A. Tsarin polypropylene (PP) aikin gyare-gyaren allura
Ruwan PP don dalilai daban-daban ya bambanta, kuma yawan kuɗin PP da ake amfani dashi gaba ɗaya shine tsakanin ABS da PC.
1. Aikin filastik
PP tsarkakakke mai farin hauren giwa ne kuma ana iya rina shi da launuka daban-daban. Don PP dyeing, kawai masterbatch ne za'a iya amfani dashi akan injunan gyaran allura gaba daya. A kan wasu inji, akwai abubuwa masu zaman kansu masu aikin filastik wadanda ke karfafa tasirin hadawa, kuma ana iya rina su da taner. Samfurori da aka yi amfani da su a waje an cika su da abubuwan ƙarfafa UV da baƙin ƙarfe. Rabin amfani da kayan da aka sake amfani da su bai kamata ya wuce 15% ba, in ba haka ba zai haifar da faduwar ƙarfi da ruɓewa da canza launi. Gabaɗaya, babu buƙatar bushewa ta musamman da ake buƙata kafin gyaran PP.
2. Zaɓin Injin gyare-gyaren allura
Babu wasu buƙatu na musamman don zaɓin inginan gyaran inji. Saboda PP yana da babban lu'ulu'u. Ana buƙatar inji mai ƙwanƙwasa allurar komputa tare da matsin allurar mafi girma da sarrafa matakan matakai da yawa. Determinedarfin clamping gabaɗaya an ƙaddara shi a 3800t / m2, kuma ƙarar allura 20% -85%.
3. Mold da ƙofar zane
A zafin jiki na mold ne 50-90 ℃, da kuma high mold zazzabi da ake amfani da mafi girma size bukatun. Babban zafin jiki ya fi 5 ℃ ƙasa da zafin ramin rami, mai tsaran mai gudu 4-7mm ne, tsayin ƙofar allura ya kai 1-1.5mm, kuma diamita na iya zama ƙarami kamar 0.7mm.
Tsawon ƙofar gefen yana gajarta kamar yadda ya yiwu, kusan 0.7mm, zurfin rabin rabin kaurin bangon ne, kuma faɗin ya ninka kaurin bangon sau biyu, kuma a hankali zai ƙara ƙaruwa tare da tsinkayen narkewar cikin ramin. Dole ne madubi ya sami iska mai kyau. Ramin iska yana da zurfin 0.025mm-0.038mm kuma mai kauri 1.5mm. Don kaucewa alamomin raguwa, yi amfani da manya-manyan nozzles da zagaye masu gudu, kuma kaurin haƙarƙarin ya zama ƙarami (Misali, 50-60% na kaurin bango).
Kaurin kayayyakin da aka yi da PP na homopolymer bai kamata ya wuce 3mm ba, in ba haka ba za a sami kumfa (kayayyakin bango masu kauri suna iya amfani da copolymer PP).
4. Zafin jiki mai narkewa: Yankin narkewar PP shine 160-175 ° C, kuma zafin yanayin bazuwar shine 350 ° C, amma yanayin zafin jiki yayin aikin allura ba zai iya wuce 275 ° C ba, kuma zafin zafin narkarwar ya fi kyau 240 ° C.
5. Gaggawar Allura: Domin rage damuwa da nakasa cikin gida, ya kamata a zabi allura mai saurin gudu, amma wasu maki na PP da kayan kwalliya basu dace ba (kumfa da layukan iska sun bayyana). Idan yanayin da aka zana ya bayyana tare da ratsi mai haske da duhu wanda aka yada ta ƙofar, ana buƙatar allura mai saurin gudu da zafin jiki mafi girma.
6. narke mannewa mai matsa baya: za'a iya amfani da matsar baya mai narkewar 5bar, kuma za'a iya kara matsa lamba ta baya na kayan taner yadda ya kamata.
7. Allura da rike matsa lamba: Yi amfani da matsin lamba mafi girma (1500-1800bar) da kuma rike matsin lamba (kimanin kashi 80% na karfin allurar). Canja zuwa riƙe matsa lamba a kusan 95% na cikakken bugun jini kuma yi amfani da lokacin riƙewa mafi tsayi.
8. Bayan-magani na samfurin: Don hana raguwa da nakasawa ta hanyar post-crystallization, samfurin gabaɗaya yana buƙatar a jiƙa shi da ruwan zafi.
B. Polyethylene (PE) allura gyare-gyaren tsari
PE wani abu ne mai ƙarami wanda yake da ƙarancin hygroscopicity, bai wuce 0.01% ba, saboda haka babu buƙatar bushewa kafin aiki. Sarkar kwayoyin kwayoyin PE tana da sassauci mai kyau, karamin karfi tsakanin shaidu, dan karamin narkewar narkewa, da kuma kyakkyawan ruwa. Sabili da haka, ana iya samar da samfuran siraran siradi da dogon lokaci ba tare da matsi mai yawa ba yayin gyare-gyaren.
PE yana da fadi da yawa na ƙimar raguwa, ƙimar ƙimar shrinkage, da kuma bayyananniyar alkibla. Theididdigar raguwa na LDPE yana kusan 1.22%, kuma ƙarancin raguwa na HDPE yana da kusan 1.5%. Sabili da haka, yana da sauƙin canzawa da wardi, kuma yanayin sanyaya ƙira yana da tasiri mai yawa akan ƙanƙantar da kai. Sabili da haka, ya kamata a sarrafa yanayin zafin jiki don daidaita daidaiton kwanciyar hankali.
△ PE yana da ƙarfin haɓakar ƙirar ƙira, kuma yanayin zafin jiki yana da babban tasiri akan yanayin ƙirar ƙarfe na ɓangarorin filastik. High zafin jiki na narkewa, jinkirin narkewar sanyi, haɓakaccen haɓakar sassan filastik, da ƙarfin ƙarfi.
Point Bakin narkewar PE ba shi da girma, amma takamaiman ƙarfin zafin nasa yana da girma, saboda haka har yanzu yana buƙatar ɗaukar ƙarin zafi yayin yin filastik. Sabili da haka, ana buƙatar na'urar filastik don samun babban ƙarfin dumama don inganta ƙimar samarwa.
Range Yanayin yanayin zafin jiki mai laushi na PE karami ne, kuma narkewar yana da sauƙin sakawa. Sabili da haka, tuntuɓi tsakanin narkewa da iskar oxygen ya kamata a guje masa gwargwadon iko yayin aikin gyare-gyaren, don kar a rage ingancin sassan filastik.
Parts sassan PE masu taushi ne kuma masu sauki ne, saboda haka idan sassan filastik suke da ramuka marasa zurfin ciki, za'a iya lalata su da karfi.
Property Abubuwan da ba Newtonian ba na narkewar PE ba bayyananniya ba ne, canjin yanayin shear ba shi da tasiri kaɗan a kan danko, kuma tasirin zafin jiki a kan narke danko na PE ma ba shi da yawa.
M PE narke yana da saurin sanyaya a hankali, saboda haka dole ne a sanyaya shi sosai. Yakamata mai tsari ya sami kyakkyawan tsarin sanyaya.
Idan ana narkar da narkar da PE kai tsaye daga tashar abinci a yayin allura, ya kamata a kara danniya da raguwar rashin daidaito da alkiblar bayyananniyar karuwa da nakasawa ya kamata a karu, don haka ya kamata a mai da hankali ga zaɓin sigogin tashar tashar abinci.
Temperature Yanayin zafin jiki na PE yana da faɗi sosai. A cikin yanayin ruwa, ɗan jujjuyawar zafin jiki ba shi da tasiri akan gyaran allura.
△ PE yana da kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali na ɗumi-ɗari, gabaɗaya babu wani abin da ya bayyana bazuwar da ke ƙasa da digiri 300, kuma ba shi da tasiri a kan ingancin.
Babban yanayin gyare-gyaren PE
Zazzabin ganga: Yawan zafin ganga yana da alaƙa ne da nauyin PE da girman narkar da ƙwarin da aka narke. Hakanan yana da alaƙa da nau'in da aikin injin inji mai allura da siffar ɓangaren filastik na farko. Tunda PE shine polymer mai ƙyalƙyali, yakamata hatsi masu lu'ulu'u su sha wani adadin zafi yayin narkewa, saboda haka zafin zafin ya kamata ya zama digiri 10 sama da yadda yake narkewa. Ga LDPE, ana sarrafa zafin jikin ganga a 140-200 ° C, ana sarrafa zafin na HDPE a 220 ° C, mafi ƙarancin ƙima a bayan ganga kuma mafi girma a ƙarshen gaba.
Mould zazzabi: Mould zazzabi yana da babban tasiri a kan crystallization yanayin da filastik sassa. High zafin jiki na mold, high narke crystallinity da kuma babban ƙarfi, amma shrinkage kudi kuma za ta ƙara. Yawancin lokaci yawan zafin jiki na LDPE ana sarrafa shi a 30 ℃ -45 ℃, yayin da zafin jiki na HDPE ya yi daidai da 10-20 ℃.
Matsawar allura: asingara matsi na allura yana da amfani ga cikewar narkewar. Saboda yawan kwayar cutar PE yana da kyau kwarai, ban da siraran sirara da siraran samfuran, ya kamata a zabi matsi na ƙananan allura a hankali. Matsayin allurar gaba ɗaya shine 50-100MPa. Siffar mai sauki ce. Don manyan filastik sassan bayan bango, matsin allura na iya zama ƙasa, kuma akasin haka
C. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) allurar gyare-gyaren allura
Yanayin narkewar PVC yayin aiki abu ne mai mahimmanci. Idan wannan ma'aunin bai dace ba, zai haifar da lalata abubuwa. Abubuwan da ke gudana na PVC ba su da kyau, kuma tsarin aikinsa yana da kunkuntar.
Musamman kayan PVC masu nauyin nauyi sunfi wahalar aiwatarwa (irin wannan kayan yawanci ana buƙatar ƙara su da mai don inganta halayen magudanar ruwa), saboda haka yawanci ana amfani da kayan PVC tare da ƙananan kwayar halitta. Theididdigar ƙimar PVC ba ta da yawa, gabaɗaya 0.2 ~ 0.6%.
Allura mold tsari yanayi:
· 1. Maganin bushewa: yawanci ba a bukatar maganin bushewa.
· 2. Zazzabi mai narkewa: 185 ~ 205 temperature Yanayin zafi: 20 ~ 50 ℃.
· 3. Matsi na allura: har zuwa 1500bar.
· 4. Riƙe matsa lamba: har zuwa 1000 bar.
· 5. Gudun allura: Don kauce wa lalacewar abu, ana amfani da saurin saurin allura gaba ɗaya.
· 6. Mai gudu da ƙofa: ana iya amfani da dukkan ƙofofin da aka saba. Idan sarrafa ƙananan sassa, zai fi kyau a yi amfani da ƙofa mai ƙyamar allura ko ƙofofin da ke nutsewa; don sassan kauri, ya fi kyau a yi amfani da ƙofofin fan. Mafi ƙarancin diamita na ƙofar allura ko ƙofar da aka nutsar ya zama 1mm; kaurin kofar fan bai kamata ya zama kasa da 1mm ba.
· 7. Kayan sunadarai da na jiki: PVC mai tsauri yana ɗaya daga cikin kayan roba da aka fi amfani da su sosai.
D. Polystyrene (PS) aikin gyare-gyaren allura
Allura mold tsari yanayi:
1. Bushewar magani: Sai dai idan an adana shi yadda ya kamata, yawanci ba a bukatar maganin bushewa. Idan ana buƙatar bushewa, yanayin bushewar da aka bada shawara shine 80 ° C na awanni 2 zuwa 3.
2. Yanayin zafin jiki: 180 ~ 280 ℃. Don kayan kare wuta, iyakar da ke sama itace 250 ° C.
3. Mould zazzabi: 40 ~ 50 ℃.
4. Matsalar allura: 200 ~ 600bar.
5. Gudun allura: Ana bada shawarar yin amfani da saurin allura mai sauri.
6. Mai gudu da ƙofa: Ana iya amfani da dukkan nau'ikan ƙofofi na yau da kullun.
E. ABS allura gyare-gyaren tsari
ABS abu yana da sauƙin sarrafawa, halayen bayyanar, ƙaramin rarrafe da kyakkyawan yanayin girma da ƙarfi mai tasiri.
Allura mold tsari yanayi:
1. Bushewar magani: ABS abu ne hygroscopic da kuma bukatar bushewa magani kafin aiki. Halin bushewar da aka ba da shawarar aƙalla awanni 2 a 80 ~ 90 ℃. Yawan zafin jiki ya zama ƙasa da 0.1%.
2. Yanayin zafin jiki: 210 ~ 280 ℃; shawarar zafin jiki: 245 ℃.
3. Yanayin zafin jiki: 25 ~ 70 ℃. (Mold zazzabi zai shafi gama na roba sassa, ƙananan zazzabi zai kai ga ƙananan gama).
4. Allurar allura: 500 ~ 1000bar.
5. Gudun sauri: matsakaici zuwa babban gudu.
