Côte d'Ivoire ndiye mugadziri mukuru werabha muAfrica, inoburitswa pagore nemazana maviri nemakumi matatu ematani erabha. Muna 2015, mutengo wepasi rose wemusika werubha wakawira kumadhora mazana maviri nemakumi maviri nemashanu kumadokero kweAfrica / kg, izvo zvakakonzera zvakanyanya indasitiri yerabha yenyika, makambani ekugadzirisa anoenderana uye varimi. Côte d'Ivoire zvakare ndeyechishanu mukurusa wemafuta emuchindwe pasi rese, inoburitswa pagore mamirioni 1.6 matani emafuta emuchindwe. Indasitiri yemichindwe inoshandisa vanhu vanosvika mamirioni maviri, vachiverengera gumi muzana revagari vemunyika.
Mukupindura kunetsekero yeindasitiri yerabha, Mutungamiri Ouattara weCôte d'Ivoire akataura mune yake kero yegore Idzva ra2016 kuti muna 2016, hurumende yeCôte d'Ivoire ichawedzera kukurudzira kuvandudzwa kwemabhizimusi erabha nemichindwe, nekuwedzera huwandu hwe mari kuburitsa uye kuwedzera zvakanyanya mari yemurimi, Vimbisa mabhenefiti evanoshanda varapi.
Irabha reCôte d'Ivoire rakagadzirwa nekukurumidza mukati memakore gumi apfuura, uye nyika ikozvino yave mugadziri mukuru uye mutengesi kunze kweAfrica.
Nhoroondo yerabha yechisikigo yemu Africa yainyanya kukosheswa muWest Africa, Nigeria, Côte d'Ivoire, neLiberia, senyika dzinogadzira rabha dzemuAfrica, idzo dzaisanganisira zvinopfuura makumi masere muzana muzana yeAfrica. Nekudaro, mukati menguva ya2007-2008, kugadzirwa kweAfrica kwakadzika kusvika mazana mazana mashanu ezviuru zvematani, uye ndokuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma, kusvika kumatoni anosvika 575,000 muna 2011/2012. Mumakore gumi apfuura, kuburitswa kweCôte d'Ivoire kwakwira kubva pamatani 135,000 muna 2001/2002 kusvika pamatani 290,000 muna 2012/2013, uye huwandu hwezvakabuda hwakakwira kubva pa31.2% kusvika pa44.5% mumakore gumi. Kupesana neNigeria, mugove wekugadzira weLiberia wakadzikira ne42% panguva imwecheteyo.
Irabha chaiyo yeCôte d'Ivoire inouya kunyanya kubva kuvarimi vadiki. Mumwe murimi werabha anowanzove ne2,000 gum miti kumusoro uye pasi, achiverengera makumi masere muzana emiti yese yerabha. Mamwe ese masango makuru. Nerutsigiro rusingaperi kubva kuhurumende yeCôte d'Ivoire yekudyara rabha mumakore apfuura, nzvimbo yenyika yerabha yakawedzera zvishoma nezvishoma kusvika kumahekita 420,000, ayo mahekita e180,000 akakohwewa; mutengo werabha mumakore gumi apfuura, kugadzikana kwekuburitsa miti yerabha uye mari yakagadzikana yavakaunza, Uye mari shoma mudanho rekupedzisira, kuitira kuti varimi vazhinji vatore chikamu muindasitiri.
Kuburitswa kwegore negore kwemasango erabha evarimi vadiki muCôte d'Ivoire kunogona kazhinji kusvika matani 1.8 / ha, iri pamusoro zvakanyanya kupfuura zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvekurima senge cocoa, inongova 660 kg / ha. Kuburitswa kweminda kunogona kusvika pa2,2 matani / ha. Zvinotonyanya kukosha ndezvokuti, rabha Mushure mekunge sango ratanga kutemwa, inongova shoma shoma yekudyara mumakemikari mafetiraiza nemishonga yekuuraya zvipuka inodiwa. Kunyangwe iyo chingamu miti muCôte d'Ivoire ichikanganiswawo ne powdery mildew uye midzi kuora, panongova neyakaganhurirwa chikamu che3% kusvika 5%. Kunze kwemwaka wakasarudzika munaKurume naKubvumbi, kune varimi veirabha, mari yegore rino yakagadzikana. Uye zvakare, iyo manejimendi manejimendi manejimendi APROMAC zvakare kuburikidza nedzimwe mari yekuvandudza rabha, zvinoenderana ne50% yemutengo, anenge 150-225 XOF / mbesa dzerabha dzakapihwa varimi vadiki kwemakore 1-2, mushure mekunge miti yerabha yatemwa, ivo kudzorerwa kuXOF 10-15 / kg. KuAPROMAC, yakasimudzira zvikuru varimi vemuno kuti vapinde muindasitiri iyi.
Chimwe chezvikonzero zvekusimudzira kukurumidza kweCôte d'Ivoire rubber zvine chekuita nehutungamiriri hwehurumende. Pakutanga kwemwedzi wega wega, iyo yerubber agency agency APROMAC inoisa 61% yemutengo weCIF yerabha weSingapore Commodity Exchange. Mumakore gumi apfuura, iyi mhando yemutemo yakaratidza kukurudzira kukuru kune varimi vemarabha emuno kutsvaga nzira dzekuwedzera kugadzirwa.
Mushure mekudzikira kupfupi kwerabha pakati pa1997 na2001, kutanga muna2003, mitengo yerabha yepasi rose yakaramba ichikwira. Kunyangwe vakawira kwakatenderedza XOF271 / kg muna2009, mutengo wekutenga wakasvika paXOF766 / kg muna2011 ndokudonhera kuXOF444.9 / kg muna2013. Kilograms. Munguva yeichi chiitiko, mutengo wekutenga wakatarwa neAPROMAC wagara wakachengetedza hukama hwakawiriraniswa nemutengo wepasi rose werabha, zvichiita kuti varimi veirabha vawane pundutso.
Chimwe chikonzero ndechekuti sezvo mafekitori erabha muCôte d'Ivoire ari padyo nenzvimbo dzekugadzira, anowanzo tenga zvakananga kubva kuvarimi vadiki, achidzivirira hukama hwepakati. Vese varimi veRabha vanogona kuwana mutengo mumwe chete seAPROMAC, kunyanya mushure megore ra2009. Mukupindura kuwanda kwekugadzira kugona kwemafekitori erabha uye kudiwa kwekukwikwidzana pakati pemafekitori enharaunda ezvigadzirwa, mamwe makambani erabha anotenga nemutengo weXOF 10-30. / kg yakakwira kupfuura APROMAC rubber kuona kugadzirwa, uye kuwedzera uye kumisikidza mafekitori ebazi munzvimbo dziri kure uye dzisina kusimukira. Glue kuunganidza zviteshi zvinoparadzirwawo munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana dzinogadzira rabha.
Irabha reCôte d'Ivoire rinonyanya kutumirwa kunze, uye isingasviki gumi muzana yezvibereko zvayo inoshandiswa kugadzira zvigadzirwa zverabha zvemumba. Kuwedzera kwekutengesa kunze kwerabha mumakore mashanu apfuura kunoratidza kuwedzera kwezvakabuda uye shanduko mumitengo yepasi rose yerabha. Muna 2003, mari yekutengesa kunze yaingove 113 mamirioni emadhora ekuAmerica, uye yakakwira kusvika pamabhiriyoni e1,1 emadhora ekuAmerica muna 2011. Munguva iyi, yaive nemamiriyoni mazana mapfumbamwe emakumi mapfumbamwe emadhora ekuAmerica muna2012. Rubber yakave yechipiri yekutengesa zvinhu kunze kwenyika, kechipiri kune cocoa kunze kwenyika. Pamberi penzungu, donje nekofi, nzvimbo huru yekuendesa kunze kwaive kuEurope, kuverengera 48%; nyika huru dzevatengi dzaive Germany, Spain, France neItaly, uye mutengesi mukuru weCôte d'Ivoire rabha muAfrica yaive South Africa. Kunze kwenyika kwemamiriyoni zana nemakumi masere emadhora ekuAmerica muna2012, kuchiteverwa neMalaysia neUnited States pachinhanho chekutengeswa kwenyika, ese ari madhora zana nemakumi mana emadhora ekuAmerica. Kunyangwe China isiri hombe muhuwandu, inongoverengerwa ku6% yeCôte d'Ivoire inotumirwa kunze kwenyika yerabha muna2012, asi nyika inokura nekukurumidza, Iyo 18-fold inowedzera mumakore matatu apfuura inoratidza kudiwa kweChina kwerabha yeAfrica mumakore apfuura.
Mumakore achangopfuura, kunyangwe kubatanidzwa kwemakambani matsva, mugove mukuru weCôte d'Ivoire rubber yakagara ichigara nemakambani matatu: SAPH, SOGB, uye TRCI. SAPH ibhizimusi rebhara rinotsigira reSIFCA Boka reCôte d'Ivoire. Iyo haina chete ine rabha masango, asi zvakare inotenga rabha kubva kuvarimi vadiki. Yakaburitsa 120,000 matani erabha mu2012-2013, ichiverengera 44% yeCôte d'Ivoire yakazara rabha mugove. Dzakasara mbiri, SOGB, iyo inodzorwa neBelgium neTRCI, iyo inodzorwa neSingapore GMG, account yega yega yeinosvika makumi maviri muzana yemugove, uye mamwe makambani nemabhizimusi madiki anoverengera asara e15%.
Aya makambani matatu anewo ekugadzira michina yerabha. SAPH ndiyo yakakura kambani inogadzira rabha, inoverenga ingangoita 12% yemagetsi ekugadzira mu2012, uye inotarisirwa kusvika matani 124,000 ekugadzirwa muna2014, iine SOGB neTRCI kuverengera 17.6% uye 5.9% zvichiteerana. Uye zvakare, kune mamwe makambani ari kubuda ane huwandu hwekugadzirisa kubva pamakumi maviri ezviuru zvematani kusvika kumatani makumi mana nezviuru. Chikuru pane zvese CHC yerabha fekitori yeSIAT muBelgium, inoverenga ingangoita 9.4%, uye matanhatu mafekitori erabha muCôte d'Ivoire (SAPH, SOGB, CHC, EXAT, SCC uye CCP) huwandu hwekugadzirisa huwandu hwasvika matani 380,000 muna 2013 uye iri inotarisirwa kusvika matani mazana mana nemakumi mana pakupera kwa2014.
Kugadzirwa uye kugadzirwa kwematai uye zvigadzirwa zverabha muCôte d'Ivoire hazvina kukura zvakanyanya mumakore apfuura. Sekureva kwedhata repamutemo, pane matatu chete makambani erabha, anoti SITEL, CCP neZENITH, ayo ane mubatanidzwa wepagore wekuda matani 760 erabha uye anoshandisa isingasviki 1% yezvakabuda kuCôte d'Ivoire. Kune mishumo yekuti zvimwe zvinokwikwidza zvigadzirwa zverabha zvinobva kuChina. Inokanganisa kugadzirwa kwemarabha ekupedzisira zvigadzirwa munyika.
Ichienzaniswa nedzimwe nyika dzeAfrica, Côte d'Ivoire ine zvayakanakira muindasitiri yerabha, asi zvakare inosangana nematambudziko mazhinji. Chikuru pane zvese kuramba kuri kuderera mumitengo yepasi rose yerabha mumakore achangopfuura. Kuderera kweanodarika makumi mana muzana mumakore maviri apfuura kwakanganisa zvakare kuyedza kwenyika kune varimi veRabha. Mutengo wekutenga wakadzora chivimbo chevarimi veirabha. Mumakore achangopfuura, mutengo wakakwira werabha wakonzera huwandu hwehuwandu kupfuudza izvo zvaidiwa. Mutengo werabha wakadonha kubva kuXOF766 / KG pakakwirira kusvika pa265 munaKurume 2014 (XOF 281 / munaFebruary 2015). KG) Izvi zvakakonzera varimi vadiki vemaRabha muIvory Coast kurasikirwa nechido mukuenderera mberi.
Kechipiri, shanduko muCôte d'Ivoire yemitero inokanganisawo indasitiri. Kushaikwa kwemitero kwakakonzera kuti nyika iunze mutero webhizimusi we5% muna2012, inoenderana nemutero wemari yemakambani uripo 25% uye XOF7500 pahekita yakatorwa paminda yakasiyana. Mitero inobhadharwa pahwaro. Uye zvakare, makambani achiri kubhadhara kukosha-kuwedzerwa mutero (VAT) pakutumira rabha. Kunyangwe ivo vagadziri veIvory rabha vachigona kuvimbisa kuwana mari shoma kubva pamutero wakabhadharwa, nekuda kwekunetseka kwehurongwa hukuru hwehurumende, iyi yekudzoreredza inogona kuita madhora akati wandei. gore. Mitero yakakwira nemitengo yepasi rose yerabha yaita kuti zviomere makambani erabha kuwana purofiti. Muna 2014, hurumende yakaronga kushandurwa kwemitero, kubvisa mutero wemabhizimusi we5%, ichikurudzira makambani erabha kuti arambe achitenga rabha zvakananga kubva kuvarimi vadiki, kuchengetedza mari yevarimi vadiki, uye kukurudzira rabha Kuenderera mberi nekusimudzira.
Mitengo yepasi rose yerabha ine husimbe, uye kuburitswa kweCôte d'Ivoire hakuzodzikire munguva pfupi. Zviripachena kuti iyo gadzira ichawedzera kumberi mune yepakati nepakati yakareba. Zvinoenderana nenguva yekukohwa yemakore matanhatu uye nguva yekukohwa yemakore manomwe nemasere yeminda midiki yerabha yevarimi, goho remiti yerabha yakadyarwa pamberi pemutengo weRubber muna 2011 uchingowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma mumakore anotevera. , uye zvakabuditswa muna 2014 zvasvika 311,000 Matani, zvichidarika zvaitarisirwa pamatani 296,000. Muna 2015, zvakabuditswa zvinotarisirwa kusvika matani mazana matatu nemazana mashanu ezviuru, maererano nekufungidzira kwenyika yeAPROMAC. Pakazosvika 2020, nyika inogadzira rabha inosvika matani mazana matanhatu ezviuru.
China-Africa Trade Research Center yakaongorora kuti semugadziri mukuru werabha muAfrica, yerabha chaiyo yeCôte d'Ivoire yakawedzera nekukurumidza mukati memakore gumi apfuura, uye nyika yave kuita mukurusa uye mutengesi kunze kwenyika muAfrica. Parizvino, rabha reCôte d'Ivoire rinonyanya kutumirwa kunze kwenyika, uye indasitiri yayo yekugadzira nekugadzira matairi uye zvigadzirwa zverabha haina kukura zvakanyanya mumakore achangopfuura, uye isingasviki gumi muzana yezvibudiso zvayo inoshandiswa mukugadzira mbichana kugadzira uye kugadzira. Kune mishumo yekuti zvimwe zvinokwikwidza zvigadzirwa zverabha zvinobva kuChina zvakakanganisa kugadzirwa kwezvigadzirwa zverabha munyika. Panguva imwecheteyo, China ndiyo nyika ine kukura nekuchimbidzika mukubuditsa rabha kubva kuCôte d'Ivoire, ichiratidza kudiwa kukuru kweChina kwerabha yeAfrica mumakore apfuura.
Côte d'Ivoire Rubber Sangano Dhairekitori
Cote d'Ivoire Rubber Mould Chamber of Commerce Dhairekitori
