1. Ukwakhiwa kwesikali sesikhunta
Ukungcoliswa kwesikhunta kwenzeka cishe kuwo wonke ama-thermoplastics ngesikhathi sokubunjwa komjovo. Lapho izidingo zokusebenza zomkhiqizo wokugcina kufanele zixutshwe nezithasiselo ezifanele (njenge-modifier, fire retardant, njll.), Lezi zithasiselo kungenzeka zihlale ebusweni besikhunta sesikhunta ngesikhathi senqubo yokubumba, okuholela ekwakhiweni kwesikhunta isikali.
Kunezinye izizathu zokwakhiwa kwesikali sesikhunta, izizathu ezivame kakhulu yilezi ezilandelayo:
Imikhiqizo yokubola okushisayo kwezinto zokusetshenziswa;
Ngesikhathi somjovo wokubumba, amandla we-shear okweqile wokugeleza kokuncibilika abonwa;
Ukukhipha okungafanele;
Isikali sesikhunta esingenhla imvamisa siyinhlanganisela yezici ezahlukahlukene, futhi kuyinkinga kakhulu ukuthola ukuthi yini ebangela isikali sesikhunta nokuthi singasinqanda kanjani, futhi isikali sesikhunta ngeke sakhiwe kuze kube sezinsukwini ezimbalwa kamuva.
2. Uhlobo lwesikali sesikhunta
1) Izithasiselo ezahlukahlukene zikhiqiza izinhlobo ezithile zesikali sesikhunta. I-fire retardant izosabela ekushiseni okuphezulu ukuze yenze ukubola futhi ingaveza imikhiqizo yesikali. Ngaphansi kwethonya lokushisa okuphezulu ngokweqile noma ukucindezela ngokweqile kwe-shear, i-ejenti yomthelela izohlukaniswa ne-polymer futhi ihlale ebusweni besikhunta somgogodla ukwakha isikali sesikhunta.
2) Ukuncibilika kwezingulube kumaplastiki wobunjiniyela we-thermoplastic emazingeni aphezulu okushisa kuzonciphisa ukuzinza okushisayo kwezinto zokubumba, okuholele ekwakhiweni kwesikali ngokuhlanganiswa kwama-polymers owonakele nezingulube ezibolile.
3) Izingxenye ezishisayo ikakhulukazi (ezinjenge-mold cores), ama-modifiers / stabilizers nezinye izithasiselo zinganamathela ebusweni besikhunta futhi zibangele ukungcoliswa kwesikhunta. Kulokhu, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo ukufeza ukulawula okushisa okungcono kwesikhunta noma ukusebenzisa izivikeli ezikhethekile.
Ithebula elilandelayo libala izimbangela ezingaba khona zesikali sesikhunta nezindlela zokuvimbela:
3. Izinyathelo zokumelana nokwakhiwa kwesikali okungazelelwe
Uma isikali sesikhunta sivele ngokuzumayo, kungahle kube ngenxa yokushintsha kwezimo zokubumba noma ushintsho lwamaqoqo ahlukahlukene wezinto zokubumba. Izincomo ezilandelayo zizosiza ukuthuthukisa isikali sesikhunta.
Okokuqala, linganisa izinga lokushisa lokuncibilika futhi uhlole ngokubukeka ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini ukubola kwesimo (njengezinhlayiya ezishile). Ngasikhathi sinye, hlola ukuthi izinto zokubumba ezingcolisiwe zingcoliswe izinto zangaphandle nokuthi kusetshenziswa izinto zokuhlanza ezifanayo ezifanayo. Hlola isimo qeda isikhunta.
Nakulokhu futhi, hlola ukusebenza komshini: sebenzisa izinto zokwakha udayi ezinemibala (ngaphandle komnyama), ngemuva kwemizuzu engaba ngu-20, vala umshini wokubumba umjovo, susa umbhobho nesihlalo sokuxhuma, uma kungenzeka, qeda isikulufa, uhlole ukuthi kukhona yini izinhlayiya ezishisiwe ezintweni zokusetshenziswa, qhathanisa imibala yezinto zokusetshenziswa, futhi uthole ngokushesha umthombo wesikali sesikhunta.
Ezimweni eziningi, izimbangela ezimangazayo zokukhubazeka kwesikali zitholakele. Lobu buchwepheshe bulungele kakhulu imishini yokubumba umjovo encane enobukhulu besikulufu esingu-40mm. Ukuqedwa kwesikali sesikhunta nakho kungathuthukisa ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo. Izinyathelo zokuphikisa ezingenhla ziyasebenza ekwakhiweni kohlelo lomgijimi oshisayo.
Isikhunta isikali kubangela ukubukeka ukukhubazeka izingxenye umjovo olubunjiwe, ikakhulukazi izingxenye nge ebusweni etch, okuyinto ingalungiswa ngomshini sandblasting.
4. Ukugcinwa kwesikhunta
Lapho zonke izinyathelo ezingenhla zingakwazi ukuqeda isikali sesikhunta, ukugcinwa kwesikhunta kufanele kuqiniswe.
Isikali sesikhunta ebusweni besikhunta kulula ukusikhipha esigabeni sokuqala, ngakho-ke isikhunta somgudu kanye nesiteshi sokukhipha kufanele sihlanzwe futhi sigcinwe njalo (isb. Ngemuva kwenqwaba ngayinye yokukhiqiza ukubumba). Kunzima kakhulu futhi kuthatha isikhathi ukususa isikali sesikhunta ngemuva kokuthi isikhunta sakhe ungqimba olujiyile ngaphandle kokugcinwa kwesikhunta nokunakekelwa isikhathi eside.
Ukugcinwa kwesikhunta somjovo nokugcinwa kwesifutho esisetshenzisiwe ikakhulukazi: i-ejenti yokukhipha isikhunta, i-rust inhibitor, uwoyela we-thimble, i-glue stain remover, i-ejenti yokuhlanza isikhunta, njll.
Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali esikalini sesikhunta kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, futhi kufanele kusetshenziswe izindlela ezintsha futhi kuzanywe ukusisusa, njengamakhemikhali awuketshezi avamile kanye namakhemikhali awuketshezi ahlukahlukene, isifutho sehhavini, ulamula olune-caffeine, njll. Enye indlela exakile ukusebenzisa irabha ekuhlanzeni imodeli ithrekhi.
Ukukhipha imvume yokujova isikhunta samaplastiki wobunjiniyela
5. Iziphakamiso zokuvikela isikali sesikhunta
Lapho kusetshenziswa ukubumba komgijimi oshisayo nokushisa izinto zokusetshenziswa ezizwelayo, isikhathi sokuhlala sokuncibilika siyoba side, okwandisa ubungozi bokwakhiwa kwesikali ngenxa yokubola kwempahla eluhlaza. Hlanza isikulufa somshini wokubumba umjovo.
Umgijimi wosayizi omkhulu nesango kusetshenziselwa ukwakha izinto zokusetshenziswa ezizwelayo ze-shear. Isango lamaphoyinti amaningi linganciphisa ukuhamba kwebanga, isivinini somjovo ophansi futhi linciphise ubungozi bokwakhiwa kwesikali sesikhunta
Ukusebenza kahle kwe-die exhaust kunganciphisa ukubakhona kwesikhunta esikalini, futhi kufanelekile isikhunta qeda kusigabasesakhiwo sesikhunta. Inketho engcono kakhulu ukususa ngokuzenzakalela uhlelo lokukhipha noma ukususa kalula isikali sesikhunta. Ukuthuthuka kohlelo lokukhipha imfucuza kuvame ukuholela ekwehlisweni kwesikali sesikhunta esikhunjeni.
Ukumbozwa okukhethekile okungekho kwenduku ebusweni bomgodi wokufa kungavimbela ukwakheka kwesikali sesikhunta. Umphumela wokumboza kufanele uhlolwe ngokuhlolwa.
Ukwelashwa kwe-titanium nitride ebusweni bangaphakathi besikhunta kungagwema ukwakheka kwesikali sesikhunta.
