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Saba ibyifuzo byinganda zitunganya plastike muri Gana

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Note: Kuzamuka kw'ivunjisha ry'ifaranga ryaho ugereranije n’idolari rya Amerika byongereye isoko ridashidikanywaho ku isoko, ku buryo bigoye guhangana n’ibicuruzwa biva mu Bushinwa bihendutse. Ikigaragara ni uko plastiki igira uruhare runini muguhindu

Hamwe n’iterambere ry’inganda z’ubuhinzi n’inganda zitunganya ibiribwa, isoko rya Gana rikeneye ibicuruzwa bya pulasitike ryiyongereye ku buryo bwihuse, ibyo bikaba byaratumye habaho iterambere ry’inganda zo muri Gana zo mu ruganda rw’inganda-inganda zitunganya plastike. Inganda zitunganya plastike zirimo gushora imari muri Gana no kohereza muri Gana. Guhitamo inganda.

Biravugwa ko amasosiyete menshi mu nganda zitunganya plastike muri Afurika muri iki gihe yishingikiriza ku bicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga byo mu burasirazuba bwo hagati cyangwa muri Aziya, kandi kutagira umusaruro uhagije wa polymer waho ni ikibazo gikomeye bahura nacyo muri iki gihe.

Kuzamuka kw'ivunjisha ry'ifaranga ryaho ugereranije n’idolari rya Amerika byongereye isoko ridashidikanywaho ku isoko, ku buryo bigoye guhangana n’ibicuruzwa biva mu Bushinwa bihendutse. Ikigaragara ni uko plastiki igira uruhare runini muguhindura umugabane wa Afrika.
     
Nk’uko AMI ibiteganya, mu myaka itanu iri imbere, icyifuzo cya plastiki kuva muri Afurika y'Epfo kugera ku nkombe za Côte d'Ivoire kiziyongera 5% kugeza kuri 15% buri mwaka, aho impuzandengo ya buri mwaka yiyongera 8%. Muri iki gihe Gana ifite impinduka mu bukungu. Nyuma yimishinga gakondo yohereza ibicuruzwa hanze nka zahabu, cakao, diyama, ibiti, manganese, bauxite, nibindi, Gana iragenda yohereza ibicuruzwa bitunganijwe kandi bitunganijwe, kandi harakenewe gupakira plastike. Kandi no kuba munini.

(1) Mu mwaka wa 2010, agaciro k’inganda zapakiye muri Gana kari hafi miliyoni 200 z’amadolari y’Amerika kandi kagera kuri miliyari 5 z’amadolari y’Amerika muri 2015. Inzego za leta za Gana zirimo gukora mu rwego rwo guteza imbere inganda zipakira muri Gana.
    
(2) Kuva mu mwaka wa 2010 kugeza 2012, gutunganya ibicuruzwa by’ibiribwa no gupakira muri Afurika y’iburengerazuba byageze kuri miliyoni 341 bigera kuri miliyoni 567 z'amayero, byiyongeraho 66%; ibikoresho bya pulasitike bitumizwa mu mahanga byavuye kuri miliyoni 96 z'amayero bigera kuri miliyoni 135 z'amayero, byiyongera 40%; imashini zo gucapa ziyongereye ziva kuri miliyoni 6.850 z'amayero ziyongera kugera kuri miliyoni 88.2 z'amayero.
 
(3) Gana ni igihugu gifite iterambere ryihuse mu bukungu, ibintu bya politiki bihamye kandi bifite umutungo mwinshi muri Afurika. Kuva mu 2015, amasosiyete menshi yo mu mahanga yibasiye isoko rya Gana kandi yashinze inganda nyinshi zo gucapa muri Gana.

Ubuhinzi bwo muri Afurika y'Iburengerazuba
Dukurikije imibare yaturutse mu Ishyirahamwe ry’Ubudage ry’Ubwubatsi, ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga byo muri Afurika y’iburengerazuba byageze kuri miliyari 1.753 mu 2013, miliyari 1.805 z'amayero muri 2012, na miliyari 1.678 z'amayero mu 2011.
      
Afurika y'Iburengerazuba Imashini y'ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa
Umusaruro w’ibiribwa n’ibikoresho byo gupakira muri Afurika y’iburengerazuba wiyongereye uva kuri miliyoni 341 z'amayero mu 2010 ugera kuri miliyoni 600 z'amayero muri 2013, wiyongera 75%.

Ibiribwa byo muri Afurika y'Iburengerazuba
Dukurikije imibare yatanzwe n’umuryango w’ubucuruzi ku isi, mu 2013, muri Afurika y’iburengerazuba ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga byageze kuri miliyari 13.89 z'amadolari y’Amerika, muri Afurika y’iburengerazuba ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byinjije miliyari 12.28 z’amadolari y’Amerika muri 2013, naho ubucuruzi bwo gutumiza no kohereza mu mahanga bukaba miliyari 26.17 z’amadolari y’Amerika.

Ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka
Ubwiyongere bwihuse bwa 50% byurubyiruko n’abaturage bageze mu kigero cyo hagati muri Gana bugenda bwiyongera ku binyobwa bya karubone, umutobe w’imbuto n’ibinyobwa bikora. Gana ifite isoko rinini rya miliyoni 250 muri Afurika y'Iburengerazuba, kandi ibitumizwa mu mahanga n'ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa biva mu mahanga nabyo byiyongereye mu myaka yashize.

Ubufatanye mu bukungu n’ubucuruzi hagati y’Ubushinwa na Gana bufunzwe mu rwego rw’ibiribwa n’ibinyobwa, kandi ibihugu byombi bishimangira iterambere n’ubufatanye muri uru rwego. Mu mwaka wa 2016, guverinoma ya Gana iteganya gushora miliyoni 120 cedi yo muri Gana (hafi miliyoni 193) kugira ngo ishyigikire iterambere ry’ubuhinzi, cyane cyane kongera ishoramari mu nganda zitunganya umuceri, shea, cashew n’inganda zitunganya ubuhinzi kugira ngo umusaruro w’ubuhinzi wiyongere.
    
Visi Perezida wa Gana, Quesi Amisa Arthur, yatangaje kandi ko amakamyo amagana, abasaruzi ndetse n’imashini zikoreshwa mu buhinzi nazo zizahabwa abahinzi mu gihugu hose mu rwego rwo kuzamura ubukungu bwa Gana mu kwihutisha ivugurura ry’ubuhinzi no kugera ku mikoreshereze irambye y’umutungo. Guhinduka nicyo kintu cyambere leta ishora ishoramari. Kugira ngo ibyo bishoboke, guverinoma ya Gana yongereye umubare w’ibigo bitanga serivisi z’ubuhinzi mu gihugu hose kuva kuri 57 muri 2009 bigera kuri 89 muri 2014, naho ubwishingizi bwiyongereyeho 56%. Guverinoma izashora miliyari 3 cedi yo muri Gana mu myaka itanu iri imbere kugirango ishyigikire iyubakwa ry'umuhanda wa cakao ahahingwa.
     
Hamwe nogushyira mubikorwa no guteza imbere uru ruhererekane rwingamba, inganda zitunganya plastike zabaye amahitamo azwi cyane mubushoramari no kohereza ibicuruzwa mumasoko ya Gana.

Nkigihugu gifite abaturage benshi, Ubushinwa buri gihe bwagize umwanya wingenzi mugutezimbere inganda zipakira plastike. Ikoranabuhanga rikuze kandi rihuye n’imiterere y’igihugu rero, rifite iterambere ryagutse cyane muri Gana.

Biteganijwe ko mu myaka 5 iri imbere, Afurika isaba ibyiciro bitandukanye bya plastiki iziyongera ku kigereranyo cya 8% buri mwaka. Mu gihe Gana, irimo guteza imbere cyane ibikomoka ku buhinzi, ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa ndetse n’inganda zitunganya igice, byakomeje kongera icyifuzo cy’ibicuruzwa bya pulasitiki, ari nabyo byabyaye iterambere ry’inganda zitunganya plastike muri Gana. Ishoramari ry'ejo hazaza mu nganda zitunganya plastike muri Gana no kohereza imashini zitunganya plastike muri Gana Icyerekezo cy'isoko ni kinini.

 
 
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