Masayendisiti akafemerwa naPac-Man uye vakagadzira iyo yekudyira yepurasitiki "yekudyira", iyo inogona kubatsira kubvisa marara epurasitiki.
Inosanganisira maviri enzymes-PETase uye MHETase-inogadzirwa nehutachiona hunonzi Ideonella sakaiensis unodya mabhodhoro epurasitiki.
Kusiyana nekudzikisirwa kwechisikigo, uko kunotora mazana emakore, iyi enzyme yakakura inogona kushandura plastiki kuita "zvikamu" zvayo zvepakutanga mukati memazuva mashoma.
Aya ma enzymes maviri anoshanda pamwechete, se "maviri Pac-Man akabatana netambo" achitsenga pane snack bhora.
Iyi nyowani nyowani nyowani inogaya epurasitiki katanhatu nekukurumidza kupfuura iyo yekutanga PETase enzyme yakawanikwa mu2018.
Chinangwa chayo i polyethylene terephthalate (PET), inowanzozivikanwa thermoplastic inoshandiswa kugadzira mabhodhoro ezvinwiwa zvinoraswa, zvipfeko, uye kapeti, izvo zvinowanzotora mazana emakore kuwora mune zvakatipoteredza.
Muzvinafundo John McGeehan weUniversity of Portsmouth akaudza agency yenhau yePA kuti parizvino, isu tinowana izvi zviwanikwa kubva kuzvisaririra zvakaita semafuta negasi rechisikigo. Izvi zvirokwazvo hazvigadzirisike.
"Asi kana isu tichigona kuwedzera enzymes kurasa plastiki, tinogona kuiputsa mumazuva mashoma."
Muna 2018, Purofesa McGeehan nechikwata chake vakagumburwa neshanduro yakashandurwa ye enzyme inonzi PETase iyo inogona kuputsa mapurasitiki mumazuva mashoma.
Mukudzidza kwavo kutsva, timu yekutsvagisa yakasanganisa PETase neimwe enzyme inonzi MHETase uye vakaona kuti "kugaya kwemabhodhoro epurasitiki kwakapetwa zvakapetwa kaviri."
Zvino, vaongorori vakashandisa genetic engineering kubatanidza ma enzymes maviri aya pamwechete murabhoritari, se "kubatanidza Pac-Man maviri netambo."
"PETase inozokanganisa kumeso kwepurasitiki, uye MHETase ichawedzera kucheka, saka ona kana tichigona kuishandisa pamwechete kutevedzera mamiriro ezvinhu mune zvakasikwa, zvinoita kunge zvakasikwa." Professor McGeehan vakadaro.
"Yedu yekutanga kuyedza yakaratidza kuti vanoshanda zvirinani pamwechete, saka takafunga kuyedza kuvabatanidza."
"Tinofara kwazvo kuona kuti enzyme yedu nyowani yechimeric inokurumidza zvakapetwa katatu kupfuura iyo enzyme yakasarudzika yakasarudzika, iyo inovhura nzira nyowani dzekuvandudza zvimwe."
Muzvinafundo McGeehan akashandisawo Diamond Light Source, synchrotron iri muOxfordshire. Inoshandisa X-ray ine simba gumi bhiriyoni kupenya kupfuura zuva se microscope, iyo yakasimba zvakakwana kuona maatomu ega.
Izvi zvakabvumidza timu yekutsvagisa kuti ione matatu-mativi mamiriro eMHETase enzyme uye nekuvapa mamorekuru chirongwa kutanga kugadzira inokurumidza enzyme system.
Pamusoro pePET, iyi enzyme yakakura inogona zvakare kushandiswa kune PEF (polyethylene furanate), shuga-based bioplastic inoshandiswa kumabhodhoro edoro, kunyange isingakwanise kuputsa mamwe marudzi epurasitiki.
Chikwata parizvino chiri kutsvaga nzira dzekuenderera nekukasira maitiro ekuora kuitira kuti tekinoroji ishandiswe kushambadzira.
"Tikakurumidza kugadzira maenzyme, tinokurumidza kuora mapurasitiki, uye nekukwirisa kushanda kwayo kwekutengesa," akadaro Professor McGeehan.
Uku kutsva kwakaburitswa muProceedings yeNational Academy yeSainzi.
