Inqubo yokubumba yenaliti ye-Polypropylene (PP)
Ukufudumala kwe-PP ngezinhloso ezahlukahlukene kuhluke kakhulu, futhi isilinganiso sokugeleza se-PP esisetshenziswa kakhulu siphakathi kwe-ABS ne-PC.
1. Ukulungiswa kwepulasitiki
I-PP emsulwa ingumbala ocacile wezinyo lendlovu futhi ingadaywa ngemibala ehlukahlukene. Okokudaya kwe-PP, i-masterbatch yombala kuphela engasetshenziswa kumishini ejwayelekile yokubumba umjovo. Kweminye imishini, kunezinto ezizimele zepulasitiki eziqinisa umphumela wokuxubana, futhi zingadaywa nge-toner. Imikhiqizo esetshenziswa ngaphandle ngokuvamile igcwaliswa ngama-UV stabilizers kanye ne-carbon black. Isilinganiso sokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezisetshenziswe kabusha akufanele seqe i-15%, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzodala ukwehla kwamandla nokubola nokuguqulwa kombala. Ngokuvamile, akukho ukwelashwa okukhethekile kokumisa okudingekayo ngaphambi kwe-PP injection injection.
2. Ukukhethwa komjovo wokubumba umjovo
Azikho izidingo ezikhethekile zokukhethwa kwemishini yokubumba umjovo. Ngoba i-PP ine-crystallinity ephezulu. Kudingeka umshini wokubumba umjovo wekhompyutha onomfutho ophakeme womjovo nokulawulwa kwezigaba eziningi. Amandla okubamba ngokuvamile anqunywa ku-3800t / m2, futhi ivolumu yomjovo ingama-20% -85%.
3. Isikhunta nokwakhiwa kwesango
Ukushisa kwesikhunta kungu-50-90 ℃, futhi izinga lokushisa eliphakeme lesikhunta lisetshenziselwa izidingo zosayizi ophakeme. Izinga lokushisa eliyisisekelo lingaphezu kuka-5 ℃ ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa lomgodi, ububanzi bomgijimi bungu-4-7mm, ubude besango lesinaliti bungu-1-1.5mm, kanti ubukhulu bungaba bucane njengo-0.7mm.
Ubude besango onqenqemeni bufushane ngangokunokwenzeka, cishe u-0.7mm, ukujula kuyingxenye yobukhulu bodonga, futhi ububanzi buphinda kabili udonga lobudonga, futhi luzokhula kancane kancane ngobude bokugeleza kokuncibilika emgodini. Isikhunta kufanele sibe nokuvuleka okuhle. Imbobo yomgodi ingu-0.025mm-0.038mm ukujula no-1.5mm ubukhulu. Ukugwema amamaki okuncipha, sebenzisa imibhobho emikhulu nxazonke nabagijimi abayindilinga, futhi ukushuba kwezimbambo kufanele kube kuncane (Isibonelo, u-50-60% wobukhulu bodonga).
Ubukhulu bemikhiqizo eyenziwe nge-homopolymer PP akufanele yeqe i-3mm, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzoba nama-bubbles (imikhiqizo yodonga obukhulu ingasebenzisa kuphela i-copolymer PP).
4. Ukushisa okuncibilikayo: Indawo yokuncibilika ye-PP ingu-160-175 ° C, kanti ukushisa kokubola kungu-350 ° C, kepha ukumiswa kokushisa ngesikhathi sokulungiswa komjovo akukwazi ukudlula u-275 ° C, kanti izinga lokushisa lesigaba sokuncibilika lingcono kakhulu ngo-240 ° C.
5. Ijubane lokujova: Ukuze kuncishiswe ukucindezelwa kwangaphakathi kanye nokusonteka, kufanele kukhethwe umjovo wesivinini esikhulu, kepha amanye amabanga e-PP nasesikhunta awafanelekile (kuvela amabhamuza nolayini bomoya). Uma indawo enephethini ivela ngemivimbo ekhanyayo nemnyama esatshalaliswa yisango, umjovo onejubane eliphansi kanye nezinga lokushisa eliphakeme lesikhunta kuyadingeka.
6. Melt ingcina ingcindezi emuva: 5bar ncibilika ingcina ingcindezi emuva ingasetshenziswa, futhi ingcindezi emuva impahla toner kungenziwa ngokufanele lenyuka.
7. Injection kanye nokubamba ingcindezi: Sebenzisa ingcindezi ephezulu yomjovo (1500-1800bar) nokubamba ingcindezi (cishe u-80% womfutho womjovo). Shintshela ekubambeni ingcindezi cishe ngama-95% wesifo sohlangothi esigcwele bese usebenzisa isikhathi eside sokubamba.
8. Ukwelashwa kwangemuva komkhiqizo: Ukuze uvimbele ukuncipha kanye nokusonteka okubangelwe yi-post-crystallization, umkhiqizo ngokuvamile udinga ukufakwa emanzini ashisayo.
Inqubo yokubumba umjovo we-Polyethylene (PE)
I-PE yinto eluhlaza engamakristalu ene-hygroscopicity ephansi ngokweqile, engekho ngaphezu kuka-0.01%, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokomiswa ngaphambi kokucutshungulwa. I-PE chain chain inokuguquguquka okuhle, amandla amancane phakathi kwezibopho, i-viscosity ephansi yokuncibilika, nokufudumala okuhle kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, imikhiqizo enodonga oluncane nenqubo ende ingakhiwa ngaphandle kwengcindezi ephezulu kakhulu ngesikhathi sokubumba.
△ I-PE inezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zesilinganiso sokuncipha, inani elikhulu lokuncipha, nokuqondiswa okusobala. Izinga lokuncipha kwe-LDPE cishe liyi-1.22%, kanti izinga lokuncipha kwe-HDPE cishe liyi-1.5%. Ngakho-ke, kulula ukukhubazeka nokugoqa, futhi izimo zokupholisa isikhunta zinethonya elikhulu ekunciphiseni. Ngakho-ke, izinga lokushisa lesikhunta kufanele lilawulwe ukuze kulondolozwe ukupholisa okufanayo nokuqinile.
△ PE unamandla crystallization eliphezulu, futhi izinga lokushisa isikhunta kunethonya elikhulu esimweni crystallization izingxenye plastic. Ukushisa okuphezulu kwesikhunta, ukupholisa okuncibilikayo okuncibilikayo, ukucwebezela okuphezulu kwezingxenye zepulasitiki, namandla amakhulu.
Iphoyinti lokuncibilika le-PE aliphakeme, kepha amandla alo okushisa akhulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke kusadingeka ukuthi kudle ukushisa okwengeziwe ngesikhathi se-plasticization. Ngakho-ke, i-plasticizing device iyadingeka ukuba namandla amakhulu okushisa ukuze ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza.
Temperature Ibanga lokushisa elithambile le-PE lincane, futhi ukuncibilika kulula ukukuxhuma. Ngakho-ke, ukuxhumana phakathi kokuncibilika nomoya-mpilo kufanele kugwenywe ngangokunokwenzeka phakathi nenqubo yokubumba, ukuze unganciphisi ikhwalithi yezingxenye zepulasitiki.
Izingxenye ze-PE zithambile futhi kulula ukudilizwa, ngakho-ke lapho izingxenye zepulasitiki zinemisele engajulile, zingadilizwa ngokuqinile.
△ Impahla engeyona eyaseNewtonia yokuncibilika kwe-PE ayicaci, ukuguqulwa kwesilinganiso se-shear akunamthelela omncane ku-viscosity, futhi ithonya lokushisa ku-PE melt viscosity nalo lincane.
M Ukuncibilika kwe-PE kunesilinganiso sokupholisa esihamba kancane, ngakho-ke kufanele sipholile ngokwanele. Isikhunta kufanele sibe nesistimu yokupholisa engcono.
Uma ukuncibilika kwe-PE kufakwa ngqo kusuka echwebeni lokuphakelayo ngesikhathi somjovo, ukucindezelwa kufanele kukhuliswe futhi ukuncipha okungalingani nokuqondiswa kokukhula okusobala nokwenyuka kufanele kukhuliswe, ngakho-ke kufanele kunakwe ekukhetheni kwemingcele ye-feed port.
△ Izinga lokushisa lokubumba le-PE libanzi kakhulu. Esimweni soketshezi, ukuguquguquka okuncane kokushisa akunamthelela ekubunjweni komjovo.
△ I-PE inokuzinza okuhle okushisayo, imvamisa asikho isimo esibonakalayo sokubola esingaphansi kwama-degree angama-300, futhi ayinamphumela kwikhwalithi.
Izimo zokubumba eziyinhloko ze-PE
Ukushisa komgqomo: Izinga lokushisa lomgqomo lihlobene kakhulu nobuningi be-PE nosayizi wezinga lokugeleza lokuncibilika. Ihlobene futhi nohlobo nokusebenza komshini wokubumba umjovo nokuma kwengxenye yepulasitiki yokuqala. Njengoba i-PE iyi-polymer yekristalu, okusanhlamvu kwe-crystal kufanele kumunce inani elithile lokushisa ngesikhathi sokuncibilika, ngakho-ke izinga lokushisa lomgqomo kufanele libe ngamazinga ama-10 ephakeme kunephuzu lawo lokuncibilika. Kwi-LDPE, izinga lokushisa lomgqomo lilawulwa ngo-140-200 ° C, izinga lokushisa lomgqomo we-HDPE lilawulwa ngo-220 ° C, inani eliphansi ngemuva komgqomo kanye nobukhulu ekugcineni ngaphambili.
Ukushisa kwesikhunta: Ukushisa kwesikhunta kunethonya elikhulu esimweni se-crystallization sezingxenye zepulasitiki. Ukushisa okuphezulu kwesikhunta, ukuncibilika okuphezulu kwe-crystallinity namandla aphezulu, kepha izinga lokuncipha nalo lizokwanda. Imvamisa ukushisa kwesikhunta kwe-LDPE kulawulwa ku-30 ℃ -45 ℃, kanti izinga lokushisa kwe-HDPE liphakeme ngokulingana ngo-10-20 ℃.
Ukucindezela komjovo: Ukwandisa ingcindezi yomjovo kuyasiza ekugcwaliseni ukuncibilika. Ngoba uketshezi lwe-PE kuhle kakhulu, ngaphezu kwemikhiqizo enezindonga ezincane futhi ezacile, ingcindezi yomjovo ophansi kufanele ikhethwe ngokucophelela. Ingcindezi ejwayelekile yomjovo yi-50-100MPa. Isimo silula. Ezingxenyeni ezinkulu zepulasitiki ngemuva kodonga, ingcindezi yomjovo ingaba phansi, futhi okuphambene nalokho
Inqubo yokubumba umjovo ngomjovo we-Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
Ukushisa okuncibilikayo kwe-PVC ngesikhathi sokucubungula kuyindlela ebaluleke kakhulu yenqubo. Uma le parameter ingalungile, izodala ukubola kwempahla. Izici zokugeleza kwe-PVC zimbi impela, futhi ububanzi bayo bezinqubo buncane kakhulu.
Ikakhulukazi ubunzima obuphezulu be-PVC material kunzima kakhulu ukucubungula (lolu hlobo lwento ngokuvamile ludinga ukungezwa nge-lubricant ukwenza ngcono ukugeleza), ngakho-ke izinto ze-PVC ezinesisindo esincane samangqamuzana zivame ukusetshenziswa. Izinga le-shrinkage le-PVC liphansi impela, imvamisa i-0.2 ~ 0.6%.
Injection isikhunta inqubo izimo:
· 1. Ukomisa ukwelashwa: imvamisa akudingeki ukwelashwa kokomisa.
· 2. Ukushisa okuncibilikayo: 185 ~ 205 temperature Izinga lokushisa lesikhunta: 20 ~ 50 ℃.
· 3. Ingcindezi yomjovo: kufika ku-1500bar.
· 4. Ukubamba ingcindezi: kufika ku-1000 bar.
· 5. Ijubane lokujova: Ukuze ugweme ukonakala kwezinto ezibonakalayo, ijubane elikhulu lomjovo livame ukusetshenziswa.
· 6. Umgijimi nesango: wonke amasango ajwayelekile angasetshenziswa. Uma ucubungula izingxenye ezincane, kungcono ukusebenzisa amasango okukhomba ngenaliti noma amasango acwilisiwe; ezingxenyeni ezijiyile, kungcono ukusebenzisa amasango abalandeli. Ububanzi obuncane besango lokukhomba ngenaliti noma isango elicwilisiwe kufanele libe ngu-1mm; ukushuba kwesango lomlandeli akufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-1mm.
· 7. Izakhiwo zamakhemikhali nezomzimba: I-PVC eqinile ingenye yezinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zepulasitiki.
Inqubo yokubumba ngomjovo we-Polystyrene (PS)
Injection isikhunta inqubo izimo:
1. Ukwelashwa kokumiswa: Ngaphandle kokuthi kugcinwe ngokungafanele, ukwelashwa ukwelashwa ngokuvamile akudingeki. Uma kudingeka ukomisa, izimo ezomiswayo ezinconywayo zingama-80 ° C amahora amabili kuya kwamathathu.
2. Ukushisa okuncibilikayo: 180 ~ 280 ℃. Okokusebenza okubuyisela ilangabi, umkhawulo ongaphezulu ungama-250 ° C.
3.Isikhunta lokushisa: 40 ~ 50 ℃.
4.Injection ingcindezi: 200 ~ 600bar.
5. Ijubane lokujova: Kunconywa ukusebenzisa isivinini somjovo osheshayo.
6. Umgijimi nesango: Zonke izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zamasango zingasetshenziswa.
Inqubo yokubumba yenaliti ye-ABS
Izinto ze-ABS zinokucubungula okulula kakhulu, izici zokubukeka, ukungena okuphansi nokuqina okuhle kakhulu kwe-dimensional namandla amakhulu omthelela.
Injection isikhunta inqubo izimo:
1.Ukomisa ukwelashwa: Izinto ze-ABS ziyi-hygroscopic futhi zidinga ukwelashwa ngaphambi kokulungiswa. Isimo esomisiwe sokumiswa okungenani amahora ama-2 ku-80 ~ 90 ℃. Ukushisa kwempahla kufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-0.1%.
2. Ukushisa okuncibilikayo: 210 ~ 280 ℃; izinga lokushisa eliphakanyisiwe: 245 ℃.
3.Isikhunta lokushisa: 25 ~ 70 ℃. (Ukushisa kwesikhunta kuzothinta ukuphela kwezingxenye zepulasitiki, ukushisa okuphansi kuzoholela ekugcineni okuphansi).
4.Injection ingcindezi: 500 ~ 1000bar.
5. Ijubane lokujova: ijubane eliphakathi nendawo ukuya phezulu.
