ʻO kā Côte dʻIvoire ʻoihana kāpili
ʻO Côte dʻIvoire ka mea hana nui loa o ʻApelika, me kahi huahana o 230,000 mau tona o ka pākeke. I ka 2015, ua hāʻule ke kumukūʻai mākeke wīwī i 225 West Africa francs / kg, ka mea i ʻoi aku ka hopena ma luna o ka ʻoihana kāpili o ka ʻāina, nā hui a me nā mahiʻai e pili ana. ʻO Côte dʻIvoire kekahi o ka lima o ka nui o ka aila i hana ʻia ma ka honua, me kahi huahana makahiki he 1,6 miliona mau tona o ka aila. Hoʻohana ka hana pāma i 2 miliona mau kānaka, e helu ana ma kahi o 10% o ka heluna o ka ʻāina.
I ka pane ʻana i ka ulia pōpilikia, ua ʻōlelo ʻo Pelekikena Ouattara o Côte dʻIvoire i kāna haʻi ʻōlelo ma ka New Year 2016 i ka 2016, e hoʻonui hou ke aupuni o Côte dʻIvoire i ka hoʻoponopono o nā hana kāpili a me nā pāma, ma ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka lakio o loaʻa kālā i ka hoʻopuka a me ka hoʻonui nui ʻana i ka loaʻa kālā o nā mahiʻai, hōʻoia i nā pono o nā mea hana kūpono.
Ua hoʻomohala wikiwiki ʻia ka kāpili kūlohelohe o Côte dʻIvoire i nā makahiki he 10 i hala aku nei, a ua lilo ka ʻāina i kēia manawa i mea hoʻopuka nui a hoʻopuka hoʻi ma ʻApelika.
ʻO ka mōʻaukala o ke kāpili maoli ʻApelika i hoʻokumu nui ʻia ma West Africa, Nigeria, Côte dʻIvoire, a me Liberia, ma ke ʻano he mau ʻāina hana ʻenekane ʻApelika, a ʻoi aku ka nui o 80% o ka huina o ʻApelika. Eia nō naʻe, i loko o ka manawa 2007-2008, ua heleleʻi ka hana a ʻApelika ma kahi o 500,000 mau tona, a laila hoʻonui mau ʻia, ma kahi o 575,000 mau tona i ka 2011/2012. I nā makahiki he 10 i hala iho nei, ua piʻi ka huahana o Côte dʻIvoire mai ka 135,000 tona i ka 2001/2002 a i ka 290,000 tone i ka 2012/2013, a ua piʻi ka hapa o nā hoʻopuka mai 31.2% a 44.5% i 10 mau makahiki. Kūlike ʻole i Nigeria, ua emi ka hana a Liberia e 42% i ka manawa like.
ʻO ka paukū kūlohelohe ʻo Côte dʻIvoire e hele nui mai nā mahiʻai liʻiliʻi. Loaʻa i kahi mea kanu kāpili maʻamau he 2,000 mau kumulāʻau i luna a i lalo, e helu ana no 80% o nā kumulāʻau āpau. ʻO nā koena he māla nui. Me ke kākoʻo mau ʻole mai ke aupuni ʻo Côte dʻIvoire no ke kanu ʻana o ka kāpili i nā makahiki i hala aku nei, ua piʻi mau ka ʻāpana o ka ʻāina i 420,000 hectares, a he 180,000 hectares i ohi ʻia; ke kumukūʻai o ka pākeke i nā makahiki he 10 i hala iho nei, ka hopena paʻa o nā kumulāʻau kāpili a me ka loaʻa kālā paʻa a lākou i lawe mai ai, a me kahi hoʻopukapuka liʻiliʻi i ka wā ma hope, i komo nui ai nā mahiʻai i ka ʻoihana.
ʻO ka hoʻopuka makahiki o nā ululāʻau kāpili o nā mahiʻai liʻiliʻi ma Côte dʻIvoire hiki i ka 1.8 tone / ha, ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā huahana mahiʻai e like me ka koko, ʻo 660 kg / ha wale nō. Hiki i ka hopena o nā mea kanu ke piʻi i 2.2 tone / ha. ʻO ka mea nui loa, kāpili Ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka ululāʻau e ʻokiʻoki, pono wale nō kahi waiwai liʻiliʻi i nā mea kanu kemika a me nā pesticides e koi ʻia ai. ʻOiai ʻo nā kumulāʻau ma Côte dʻIvoire e hoʻopili ʻia e ka pauka momona a me ka pala o ke aʻa, aia wale nō kahi mahele palena o 3% a 5%. Koe no ke kau deciduous ma Malaki a me ʻApelila, no nā mahiʻai kāpili, kūpaʻa ka loaʻa kālā makahiki. Hoʻohui ʻia, ʻo ka ʻĀpana ʻIvorian APROMAC ma o kekahi mau kālā hoʻomohala laholio, e like me 50% o ke kumukūʻai, ma kahi o 150-225 XOF / mau hua laholio i hāʻawi ʻia i nā mahiʻai liʻiliʻi no 1-2 mau makahiki, ma hope o ka ʻoki ʻana o nā kumulāʻau, e e hoʻihoʻi ʻia ma XOF 10-15 / kg. I ka APROMAC, hoʻolaha nui ʻia nā mahiʻai kūloko e komo i kēia ʻoihana.
ʻO kekahi o nā kumu no ka ulu wikiwiki ʻana o Côte dʻIvoire rubber e pili ana i ka hoʻokele o ke aupuni. I ka hoʻomaka o kēlā me kēia mahina, hoʻonohonoho ka ʻāpana kūpale o ka ʻāina ʻo APROMAC i ka 61% o ke kumukūʻai CIF o ka Singapore Commodity Exchange. I nā makahiki he 10 i hala iho nei, ua hōʻoia kēia ʻano lula i mea hoʻoikaika nui i nā mahiʻai kūloko kūloko e ʻimi i nā ala e hoʻonui ai i ka hana.
Ma hope o ka emi iki ʻana o ka pākeke ma waena o 1997 a me 2001, e hoʻomaka ana i ka makahiki 2003, ua piʻi mau ka piʻi ʻana o nā kumukūʻai lahui. ʻOiai ua hina lākou i kahi o XOF271 / kg i ka makahiki 2009, ua hōʻea ke kumu kūʻai i XOF766 / kg ma 2011 a hāʻule iā XOF444.9 / kg ma 2013. Kilograms. I loko o kēia kaʻina hana, ua hoʻomau mau ke kumukūʻai kūʻai i kau ʻia e APROMAC i ka pilina lōkahi ʻia me ke kumukūʻai pālolo kūwaho, e hoʻokūpaʻa pono ana nā mea mahiʻai laholio
ʻO kekahi kumu no ka pili loa o nā hale hana kāpena ma Côte dʻIvoire i nā wahi hana, kūʻai maʻamau lākou mai nā mahiʻai liʻiliʻi, e pale ana i nā loulou waena. Hiki i nā mahiʻai kāpili āpau ke loaʻa ke kumu kūʻai like me APROMAC, keu hoʻi ma hope o ka makahiki 2009. I ka pane ʻana i ka māhuahua o ka hana ʻana o nā hale hana kāpili a me ka pono no ka hoʻokūkū ma waena o nā hale hana kūloko no nā mea maka, kūʻai kekahi mau hui kāpili ma ke kumu kūʻai o XOF 10-30 / kg ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka APROMAC rubber e hōʻoia i ka hana ʻana, a hoʻonui a hoʻokumu i nā hale hana lālā i nā wahi mamao a kūkulu ʻole ʻia. Hoʻolahalaha nui ʻia nā kelu ʻohiʻohi i nā ʻāpana e hana ana i nā kāpili.
ʻO ke kāpili Côte dʻIvoire ka mea kūʻai aku āpau i waho, a ma lalo o 10% o kāna huahana e hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā huahana kāpili kūloko. ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o nā kāpili kāpili i nā makahiki ʻelima i hala aku nei e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻonui ʻana o nā huahana a me nā hoʻololi o nā kumukūʻai kūloko honua. I ka makahiki 2003, he 113 miliona mau kālā US wale nō ka waiwai hoʻolilo, a ua piʻi aʻe i 1.1 biliona kālā US i ka makahiki 2011. I loko o kēia wā, aia ma kahi o 960 miliona mau kālā US ma 2012. Ua lilo ʻo Rubber i mea kūʻai waiwai nui ʻelua o ka ʻāina, ʻelua wale nō i hoʻolilo koko. Ma mua o ka cashew nut, ka pulupulu a me ke kofe, ʻo ka huakaʻi nui e lawe aku ai i ʻEulopa, e helu ana he 48%; ʻo nā ʻāina mea kūʻai nui ʻo Kelemania, Sepania, Palani a me ʻItalia, a ʻo ka mea lawe nui ʻo Côte dʻIvoire rubber ma ʻApelika ʻo ʻApelika Hema. ʻO nā lawe mai o 180 miliona mau kālā US ma 2012, ukali ʻia e Malaysia a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe o nā mea hoʻolilo, aia ma kahi o 140 miliona US kālā. ʻOiai ʻaʻole nui ka nui o Kina, ua helu wale ʻia ia no 6% o Côte dʻIvoire's rubber hoʻolilo i ka makahiki 2012, akā ʻo ka ʻāina e ulu nei me ka wikiwiki loa, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka 18 paona i nā makahiki ʻekolu i hala aku nei e hōʻike ana i ka noi a Kina no ka kāpili ʻApelika i nā makahiki i hala iho nei.
I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, me ke komo pū ʻana o nā hui hou, ua noho mau ʻia ka ʻāpana nui o Côte dʻIvoire rubber e ʻekolu mau hui: SAPH, SOGB, a me TRCI. ʻO SAPH kahi lālā ʻoihana kāpili o SIFCA Group o Côte dʻIvoire. ʻAʻole wale nā māla kāpili, akā kūʻai pū kekahi i nā kāpili mai nā mahiʻai liʻiliʻi. Ua hana ʻia he 120,000 mau tona o ka pākeke ma 2012-2013, e helu ana no 44% o kā Côte dʻIvoire huina kāpili. ʻO nā mea i koe ʻelua, ʻo SOGB, ka mea e hoʻomalu ʻia e Belgian a me TRCI, ka mea e hoʻomalu ʻia e Singapore GMG, kēlā me kēia helu no 20% o ka mahele, a ʻo kekahi mau ʻoihana ʻē aʻe a me nā ʻoihana liʻiliʻi i koe no 15%.
ʻO kēia mau ʻoihana ʻekolu he mau mea kanu hana laholio. ʻO SAPH ka ʻoihana hana lahilahi nui loa, e helu ana ma kahi o 12% o ka hiki hana i 2012, a manaʻo ʻia e hiki aku i ka 124,000 mau tona o ka hana ma 2014, me SOGB a me TRCI helu no 17.6% a me 5.9%. Hoʻohui ʻia, aia kekahi mau ʻoihana e kū mai nei me ka nui o ka hana ʻana mai 21,000 tone a 41,000 tone. ʻO ka ʻoi loa ka hale hana kāpili CHC o SIAT ma Pelekiuma, e helu ana ma kahi o 9.4%, a me 6 mau hale hana kāpili ma Côte dʻIvoire (SAPH, SOGB, CHC, EXAT, SCC a me CCP) i hiki i ka 380,000 mau tona i ka 2013 a manaʻo ʻia e hōʻea i 440,000 tone i ka hopena o 2014.
ʻO ka hana a me ka hana ʻana i nā pika a me nā huahana kāpili ma Côte dʻIvoire ʻaʻole i hoʻomohala nui i nā makahiki i hala iho nei. Wahi a ka ʻikepili kūhelu, aia ʻekolu wale nō kamupene kāpili, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo SITEL, CCP a me ZENITH, i loaʻa i kahi koi makahiki he 760 o ka pākeke a ʻai ma lalo o 1% o ka hopena a Côte dʻIvoire. Aia kekahi mau hōʻike e ʻoi aku ka nui o nā huahana hoʻokūkū hoʻokūkū mai Kina. Hoʻopilikia i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā huahana hopena hopena ma ka ʻāina.
Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe o ʻApelika, loaʻa nā koina ʻo Côte dʻIvoire i ka ʻoihana kāpili, akā he alo pū kekahi i nā pilikia. ʻO ka mea nui ka hoʻomau mau ʻana o ka hāʻule o nā kumukūʻai lahulaha kūloko i nā makahiki i hala iho nei. ʻO ka emi ʻana ma mua o 40% i nā makahiki ʻelua i hala aku nei ua hoʻopili pū i ka hana o ka ʻāina i nā mahiʻai kāpili. ʻO ke kumukūʻai kūʻai i hōʻemi i ka hilinaʻi o nā mahiʻai kāpili. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hoʻolilo ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe o ka pākeke i ka nui o ka lako i ʻoi aku i ka noi. Ua hāʻule ke kumukūʻai o ka pākeke mai XOF766 / KG ma kona piko a 265 i Malaki 2014 (XOF 281 / i Pepeluali 2015). KG) Ua lilo kēia i mea e pau ai ka makemake o nā mea mahiʻai liʻiliʻi ma Ivory Coast i ka hoʻomohala hou aku.
ʻO ka lua, ʻo nā hoʻololi i ke kulekele ʻauhau a Côte dʻIvoire kekahi i pili i ka ʻoihana. ʻO ka nele o ka ʻauhau ka mea i hoʻolauna ka ʻāina i kahi ʻauhau ʻoihana pālaki 5% i ka makahiki 2012, e pili ana i ka ʻauhau loaʻa kālā ʻoihana 25% e kū nei a me ka XOF7500 ma ka hectare i hoʻoili ʻia ma nā māla like ʻole. ʻAuhau ʻauhau ma ke kumu. Hoʻohui ʻia, uku mau nā ʻauhau i ka ʻauhau hoʻohui waiwai (VAT) i ka lawe ʻana aku i ka lākeke. ʻOiai hiki i nā mea hana kāpili Ivorian ke hoʻohiki e loaʻa kahi uku hoʻihoʻi hapa mai ka ʻauhau i uku ʻia, ma muli o nā pilikia o ka ʻoihana nui o ke aupuni, lilo paha kēia uku kālā i mau kālā he nui. makahiki. ʻO nā ʻauhau kiʻekiʻe a me nā kumukūʻai lahilahi o ka honua i mea paʻakikī i nā ʻoihana kāpili e loaʻa kālā. I ka makahiki 2014, ua hāpai ke aupuni i nā hoʻoponopono hou ʻana i ka ʻauhau, hoʻopau i ka ʻauhau ʻoihana pālolo he 5%, e paipai ana i nā hui kūpale e kūʻai pololei i ke kāpili mai nā mahiʻai liʻiliʻi, e pale ana i ka loaʻa kālā o nā mahiʻai liʻiliʻi, a me ka paipai ʻana i ka hoʻomau i ka hoʻomohala ʻana.
He palaualelo nā kumukūʻai lahilahi, a ʻaʻole e hōʻole ka hopena o Côte dʻIvoire i ka wā pōkole. ʻIke ia e hoʻonui hou ka hana i ka wā waena a me ka wā lōʻihi. Wahi a ka wā ʻohiʻohi 6 mau makahiki o ka māla a me ka wā ʻohiʻohi 7-8 makahiki o ka pā kanu kāpili liʻiliʻi, ʻo ka hopena o nā kumulāʻau kāpili i kanu ʻia ma mua o ka piko o ke kumukūʻai kāpili ma 2011 e hoʻonui iki i nā makahiki e hiki mai ana. , a me ka hopena ma 2014 i hiki i 311,000 tone, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea i manaʻo ʻia he 296,000 mau tona. I ka 2015, manaʻo ʻia e hoʻopuka i 350,000 mau tona, e like me ka wānana o ka ʻāina APROMAC. Ma ka makahiki 2020, e hiki aku ana ka hana kāpili kūlohelohe o ka ʻāina i 600,000 tone.
Ua kālailai ʻia ka China-Africa Trade Research Center ma ke ʻano he mea hana nui loa i ʻApelika, ua ulu wikiwiki ʻo Côte dʻIvoire's rubber in 10 mau makahiki i hala iho nei, a ua lilo ka ʻāina i mea hana nui a hoʻopuka kūlohelohe ma ʻApelika. I kēia manawa, hoʻokuʻu pinepine ʻia ka kāpili Côte dʻIvoire a pau, a ʻo kāna ʻoihana o ka hana ʻana a me ka hana ʻana i nā pika a me nā huahana kāpili ʻaʻole i hoʻomohala nui i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, a ma lalo o 10% o kāna huahana i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hana ʻana i ka popoki kūloko a me ka hana. Aia kekahi mau hōʻike e pili ana nā huahana hoʻokūkū hoʻokūkū hou aku mai Kina i ka hoʻomohala ʻia o nā huahana hopena hopena ma ka ʻāina. I ka manawa like, ʻo Kina ka ʻāina me ka ulu wikiwiki loa o ka waiwai hoʻolilo mai Côte dʻIvoire, e hōʻike ana i ka noi nui a Kina no ka kāpili ʻApelika i nā makahiki i hala iho nei.
ʻO Côte dʻIvoire Rubber Association Directory
ʻO Côte dʻIvoire Rubber Puna Chamber of Commerce Directory
