Ua hoʻonāukiuki ʻia nā kānaka ʻepekema e Pac-Man a ua haku ʻo ia i ka "cocktail" e ʻai ana i ka ea, i mea e kōkua ai i ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā ʻōpala palolo.
Loaʻa iā ia i ʻelua mau enzyme-PETase a me MHETase-i hua ʻia e kahi bacteria i kapa ʻia ʻo Ideonella sakaiensis e hānai ana i nā ʻōmole plastik.
ʻAʻole like me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa kūlohelohe, e hala ana he mau haneli mau makahiki, hiki i kēia super enzyme ke hoʻolilo i ka palakiko i loko o kāna "nā ʻāpana" kumu i loko o kekahi mau lā.
Hana pū kēia mau ʻenima ʻelua, e like me "ʻelua Pac-Man i hoʻopili ʻia e ke aho" e nau ana i ka pōpō meaʻai māmā.
Hoʻomaʻemaʻe kēia ʻenima super superme ea 6 mau manawa i ka wikiwiki ma mua o ka ʻōmole PETase maoli i ʻike ʻia ma 2018.
ʻO kāna pahuhopu ka polyethylene terephthalate (PET), ka thermoplastic maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā ʻōmole inu mea inu, nā lole, a me nā kapeta, he mau haneli mau makahiki e hoʻopau i ke kaiapuni.
Ua haʻi aku ʻo Professor John McGeehan o ke Kulanui o Portsmouth i ka ʻoihana kūkala nūhou PA i kēia manawa, loaʻa iā mākou kēia mau kumuwaiwai kumuwaiwai mai nā kumuwaiwai fossil e like me ka aila a me ka ʻaila kūlohelohe. Kuhi ʻole kēia.
"Akā inā hiki iā mākou ke hoʻohui i nā enzyme e hoʻonele i ka plastic, hiki iā mākou ke wāwahi i kekahi mau lā."
I ka makahiki 2018, ua hina ʻo Professor McGeehan a me kāna hui i kahi mana i hoʻololi ʻia o kahi enzyme i kapa ʻia ʻo PETase i hiki ke wāwahi i ka plastic i kekahi mau lā wale nō.
I loko o kā lākou noi hou ʻana, ua hui ka hui noiʻi me PETase me kekahi enzyme i kapa ʻia ʻo MHETase a ua ʻike "ua aneane pālua ka ʻai o ka ʻōmole palolo."
A laila, ua hoʻohana nā kānaka noiʻi i ka hana ʻenekini e hoʻopili i kēia mau ʻenemika ʻelua i loko o ke keʻena hoʻokolohua, e like me "hoʻohui i ʻelua Pac-Man me kahi kaula."
"E haki ʻo PETase i ka ʻili o ka ea, a e ʻoki hou ʻo MHETase, no laila e ʻike inā hiki iā mākou ke hoʻohana pū iā lākou e hoʻohālike i ke kūlana i ke kūlohelohe, me he mea lā kūlohelohe." ʻ Professorlelo ʻo Professor McGeehan.
"Ua hōʻike kā mākou hoʻokolohua mua e hana pū lākou me ka maikaʻi, no laila ua hoʻoholo mākou e hoʻāʻo e hoʻohui iā lākou."
"Ua hauʻoli loa mākou i ka ʻike ʻana i kā mākou enzyme chimeric hou he ʻekolu mau manawa ka wikiwiki o ka enzyme isolate kūlohelohe, nāna e wehe i nā ala hou no nā hoʻomaikaʻi hou aʻe."
Ua hoʻohana pū ʻo Professor McGeehan i ka Diamond Light Source, kahi synchrotron ma Oxfordshire. Hoʻohana ia i kahi X-ray ikaika 10 biliona mau manawa ʻoi aku ka mālamalama ma mua o ka lā e like me ka microscope, ka mea e lawa ka ikaika e ʻike i nā atoms pākahi.
Ua ʻae kēia i ka hui noiʻi e hoʻoholo i ke ʻano ʻekolu dimensional o ka MHETase enzyme a hāʻawi iā lākou i kahi blueprint mole e hoʻomaka i ka hoʻolālā ʻana i kahi ʻōnaehana enzyme wikiwiki.
Ma waho aʻe o ka PET, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia enemi nui no PEF (polyethylene furanate), kahi bioplastic i hoʻokumu ʻia me ke kō i hoʻohana ʻia no nā hue pia, ʻoiai ʻaʻole hiki ke wāwahi i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o nā plastics.
Ke ʻimi nei ka hui i nā ala e hoʻonui wikiwiki ai i ke kaʻina hana decomposition i hiki ai ke hoʻohana i ka ʻenehana no nā hana kalepa.
"ʻO ka wikiwiki o kā mākou hana ʻana i nā enzymes, ʻo ka wikiwiki o kā mākou decompose plastics, a me ke kiʻekiʻe o kāna hiki ke kūʻai aku," wahi a Professor McGeehan.
Ua paʻi ʻia kēia noiʻi ʻana i ka Proiding of the National Academy of Science.
