Ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị emepụtala enzyme nke nwere ike ime ka ọnụ ọgụgụ plastik gbasaa site na ugboro isii. Ejirila enzyme dị na nje bacteria na-eri nri na nri plastic dị na PETase iji mee ka ngwa ngwa nke plastik dị ngwa.
Ugboro atọ ọrụ nke nnukwu enzyme
Ndị otu ahụ mebere enzyme PETase dị na laabu, nke nwere ike ime ngwa ngwa nke PET n'ihe dịka 20%. Ugbu a, otu ndị otu transatlantic jikọtara PETase na "onye mmekọ" ya (enzyme nke abụọ a na-akpọ MHETase) iji mepụta ọbụna mmụba ka ukwuu: naanị ịgwakọta PETase na MHETase nwere ike ịbawanye ọnụego PET decomposition Double ya, wee mepụta njikọ dị n'etiti enzymes abụọ ahụ ike a "super enzyme" na triples a ọrụ.
Ndi otu onye nchoputa ndi mmadu bu ndi oka mmuta nke haziri PETase, Prọfesọ John McGeehan, onye nduzi nke Center for Enzyme Innovation (CEI) na Mahadum Portsmouth, na Dr. Gregg Beckham, onye nyocha di elu na National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). Na U.S.
Prọfesọ McKeehan kwuru, sị: “Mụ na Greg na-ekwu maka otu PETase si emebi plastik, na MHETase na-agbachapụkwa ya, yabụ, ọ bụ ihe okike ịhụ ma anyị nwere ike iji ha ọnụ iji icomie ihe dị n’okike. "
Enzym abụọ na-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ
Nnwale ndị izizi gosipụtara na enzymes ndị a nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ nke ọma, yabụ ndị nyocha ahụ kpebiri ịnwa ijikọ ha n'ụzọ anụ ahụ, dịka ijikọ Pac-Man abụọ na eriri.
"A rụọla ọtụtụ ọrụ n'akụkụ abụọ nke Atlantic, mana ọ bara uru ịgbalị-anyị nwere obi ụtọ ịhụ na enzyme ọhụrụ anyị chimeric ji okpukpu atọ karịa nke enzyme nke nwere onwe ya, na-emepe ụzọ ọhụụ maka mmepe n'ihu na mmelite. " McGeehan gara n'ihu.
Ma PETase na MHETase-PETase jikọtara ọnụ nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ site na ịgbanye PET plastic na iweghachi ya na usoro mbụ ya. N'ụzọ dị otú a, enwere ike ịmepụta plastik ma jupụta ya ruo mgbe ebighị ebi, si otú a na-ebelata ndabere anyị na-adabere na mmanụ ala dị ka mmanụ na gas.
Prọfesọ McKeehan ji synchrotron mee ihe na Oxfordshire, nke na-eji ụzarị ọkụ X, nke dị ijeri ugboro 10 karịa ike anyanwụ, dị ka microscope, zuru ezu iji lelee atam nke ọ bụla. Nke a nyere ndị otu nyocha ahụ aka idozi ụdị 3D nke MHETase enzyme, si otú a na-enye ha usoro ihe omimi iji malite ịhazi usoro enzyme ngwa ngwa.
Nchoputa ohuru a jikọtara usoro, nhazi, biochemical na bioinformatics iji gosipụta ngosiputa ihe omuma banyere nhazi ya na oru ya. Nchọpụta a bụ nnukwu mbọ ndị otu metụtara ndị sayensị nwere n'ọkwa ọrụ niile.
