A. Polypropylene (PP) jekiseni Kuumbwa kwacho
Iko kuyerera kwePP kwezvinangwa zvakasiyana kwakasiyana zvakanyanya, uye iyo PP kuyerera mwero inowanzo shandiswa iri pakati peABS nePC.
1. Kugadzirwa kwepurasitiki
Yakachena PP inopenya yenyanga dzenzou chena uye inogona kuvezwa mumavara akasiyana siyana. Kune PP kudhaya, chete color masterbatch ndiyo inogona kushandiswa pane yakajairika jekiseni kuumbwa michina. Pane mimwe michina, kune akazvimiririra epurasitiki zvinhu zvinosimbisa kusanganisa mhedzisiro, uye ivo vanogona zvakare kuvezwa ne toner. Zvigadzirwa zvinoshandiswa kunze zvinowanzo zadzwa neUV zvinogadzirisa uye kabhoni nhema. Chiyero chekushandisa chezvinhu zvakashandiswazve hachifanirwe kudarika 15%, zvikasadaro chinokonzeresa kudonha kwesimba uye kuora uye kuparara. Kazhinji, hapana chaiyo kuomesa kurapwa kunodiwa pamberi PP jekiseni Kuumbwa.
2. Selection jekiseni Kuumbwa muchina
Iko hakuna chaiwo anodikanwa ekusarudzwa kwejekiseni kuumbwa michina. Nekuti PP ine yakakwira crystallinity. A computer jekiseni Kuumbwa muchina ine yakakwira jekiseni kumanikidza uye yakawanda-danho kutonga kunodiwa. Iko kusungira simba kunowanzo simbiswa pa 3800t / m2, uye iro jekiseni vhoriyamu iri 20% -85%.
3. Mould uye dhizaini dhizaini
Iyo tembiricha tembiricha iri 50-90 ℃, uye yakakwira muforoma tembiricha inoshandiswa kune yakakura saizi zvinodiwa. Iyo yepakati tembiricha inopfuura 5 ℃ yakaderera pane iyo tembiricha tembiricha, mumhanyi dhayamita iri 4-7mm, tsono gedhi kureba iri 1-1.5mm, uye dhayamita inogona kunge diki se 0.7mm.
Kureba kwegedhi remupendero ipfupi sezvinobvira, ingangoita 0.7mm, iyo kudzika hafu yekukora kwemadziro, uye upamhi hwakapetwa kaviri pakukora kwemadziro, uye zvishoma nezvishoma ichawedzera nekureba kwekunyungudika kuyerera mudumbu. Iyo furuji inofanirwa kuve nemhepo yakanaka. Iyo vent gomba iri 0.025mm-0.038mm yakadzika uye 1.5mm gobvu. Kuti udzivise mamakisi ekudzikira, shandisa mazihombe akakura uye akapoterera uye mamhanyisa erudenderedzwa, uye ukobvu hwembabvu hunofanirwa kuve hushoma (Semuenzaniso, 50-60% yehuremu hwemadziro).
Ukobvu hwezvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa neopopolymer PP hazvifanirwe kudarika 3mm, zvikasadaro pachave nemabhuru (gobvu zvigadzirwa zvemadziro zvinogona chete kushandisa copolymer PP).
4.Kunyungudutsa tembiricha: Iko kunonyunguduka kwePP ndeye 160-175 ° C, uye iko kupisa kwekuora kuri 350 ° C, asi iyo tembiricha inoiswa panguva yekugadzirisa jekiseni haigone kudarika 275 ° C, uye tembiricha yechikamu chinonyungudika yakanyanya 240 ° C.
5. Kujekesa jekiseni: Kuti uderedze kunetsekana kwemukati uye deformation, yakakwira-inomhanya jekiseni inofanirwa kusarudzwa, asi mamwe mamakisi ePP uye mafuru haana kukodzera (mabhuru nemitsara yemhepo inoonekwa) Kana iyo patani yepamusoro ichionekwa nemwenje uye nerima mitsetse yakaparadzirwa negedhi, yakaderera-kumhanya jekiseni uye yakakwira furuji tembiricha inodiwa.
6.Sungunuka kunamatira kumashure kumanikidza: 5bar yakanyunguduka inonamira kumashure kumanikidza kunogona kushandiswa, uye iko kumashure kumanikidza kweiyo toner zvinhu kunogona kukodzera kuwedzerwa.
7. Kupinza uye kubata kumanikidza: Shandisa yakakwira jekiseni kumanikidza (1500-1800bar) uye kubata kumanikidza (ingangoita 80% yeiyo jekiseni kumanikidza). Chinja wakabata kumanikidza panenge 95% yeiyo yakazara sitiroko uye shandisa nguva yakareba yekubata.
8. Post-kurapwa kwechigadzirwa: Kuti tidzivirire kuderera uye deformation inokonzerwa neiyo post-crystallization, chigadzirwa chinowanzoda kunyoroveswa mumvura inopisa.
B. Polyethylene (Pe) jekiseni kuumbwa maitiro
PE ndeye crystalline mbishi zvinhu zvine yakadzika kwazvo hygroscopicity, isingapfuure ne0.01%, saka hapana chikonzero chekuomesa usati wagadziriswa. PE mamorekuru cheni ine inochinjika yakanaka, simba diki pakati pezvisungo, yakaderera melt viscosity, uye yakanakisa fluidity. Naizvozvo, yakatetepa-yakakomberedzwa uye yakareba-maitiro zvigadzirwa inogona kuumbwa pasina yakanyanyisa kumanikidza panguva yekuumba.
△ PE ine huwandu hwakawanda hwekushomeka chiyero, hombe shrinkage kukosha, uye pachena kutungamira. Iyo shrinkage rate yeLDPE inenge 1.22%, uye iyo shrinkage rate yeHDPE inenge 1.5%. Naizvozvo, zviri nyore kuti deform uye yakarukwa, uye chakuvhuvhu kutonhora mamiriro ane simba rakakura pakuderera. Naizvozvo, tembiricha yeforoma inofanirwa kudzorwa kuchengetedza yunifomu uye kutonhora kwakatsiga.
△ Pe ine yakakwira crystallization kugona, uye tembiricha yeiyo fomu ine simba rakakura pane iyo crystallization mamiriro epurasitiki zvikamu. Tembiricha yakakwira yekutonhora, kunonoka kunyauka kutonhodza, kukwirira kwakakwenenzverwa kwenhengo dzeplastiki, uye simba rakakwira.
Po yekunyunguduka ye PE haina kukwirira, asi yakatarwa kupisa simba yakakura, saka ichiri kuda kushandisa kupisa kwakawanda panguva yeplastization. Naizvozvo, chigadziriso chepurasitiki chinodikanwa kuti ive nesimba hombe rekudziya kugadzirisa nyowani yekugadzira.
Temperature Iyo yekudzikamisa tembiricha renji re PE idiki, uye iyo kusungunuka kuri nyore kuisa oxidize. Naizvozvo, kusangana pakati pekunyungudika neoksijeni kunofanirwa kudzivirirwa zvakanyanya sezvinobvira panguva yekuumbwa, kuitira kuti usaderedze mhando yezvikamu zvepurasitiki.
△ Pe mativi akapfava uye nyore kudonhedza pasi, saka kana epurasitiki mativi asina kudzika maburi, anogona kuderedzwa zvakanyanya.
△ Iyo isiri-Newtonia chivakwa che PE chinonyungudika hachisi pachena, shanduko yesheari mwero ine pesvedzero diki pane viscosity, uye pesvedzero yetembiricha pane PE inonyungudika viscosity zvakare ishoma.
△ PE inonyunguduka ine inotonhorera kutonhora mwero, saka inofanira kutonhorwa zvakakwana. Iyo mold inofanira kuve neiri nani kutonhora sisitimu.
Kana iyo PE yakanyungudika yakapihwa yakananga kubva kuchikafu chengarava panguva yejekiseni, kushushikana kunofanira kuwedzerwa uye kuenzana kusadzikira uye kutungamira kwekuwedzera kuri pachena uye kushanduka kunofanira kuwedzerwa, saka kutarisisa kunofanirwa kubhadharwa kusarudzwa kwemafodhi port port.
△ Iyo tembiricha yekuumba ye PE yakaenzana. Mune inoyerera mamiriro, zvishoma tembiricha kuchinjika haina zvainoita jekiseni kuumbwa.
△ PE ine hutano hwakanaka hwekutsiga, kazhinji hapana chakajeka kuora chiitiko pazasi pemadhigirii mazana matatu, uye haina zvazvinoita pahunhu.
Huru kuumbwa mamiriro ePE
Bharari tembiricha: Iyo tembiricha tembiricha inonyanya kuenderana nehukuru hwe PE uye saizi yekunyungudika kuyerera chiyero. Iyo zvakare inoenderana nemhando uye mashandiro ejekiseni kuumbwa muchina uye chimiro chechikamu chekutanga chepurasitiki chikamu. Sezvo PE iri crystalline polymer, iyo kristaro zviyo zvinofanirwa kutora imwe nhanho yekupisa panguva yekunyungudika, saka tembiricha yetembere inofanirwa kunge iri gumi degrees kumusoro kwayainonyungudika. Kune LDPE, iyo tembiricha yedhirairi inodzorwa pa140-200 ° C, iyo tembiricha yeiyo HDPE mbiya inodzorwa pa220 ° C, iyo yakaderera kukosha kuseri kwebhari uye yakakwira kumberi kwekupedzisira.
Tembiricha yeMold: Tembiricha yeforoma ine pesvedzero huru pane iyo crystallization mamiriro epurasitiki zvikamu. Tembiricha yakakwira, kupisa kwakanyungudika uye simba rakakwira, asi iyo shrinkage rate ichawedzerawo. Kazhinji chando tembiricha tembiricha yeLDPE inodzorwa pa30 ℃ -45 ℃, nepo tembiricha yeHDPE iri yakafanana yakakwira ne10-20 ℃.
Jekiseni kumanikidza: Kuwedzera jekiseni kumanikidza kunobatsira kuzadzikiswa kwekunyungudika. Nekuti hunyoro hwe PE hwakanaka kwazvo, kuwedzera kune yakatetepa-yakakomberedzwa uye yakatetepa zvigadzirwa, yakaderera jekiseni kumanikidzwa kunofanira kusarudzwa zvakanyatsonaka. Iyo jekiseni yekumanikidza ndeye 50-100MPa. Chimiro chiri nyore. Kune akakura epurasitiki zvikamu kuseri kwemadziro, jekiseni kumanikidza kunogona kudzikira, uye zvinopesana
C. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) jekiseni kuumbwa maitiro
Iyo yekunyungudika tembiricha yePVC panguva yekugadzirisa chinhu chakakosha kwazvo paramende. Kana iyi paramende isina kukodzera, inokonzeresa kuora kwezvinhu. Kuyerera hunhu kwePVC kwakanyanyisa urombo, uye maitiro ayo huwandu hwakanyanya kutetepa.
Kunyanya iyo yakakwira mamorekuru uremu PVC zvinhu zvinonyanya kuoma kugadzirisa (mhando iyi yezvinhu inowanzoda kuwedzerwa nemafuta ekugadzirisa maitiro ekuyerera), saka zvinhu zvePVC zvine diki mamorekuru uremu zvinowanzo shandiswa. Iyo shrinkage chiyero chePVC yakadzika kwazvo, kazhinji 0.2 ~ 0.6%.
Jekiseni muforoma muitiro mamiriro:
· 1. Kuchenesa kurapwa: kazhinji hapana kurapwa kwekuomesa kunodiwa.
· 2. Tembiricha inonyungudika: 185 ~ 205 temperature Tembiricha yeforoma: 20 ~ 50
· 3. Jekiseni kumanikidza: kusvika ku1500bar.
· 4. Kubata kumanikidza: kusvika ku1000 bar.
· 5. Kumhanya kwejekiseni: Kuti tidzivise kusvibiswa kwezvinhu, jekiseni rinomhanya kwazvo rinowanzoshandiswa.
· 6. Mumhanyi uye gedhi: ese akajairwa masuo anogona kushandiswa. Kana uchigadzirisa zvidiki zvidiki, zviri nani kushandisa tsono-poindi masuo kana akanyudzwa magedhi; kune zvikamu zvakakora, zvakanakisa kushandisa fan magedhi. Iyo shoma dhayamita yegedhi-poindi gedhi kana gedhi rakanyudzwa rinofanira kuva 1mm; ukobvu hwesuo re fan haufanire kunge uri pasi pe1mm.
· 7. Makemikari uye epanyama zvivakwa: Rigid PVC ndechimwe chezvinhu zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mupurasitiki.
D. Polystyrene (PS) jekiseni kuumbwa maitiro
Jekiseni muforoma muitiro mamiriro:
1. Kuchenesa kurapwa: Kunze kwekunge zvakachengetwa zvisina kukodzera, kurapwa kwekuomesa kazhinji hakudiwe. Kana kuomeswa kuchidikanwa, iyo inokurudzirwa mamiriro ekuomesa ari 80 ° C kwemaawa maviri kusvika matatu.
2.Kunyungudutsa tembiricha: 180 ~ 280 ℃. Kune zvinhu zvinodzivirira murazvo, muganho wepamusoro uri 250 ° C.
3.Mold tembiricha: 40 ~ 50 ℃.
4. Jekiseni kumanikidza: 200 ~ 600bar.
5. Kujekesa jekiseni: Zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa yekukurumidza jekiseni kumhanya.
6. Mumhanyi uye gedhi: Mhando dzese dzakajairwa dzemasuwo dzinogona kushandiswa
E. ABS jekiseni Kuumbwa kwacho
ABS zvinhu zvine akanakisa ekugadzirisa, maitiro echitarisiko, yakadzika zvinokambaira uye yakanakisa mativi kugadzikana uye yakasimba simba simba.
Jekiseni muforoma muitiro mamiriro:
1. Kuomesa kurapwa: ABS zvinhu ndeye hygroscopic uye inoda kuomesa kurapwa usati wagadziriswa. Iyo inokurudzirwa yekuomesa mamiriro ingangoita maawa maviri pa80 ~ 90 ℃. Iyo tembiricha yezvinhu inofanira kunge iri pasi pe0.1%.
2.Kunyungudutsa tembiricha: 210 ~ 280 ℃; tembiricha yakakurudzirwa: 245 ℃.
3.Mold tembiricha: 25 ~ 70 ℃. (Mould tembiricha inokanganisa kupera kwemapurasitiki zvikamu, tembiricha yakaderera inotungamira kune yakadzika kupera).
4. Jekiseni kumanikidza: 500 ~ 1000bar.
5. Kujekesa jekiseni: wepakati kusvika pakakwirira kumhanya.
