Imashini ibumba imashini ni imashini itunganya plastike. Nyuma ya pulasitike y'amazi imaze guterwa, umuyaga uhuhwa na mashini ukoreshwa kugirango uhindure umubiri wa plastike muburyo runaka bwurwungano ngogozi kugirango ukore ibicuruzwa. Ubu bwoko bwimashini yitwa imashini ibumba. Plastike yashongeshejwe kandi ikaboneka mu bwinshi, hanyuma igakorwa binyuze muri firime yo mu kanwa, hanyuma igakonjeshwa n'impeta y'umuyaga, hanyuma traktor ikururwa ku muvuduko runaka, hanyuma umuyaga ukayihindura mu muzingo.
Alias: Imashini ikora imashini
Izina ry'icyongereza: blow molding
Gukubita ibicu, bizwi kandi nka hollow blow molding, nuburyo bwihuse bwo gutunganya plastike. Paruwasi ya pulasitike ya tubular yabonetse mugusohora cyangwa gutera inshinge za resimoplastique zishyirwa mubice bigabanijwemo igihe bishyushye (cyangwa bishyushye byoroheje). Iyo ifu imaze gufungwa, umwuka wugarijwe winjizwa muri gereza kugirango uhuhishe paruwasi ya plastike Iraguka kandi ifata ku rukuta rwimbere rwikibumbano, hanyuma nyuma yo gukonjesha no kumeneka, haboneka ibicuruzwa bitandukanye. Igikorwa cyo gukora firime ya firime kirasa cyane muburyo bwo guhanagura ibicuruzwa bidafite akamaro, ariko ntibikoresha ibishushanyo. Urebye uburyo bwa tekinoroji yo gutunganya plastike, uburyo bwo kubumba firime ya firime isanzwe ishyirwa mubikorwa. Uburyo bwo kubumba bwakoreshejwe mu gukora ibishishwa bya polyethylene nkeya mu Ntambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose. Mu mpera za 1950, hamwe n’ivuka rya polyethylene yuzuye kandi hanatezwa imbere imashini zikoresha imashini zikoresha imashini zikoreshwa cyane. Ingano yikintu cyuzuye gishobora kugera kuri litiro ibihumbi, kandi umusaruro runaka wafashe mudasobwa. Plastike ikwiranye no guhumeka harimo polyethylene, chloride polyvinyl, polypropilene, polyester, nibindi. Ibikoresho bivamo ubusa bikoreshwa cyane nkibikoresho byo gupakira inganda.
Ukurikije uburyo bwo kubyaza umusaruro gereza, guhindurwa gukubitwa birashobora kugabanywa muburyo bwo gukuramo ibicuruzwa no gutera inshinge. Ibishya bishya byatejwe imbere no guhanagura.
Ingaruka zo kuzigama ingufu
Ingufu zo kuzigama imashini ibumba irashobora kugabanywamo ibice bibiri: kimwe ni igice cyingufu ikindi nigice cyo gushyushya.
Kuzigama ingufu mubice byingufu: Byinshi muri inverter zikoreshwa. Uburyo bwo kuzigama ingufu ni ukuzigama ingufu zisigaye za moteri. Kurugero, imbaraga nyazo za moteri ni 50Hz, kandi mubyukuri ukeneye 30Hz gusa mumusaruro kugirango uhagije kubyara umusaruro, kandi ingufu zirenze urugero nubusa Niba ari impfabusa, inverter nuguhindura ingufu ziva muri moteri kugirango igere ku ngaruka zo kuzigama ingufu.
Kuzigama ingufu mu gice cyo gushyushya: Byinshi mu bizigama ingufu mu gice cyo gushyushya ni ugukoresha ibyuma bifata amashanyarazi, kandi igipimo cyo kuzigama ingufu ni 30% -70% bya coil ishaje.
1. Ugereranije no gushyushya ubushyuhe, umushyushya wa electromagnetique ufite urwego rwinyongera rwo kwizirika, byongera igipimo cyo gukoresha ingufu zubushyuhe.
2. Ugereranije no gushyushya ibintu, ubushyuhe bwa electromagnetic bukora ku muyoboro wibikoresho kugirango ushushe, bigabanya gutakaza ubushyuhe bwo kohereza ubushyuhe.
3. Ugereranije no gushyushya birwanya, ubushyuhe bwo gushyushya amashanyarazi ya electronique burenze kimwe cya kane cyihuta, bigabanya igihe cyo gushyuha.
4. Ugereranije no gushyushya birwanya, ubushyuhe bwo gushyushya amashanyarazi ya electromagnetic bwihuta, kandi umusaruro uratera imbere. Moteri iri muburyo bwuzuye, igabanya igihombo cyamashanyarazi iterwa nimbaraga nyinshi nibisabwa bike.
Izi ngingo enye zavuzwe haruguru nimpamvu zituma Feiru electromagnetic ashyushya ishobora kuzigama ingufu kugeza 30% -70% kumashini ibumba.
Gutondekanya imashini
Imashini ifata imashini irashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bitatu: imashini zivamo ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga, imashini zitera inshinge hamwe n’imashini zidasanzwe zikora imashini. Imashini irambuye imashini irashobora kuba imwe muribyiciro byavuzwe haruguru. Imashini ya Extrusion blowing imashini ni ihuriro rya extruder, imashini ifata imashini hamwe nuburyo bwo gufatisha imashini, bigizwe na extruder, parison ipfa, igikoresho cy’ifaranga, uburyo bwo gufatisha imashini, uburyo bwo kugenzura umubyimba wa parison hamwe nuburyo bwo kohereza. Gupfa gufungwa nikimwe mubice byingenzi bigena ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa byacuzwe. Mubisanzwe hariho ibiryo byo kuruhande bipfa kandi ibiryo byo hagati bipfa. Iyo ibicuruzwa binini byahinduwe neza, ububiko bwa silinderi yo kubika bipfa gukoreshwa. Ikigega cyo kubikamo gifite byibuze byibuze 1kg nubunini ntarengwa bwa 240kg. Igikoresho cyo kugenzura ubugari bwa parison gikoreshwa mugucunga urukuta rwa parison. Ingingo zo kugenzura zishobora kugera ku manota 128, muri rusange amanota 20-30. Imashini isohora imashini ishobora kubyara ibicuruzwa bidafite ubunini buri hagati ya 2.5ml na 104l.
Imashini itera inshinge nuruvange rwimashini itera inshinge hamwe nuburyo bwo guhumeka, harimo uburyo bwa plastike, sisitemu ya hydraulic, kugenzura ibikoresho byamashanyarazi nibindi bice bya mashini. Ubwoko busanzwe ni imashini iterwa na sitasiyo eshatu na mashini yo gutera inshinge enye. Imashini ya sitasiyo eshatu ifite sitasiyo eshatu: gereza yateguwe, ifaranga no kumanuka, buri sitasiyo itandukanijwe na 120 °. Imashini ya sitasiyo enye ifite indi sitasiyo imwe, buri sitasiyo itandukanye 90 °. Mubyongeyeho, hariho imashini itera inshinge ebyiri imashini itandukanya 180 ° itandukanya sitasiyo. Igikoresho cya pulasitiki cyakozwe na mashini yo gutera inshinge gifite ibipimo bifatika kandi ntibisaba gutunganywa kabiri, ariko igiciro cyacyo ni kinini.
Imashini idasanzwe yububiko bwa mashini ni imashini ibumba ikoresha impapuro, ibikoresho bishongeshejwe hamwe nubukonje bukonje nka gereza kugirango uhindure imibiri yubusa ifite imiterere yihariye kandi ikoreshwa. Bitewe nuburyo butandukanye nibisabwa mubicuruzwa byakozwe, imiterere yimashini ikora imashini nayo iratandukanye.
Ibiranga ibyiza
1. Umuyoboro wo hagati wa shitingi hamwe na silinderi bikozwe muri chromium 38CrMoAlA, molybdenum, aluminiyumu ikoresheje imiti ya azote, ifite ibyiza byo kubyibuha cyane, kurwanya ruswa no kwihanganira kwambara.
2. Umutwe upfa ushyizwemo chrome, kandi imiterere ya screw spindle ituma isohoka irushaho kuba myiza kandi neza, kandi ikuzuza neza firime yavuzwe. Imiterere igoye ya mashini ivuza firime ituma gaze isohoka cyane. Igice cyo guterura gifata imiterere ya kare kare, kandi uburebure bwikadiri yo guterura burashobora guhita buhindurwa ukurikije ibisabwa bitandukanye bya tekiniki.
3. Ibikoresho byo gupakurura bifata ibyuma bizunguruka hamwe nibikoresho bizunguruka hagati, kandi bigakoresha moteri ya torque kugirango ihindure neza firime, byoroshye gukora.
Ihame ry'imikorere / Incamake muri make:
Mubikorwa byo gutunganya firime, uburinganire bwamafirime nikimenyetso cyingenzi. Uburinganire bwuburebure burebure burashobora kugenzurwa no guhagarara kwumuvuduko ukabije no gukwega umuvuduko, mugihe uburinganire bwimyororokere ya firime busanzwe bushingiye kubikorwa byakozwe neza. , Kandi uhindure hamwe no guhindura ibipimo byibikorwa. Kugirango tunoze uburinganire bwa firime mubyerekezo bihindagurika, hagomba gushyirwaho sisitemu yo kugenzura uburebure bwikora. Uburyo busanzwe bwo kugenzura burimo gupfa umutwe (kugenzura kwaguka kwamashanyarazi) hamwe nimpeta yumwuka. Hano turamenyekanisha cyane cyane impeta yo mu kirere Ihame na progaramu.
Shingiro
Imiterere yimpeta yikirere ikoresha uburyo bubiri bwo gusohora umwuka, aho ubwinshi bwumwuka wumuyaga wo hasi uhora uhoraho, kandi ikirere cyo hejuru kigabanyijemo imiyoboro myinshi. Buri muyoboro wo mu kirere ugizwe n'ibyumba byo mu kirere, indangagaciro, moteri, n'ibindi. Moteri itwara valve kugirango ihindure ifungura ry'umuyoboro w'ikirere Kugenzura ubwinshi bw'umwuka wa buri muyoboro.
Mugihe cyo kugenzura, ibimenyetso byerekana uburebure bwa firime byerekanwe nubushakashatsi bwo gupima uburebure bwoherejwe kuri mudasobwa. Mudasobwa igereranya ibimenyetso byubugari hamwe nuburinganire buringaniye buringaniye, ikora ibarwa ishingiye ku gutandukana kwubunini no guhindura umurongo, kandi igenzura moteri kugirango itware valve kugirango yimuke. Iyo ari ntoya, moteri ijya imbere hanyuma tuyere ifunga; muburyo bunyuranye, moteri igenda yerekeza inyuma, kandi tuyere iriyongera. Muguhindura amajwi kuri buri ngingo kumuzenguruko wimpeta yumuyaga, hindura umuvuduko ukonje wa buri ngingo kugirango ugenzure uburebure bwuruhande rwa firime murwego rwagenewe.
Gahunda yo kugenzura
Impeta yumuyaga ikora ni sisitemu yo kugenzura igihe nyacyo. Ibintu bigenzurwa na sisitemu ni moteri nyinshi zagabanijwe kumpeta yumuyaga. Umuyaga ukonje woherejwe nabafana ukwirakwizwa kuri buri muyoboro wumuyaga nyuma yumuvuduko uhoraho mubyumba byumuyaga. Moteri itwara valve kugirango ifungure kandi yegere kugirango ihindure ubunini bwa tuyere nubunini bwikirere, kandi ihindure ingaruka zo gukonjesha firime yambaye ubusa iyo apfuye. Kugirango ugenzure ubunini bwa firime, duhereye kubikorwa byo kugenzura, nta sano isobanutse iri hagati yubunini bwa firime nigiciro cyo kugenzura moteri. Ubunini bwa firime hamwe na valve umwanya wa valve ihinduka hamwe nigiciro cyo kugenzura ntabwo ari umurongo kandi udasanzwe. Igihe cyose valve ihinduwe Igihe kigira ingaruka zikomeye kumpande zegeranye, kandi ihinduka rifite hystereze, kuburyo ibihe bitandukanye bifitanye isano. Kuri ubu bwoko bwumurongo udafite umurongo, gukomera, guhuza ibihe no kugenzura sisitemu idashidikanywaho, imiterere yimibare yabyo ntishoboka rwose Gushirwaho, nubwo imiterere yimibare ishobora gushirwaho, biragoye cyane kandi biragoye kubikemura, kuburyo idafite agaciro gafatika. Igenzura rya gakondo rifite ingaruka nziza zo kugenzura kurugero rusobanutse rwo kugenzura, ariko rufite ingaruka mbi zo kugenzura kumurongo utari muto, kutamenya neza, hamwe namakuru yatanzwe. Ndetse nta mbaraga. Urebye ibi, twahisemo kugenzura algorithm ya fuzzy. Mugihe kimwe, uburyo bwo guhindura fuzzy quantisation fonctionnement ikoreshwa kugirango ihuze neza noguhindura ibipimo bya sisitemu.
