Umshini igalelo udini kuyinto plastic ukucutshungulwa umshini. Ngemuva kokukhishwa kukapulasitiki oketshezi, umoya oshaywa umshini usetshenziselwa ukushaya umzimba wepulasitiki esimweni esithile somgodi wesikhunta ukwenza umkhiqizo. Lolu hlobo lomshini lubizwa ngokuthi umshini wokubumba igalelo. Ipulasitiki iyancibilika futhi ikhishwe ngobuningi ku-screw extruder, bese yakhiwa ngefilimu yomlomo, bese ipholisa ngendandatho yomoya, bese kugandaganda ugandaganda ngejubane elithile, bese i-winder ikuvimbezela ku-roll.
I-alias: Umshini wokubumba ongenalutho
Igama lesiNgisi: blow molding
Blow udini, owaziwa nangokuthi eziyize igalelo udini, kuyindlela ekhula ngokushesha plastic ukucutshungulwa indlela. Isigaxa sepulasitiki esiyifubula esitholwe yi-extrusion noma i-injection molding ye-resin ye-thermoplastic ibekwa kusikhunta esihlukanisiwe ngenkathi kusashisa (noma kufudunyezwa kusimo esithambile). Ngemuva kokuthi isikhunta sivaliwe, umoya ocindezelweyo ufakwa ngaphakathi kwesiphepho ukushaya ipharishi lepulasitiki Iyanweba futhi inamathele odongeni lwangaphakathi lwesikhunta, kuthi ngemuva kokupholisa nokudiliza, kutholakala imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene engenalutho. Inqubo yokukhiqiza yefilimu eshisiwe ifana kakhulu nenqubo yokushaya ukubumba kwemikhiqizo engenalutho, kepha ayisebenzisi isikhunta. Ngokombono wokuhlukaniswa kobuchwepheshe bepulasitiki, inqubo yokubumba yefilimu eshaywayo ivame ukufakwa ku-extrusion. Inqubo yokubumba igalelo yasetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izitsha ze-polyethylene ezisezingeni eliphansi phakathi neMpi Yezwe II. Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1950, ngokuzalwa kwe-polyethylene ephakeme kakhulu kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwemishini yokubumba igalelo, ubuchwepheshe bokubumba i-blow busetshenziswe kabanzi. Umthamo wesitsha esingenalutho ungafinyelela ezinkulungwaneni zamalitha, futhi okunye ukukhiqizwa sekusebenzise ukulawulwa kwamakhompyutha. Ama-plastiki afaneleka ekubunjweni kwegalelo afaka i-polyethylene, i-polyvinyl chloride, i-polypropylene, i-polyester, njll. Iziqukathi ezingenalutho ezingaba khona zisetshenziswa kabanzi njengeziqukathi zokupakisha ezimbonini.
Ngokwendlela yokukhiqiza ye-parison, i-blow molding ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-extrusion blow molding ne-injection blow molding. Ubumba olusha olusungulwe kabusha lwe-blow molding nokwelulwa kwe-blow blow.
Amandla okonga umphumela
Ukonga amandla komshini wokubumba igalelo kungahlukaniswa kube izingxenye ezimbili: enye ingxenye yamandla kanti enye ingxenye yokushisa.
Ukonga amandla engxenyeni yamandla: Kusetshenziswa iningi lama-inverters. Indlela yokonga amandla ukonga amandla asalayo enjini. Isibonelo, amandla wangempela emoto angama-50Hz, futhi empeleni udinga kuphela ama-30Hz ekukhiqizeni ukuze anele ekukhiqizeni, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngokweqile kuyize Uma kumoshwa, inverter ukuguqula ukukhishwa kwamandla motor ukufeza umphumela wokonga amandla.
Ukonga amandla engxenyeni yokushisa: Amandla amaningi wokonga engxenyeni yokushisa ukusetshenziswa kwama-heater kagesi, futhi isilinganiso sokonga amandla cishe singama-30% -70% wekhoyili yakudala yokumelana namandla.
1. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokushisa kokumelana, i-heater ye-electromagnetic inesendlalelo esingeziwe sokufakwa, okwandisa izinga lokusetshenziswa kwamandla okushisa.
2. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokushisa kokumelana, i-heater ye-electromagnetic isebenza ngqo kuthubhu yezinto ukushisa, kunciphisa ukulahleka kokushisa kokudluliswa kokushisa.
3. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokushisa kokumelana, isivinini sokushisa se-heater kagesi singaphezu kwengxenye eyodwa kwezine ngokushesha, okunciphisa isikhathi sokushisa.
4. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokushisa kokumelana, isivinini sokushisa se-heater kagesi siyashesha, futhi ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kuyathuthukiswa. I-motor isesimweni esigcwele, esinciphisa ukulahleka kwamandla okubangelwa amandla aphezulu nokufunwa okuphansi.
Lawa maphuzu amane angenhla yizizathu zokuthi i-Heiru electromagnetic heater ingonga amandla kuze kufike ku-30% -70% emshinini wokubumba igalelo.
Ukuhlukaniswa komshini
Imishini yokubumba i-Blow ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu: imishini yokubumba ye-extrusion, imishini yokujova igalelo kanye nesakhiwo esikhethekile semishini yokubumba. Yelula imishini yokubumba igobolondo ingaba ngeyesigaba ngasinye esingenhla. Umshini wokubumba we-extrusion uyinhlanganisela ye-extruder, umshini wokubumba umshini kanye nenqubo yokubopha isikhunta, eyakhiwa nge-extruder, i-parison die, idivaysi yokwehla kwamandla emali, indlela yokubamba isikhunta, uhlelo lokulawula ubukhulu be-parison nendlela yokudlulisela. Ukufa kwe-parison kungenye yezinto ezibalulekile ezinquma ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo ebunjiwe. Imvamisa kunokufa okuphakelayo oseceleni kanye nokufa okuphakathi nendawo. Lapho imikhiqizo emikhulu ibunjiwe, i-cylinder type billet die ivame ukusetshenziswa. Ithangi lesitoreji linomthamo omncane ongu-1kg nomthamo omkhulu ongu-240kg. Idivayisi yokulawula ukujiya kwe-parison isetshenziselwa ukulawula ukushuba kodonga lwe-parison. Amaphoyinti wokulawula angaba ngamaphoyinti angama-128, imvamisa amaphuzu angama-20-30. Umshini wokubumba we-extrusion ungakhiqiza imikhiqizo engenalutho ngevolumu esukela ku-2.5ml kuye ku-104l.
Umjovo igalelo udini umshini inhlanganisela umjovo udini umshini futhi igalelo udini indlela, kuhlanganise plasticizing indlela, uhlelo wokubacindezela, ukulawula zikagesi nezinye izingxenye mechanical. Izinhlobo ezivamile umshini wokubumba umjovo wesitofu esineziteshi ezintathu nomshini wokufaka umjovo weziteshi ezine. Umshini weziteshi ezintathu uneziteshi ezintathu: i-parison esetshenzisiwe, ukwehla kwamandla emali nokudilizwa, isiteshi ngasinye sihlukaniswe ngo-120 °. Umshini weziteshi ezine unesiteshi esisodwa sokwenza ngaphambili, isiteshi ngasinye sihlukaniswe ngama-90 °. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona umshini wokufaka umjovo wesiteshi esineziteshi ezimbili onokwehlukaniswa okungu-180 ° phakathi kweziteshi. Isitsha sepulasitiki esikhiqizwa umjovo wokubhoboza umshini wokubhoboza sinobukhulu obuqondile futhi asidingi ukucubungulwa kwesibili, kepha izindleko zesikhunta ziphakeme kakhulu.
Umshini okhethekile wokubumba umshini wokubumba umshini wokubumba osebenzisa amashidi, izinto ezincibilikisiwe nezikhala ezibandayo njengeziphambano zokushaya izidumbu ezingenalutho ezinomumo okhethekile nokusetshenziswa. Ngenxa yezimo ezihlukile nezidingo zemikhiqizo ekhiqizwayo, ukwakheka komshini wokubumba igalelo nakho kwehlukile.
Izici nezinzuzo
1.I-screw shaft central kanye nesilinda yenziwe nge-38CrMoAlA chromium, molybdenum, aluminium alloy ngokusebenzisa ukwelashwa kwe-nitrogen, enezinzuzo zokuqina okukhulu, ukumelana nokugqwala nokugqokwa kokuqina.
2.Ikhanda lokufa lifakwe i-chrome, futhi isakhiwo se-screw spindle senza ukukhishwa kube lula futhi kubushelelezi, futhi kuqeda kangcono ifilimu eshaywayo. Isakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi somshini wokushaya ifilimu senza igesi yokukhipha ifane kakhulu. Iyunithi yokuphakamisa isebenzisa isakhiwo sefreyimu yesikwele, futhi ukuphakama kohlaka lokuphakamisa kungalungiswa ngokuzenzakalela ngokuya ngezidingo ezahlukahlukene zobuchwepheshe.
3. Imishini yokwehlisa isebenzisa imishini yokuxebula ejikelezayo nemishini ejikelezayo emaphakathi, futhi isebenzisa imoto ye-torque ukulungisa ukushelela kwefilimu, okulula ukuyisebenzisa.
Isimiso Sokusebenza / Ukubuka Okufushane:
Enqubeni yokukhiqizwa kwamafilimu okushaywa umoya, ukufana kobukhulu befilimu kuyinkomba ebalulekile. Ukufana kobukhulu be-longitudinal kungalawulwa ukuzinza kwejubane le-extrusion kanye ne-traction, ngenkathi ukufana kobukhulu obunqamulelayo befilimu ngokuvamile kuncike ekukhiqizeni ngokunemba kofayo. , Futhi shintsha ngokushintsha kwemigomo yenqubo yokukhiqiza. Ukuze uthuthukise ukufana kobukhulu befilimu ohlangothini olunqamulelayo, kumele kwethulwe uhlelo lokulawula ukujiya okuzenzakalelayo. Izindlela zokulawula ezivamile zifaka ikhanda lokufa okuzenzakalelayo (isilawuli sokunwebeka esishisayo) nendandatho yomoya ezenzakalelayo. Lapha sethula ikakhulukazi i-othomathikhi yomoya indinganiso kanye nokusetshenziswa.
Okuyisisekelo
Isakhiwo sendandatho yomoya othomathikhi sisebenzisa indlela yokuphuma yomoya ephindwe kabili, lapho ivolumu yomoya yethuluzi lomoya eliphansi ligcinwa khona njalo, nendawo ephezulu yomoya ihlukaniswe ngamapayipi omoya amaningana. Ipayipi lomoya ngalinye lakhiwe ngamagumbi omoya, ama-valve, ama-motors, njll. Imoto ishayela i-valve ukulungisa ukuvuleka komsele womoya Lawula ivolumu yomoya yomsele ngamunye.
Ngesikhathi senqubo yokulawula, isignali yokujiya kwefilimu etholwe yiphenyo yokulinganisa ukushuba ithunyelwa kukhompyutha. Ikhompiyutha iqhathanisa isignali yokujiya nobukhulu besethi obumisiwe njengamanje, yenza izibalo ngokususelwa ekuphambukeni kobukhulu nangendlela yokushintsha kwejika, futhi ilawula imoto ukushayela i-valve ihambe. Lapho izacile, imoto iya phambili bese i-tuyere iyavaleka; Ngokuphambene nalokho, imoto iya ohlangothini olubuyela emuva, futhi i-tuyere iyanda. Ngokushintsha ivolumu yomoya endaweni ngayinye kububanzi bendandatho yomoya, lungisa isivinini sokupholisa kwephoyinti ngalinye ukuze ulawule ukuphambuka kokuqina kwefilimu ngaphakathi kwebanga okuqondiwe kulo.
Uhlelo lokulawula
Indandatho yomoya ezenzakalelayo iyi-online real-time control system. Izinto ezilawulwayo zohlelo izinjini eziningi ezisatshalaliswa eringini lomoya. Ukugeleza komoya okupholile okuthunyelwa ngumlandeli kusatshalaliswa emgodini ngamunye womoya ngemuva kwengcindezi ejwayelekile egumbini lomoya lendandatho yomoya. Imoto ishayela i-valve ukuthi ivule futhi isondele ukulungisa usayizi we-tuyere nomoya wevolumu, bese iguqula umphumela wokupholisa wefilimu ungenalutho lapho ukhishwa khona. Ukuze ulawule ukushuba kwefilimu, ngokombono wenqubo yokulawula, abukho ubudlelwano obucacile phakathi koshintsho lokuqina kwefilimu nenani lokulawulwa kwezimoto. Ubukhulu befilimu nendawo ye-valve yoshintsho lwe-valve kanye nenani lokulawula akunamugqa futhi akujwayelekile. Isikhathi ngasinye lapho kulungiswa i-valve Isikhathi sinomthelela omkhulu emaphuzwini angomakhelwane, futhi ukulungiswa kune-hysteresis, ukuze izikhathi ezihlukile zihlobane. Kulolu hlobo lwe-nonlinear, ukuhlangana okuqinile, ukwahluka kwesikhathi nokulawula uhlelo olungaqinisekile, imodeli yayo eqondile yezibalo cishe ayinakwenzeka ukusungulwa, noma ngabe imodeli yezibalo ingasungulwa, inzima kakhulu futhi kunzima ukuyixazulula, ukuze ingenayo inani elisebenzayo. Ukulawulwa kwendabuko kunomphumela ongcono wokulawula kumodeli yokulawula ecacisiwe, kepha kunomphumela wokulawula omubi ekunganikezelweni okuphezulu, ukungaqiniseki, kanye nemininingwane yempendulo eyinkimbinkimbi. Ngisho namandla. Ngenxa yalokhu, sikhethe i-algorithm yokulawula okungaqondakali. Ngasikhathi sinye, indlela yokushintsha isici esibuhlungu se-quantization iyamukelwa ukuze ivumelane kangcono nokushintshwa kwamapharamitha wesistimu.
