izinto ezinqatyisiweyo zangaphakathi zeplastikhi, ngenxa yokumelana nokudilika okukhulu kunye nezinto ezithambileyo, ukuba kusetyenziswa indlela enye yokuchithwa, iimveliso zeplastiki ziya kukhubazeka. Nokuba ukunxiba okuphezulu okanye ukugoba kubangela ukuba iimveliso zeplastiki zikhutshwe. Kule meko, kuya kuba ngcono ukutshintshela kwindibaniselwano yezinto ezininzi okanye ukudityaniswa koxinzelelo lwegesi (hydraulic) kunye nokukhutshwa ngomatshini.
