Nk’ubukungu bwa kabiri muri Afurika n’ubukungu n’igihugu kinini gituwe cyane, isoko ry’ibicuruzwa by’imodoka n’ibinyabiziga bya Nijeriya nabyo birakenewe cyane kandi biterwa ahanini n’ibitumizwa mu mahanga.
1. Nigeriya ikenera imodoka nini
Nijeriya ikungahaye ku mutungo kandi ni ubukungu bwa kabiri muri Afurika. Ifite abaturage miliyoni 180, nicyo gihugu gituwe cyane muri Afurika, kandi gifite imodoka miliyoni 5.
Isoko ryimodoka muri Nigeriya rifite amahirwe menshi. Kubera ko gari ya moshi ya Nijeriya isubira inyuma kandi ubwikorezi rusange ntabwo bwateye imbere, imodoka zahindutse igikoresho cya ngombwa. Ariko, kubera iterambere ryubukungu n’urwego rw’igihugu rwinjiza, hamwe n’ikinyuranyo kinini hagati y’abakire n’abakene, kuri ubu kandi ni kirekire mu gihe kizaza. Imbere, isoko ryayo rizakomeza kwiganjemo imodoka zihenze kandi zikoreshwa.
Ibisabwa ku modoka nshya muri Nijeriya ni hafi 75.000 / umwaka, mu gihe icyifuzo cy’imodoka zikoreshwa kirenga ibice 150.000 / umwaka, bingana na bibiri bya gatatu by’ibisabwa byose. hafi bibiri bya gatatu by'imodoka zisanzwe zikoreshwa imodoka. Kandi ibyinshi mubisabwa bigomba gushingira kubitumizwa mu mahanga, imodoka zihenze zifite ibicuruzwa byinjira cyane kandi bikamenyekana muri Nijeriya. Ibicuruzwa bike byo muri Nigeriya byo gusana amamodoka hamwe nibicuruzwa bihenze nabyo bituma ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga bikoresha ibicuruzwa bihendutse cyane ku isoko rya Nigeriya.
2. Isoko ryimodoka ryo muri Nigeriya ahanini rishingiye kubitumizwa hanze
Ibyinshi bisabwa ku isoko ryimodoka ya Nigeriya biva mubitumizwa hanze, harimo imodoka nshya kandi zikoreshwa.
Ubucuruzi bwa Nijeriya bwateye imbere vuba mu myaka yashize, kandi imbaraga z’ubukungu, ubushobozi bw’isoko n’ubushobozi bw’iterambere, ndetse n’ubushobozi bw’imirasire y’akarere muri Afurika y’iburengerazuba, Afurika yo hagati na Afurika y'Amajyaruguru birakomeye cyane. Kubera ko ubwikorezi bwa Nijeriya ahanini ari umuhanda, ibinyabiziga byahindutse uburyo bwingenzi bwo gutwara abantu, ariko Nigeriya ibura inganda zayo bwite z’igihugu. Kugira ngo isoko ry’ibinyabiziga bikenerwa mu gihugu, Nijeriya itumiza imodoka nyinshi.
Ntabwo ari ugukabya kuvuga ko Abanyanijeriya bishimiye kuba bashoboye gutwara imodoka.
Muri Nijeriya, ubuzima bwa serivisi bwimodoka bwaragabanutse cyane kubera imiterere mibi yumuhanda, ahacururizwa imodoka nke nibice bihenze.
Kubera ko nta modoka zavanyweho, hafi ya zose zishingikiriza ku gusimbuza ibice by'imodoka kugirango zibungabunge ubuzima bwazo nyuma yubuzima bwabo burenze. Mu isoko ry’ibinyabiziga bya Nijeriya, ntabwo bigoye kubona ko ibicuruzwa byimodoka bifite imikorere ihenze cyane bishakishwa cyane kubera ubwiza bwabyo nibiciro biri hasi. kubwibyo. Imodoka nibikoresho muri Afrika biratanga ikizere. Igihe cyose ikibanza cyatoranijwe, ibiciro byumvikana na serivisi nziza zongerewe, ubushobozi bwisoko ni bunini.
3. Nijeriya ifite ibiciro biri hasi
Usibye kuba isoko rinini rishobora kuba, guverinoma yateye inkunga cyane inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga. Dukurikije ibiciro biheruka gutangazwa na gasutamo ya Nijeriya, inzego enye z’ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga 5%, 10%, 20% na 35% bishyirwa ku bicuruzwa by’imodoka. Muri byo, imodoka zitwara abagenzi (imyanya 10 cyangwa irenga), amakamyo n’ibindi binyabiziga by’ubucuruzi bifite igipimo gito cy’imisoro, muri rusange 5% cyangwa 10%. 20% gusa niho hashyirwaho ibinyabiziga bitwara ibiziga bine bitumizwa mu mahanga; ku binyabiziga bitwara abagenzi (harimo n'imodoka), Imodoka zitwara abagenzi n'imodoka zo gusiganwa), igipimo cy'umusoro muri rusange ni 20% cyangwa 35%; ibinyabiziga bidasanzwe bigamije, nko kwipakurura amakamyo aremereye, crane, amakamyo yumuriro, nibindi, byishyurwa ku giciro cya 5%; ibinyabiziga bifite moteri cyangwa ibinyabiziga bidafite moteri kubafite ubumuga Byose ni ibiciro bya zeru. Mu rwego rwo kurinda uruganda rukora amamodoka muri Nijeriya, gasutamo ya Nijeriya ishyiraho gusa 5% ku modoka zose zitumizwa mu mahanga.
Ubuyobozi bw'ishyirahamwe ry'abakora ibinyabiziga mu Bushinwa
Ubushinwa Ibice byimodoka Urugaga rwubucuruzi
