Wothandizira nyukiliya

Wothandizira ma nucleating ndioyenera mapulasitiki osakwanira monga polyethylene ndi polypropylene. Ndi kusintha khalidwe crystallization wa utomoni, akhoza imathandizira pa mlingo crystallization, kuonjezera kachulukidwe galasi ndi kulimbikitsa miniaturization kukula kwa galasi tirigu, kuti kufupikitsa mkombero akamaumba ndi kusintha chilungamo ndi pamwamba zina zowonjezera ntchito kwa thupi ndi makina Katundu monga gloss, kulimba kwamphamvu, kukhwimitsa, kutentha kosokoneza, kukana kwamphamvu, komanso kukana mwakuya.

Kuwonjezera wothandizila nucleating angadwale liwiro crystallization ndi digiri ya crystallization wa mankhwala crystalline polima, osati akhoza kuwonjezera processing ndi liwiro liwiro, komanso kuchepetsa kwambiri chodabwitsa cha crystallization yachiwiri ya nkhaniyo, potero kusintha azithunzi omwe tikunena mtendere wa mankhwala .

Mphamvu ya nucleating wothandizila pakuchita kwa malonda

Kuphatikiza kwa wothandizila kwa nucleating kumapangitsa khungu kukhala ndi zinthu za polima, zomwe zimakhudza momwe thupi limagwirira ntchito ndikukonza zinthu za polima.

Kukopa kwamphamvu kwamphamvu ndi kupindika mphamvu

Kwa ma polima amtundu wa crystalline kapena semi-crystalline, kuwonjezera kwa wothandizila wa nucleating ndikopindulitsa kukulitsa kuyala kwa polima, ndipo nthawi zambiri kumakhala ndi mphamvu yolimbikitsira, komwe kumawonjezera kukhazikika kwa polima, kulimba kwamphamvu ndi kupindika mphamvu, ndi modulus , koma kutalika kwa nthawi yopuma kumachepa.

Kukaniza kutengera mphamvu

Nthawi zambiri, kukweza kwamphamvu kwa zinthuzo, mphamvu zomwe zimapangitsa zimatha kutayika. Komabe, kuwonjezera kwa nucleating wothandizila kumachepetsa kukula kwa spherulite kwa polima, kuti polima iwonetse kukana kwamphamvu. Mwachitsanzo, kuwonjezera choyenera cha nucleating wothandizila ku PP kapena PA zopangira kungapangitse mphamvu zakuthupi kukhala 10-30%.

Mphamvu pa magwiridwe antchito

Ma polima amtundu wamba monga PC kapena PMMA nthawi zambiri amakhala ma polima amorphous, pomwe ma polima amtundu wa crystalline kapena semi-crystalline amakhala owoneka bwino. Kuphatikiza kwa ma nucleating agents kumatha kuchepetsa kukula kwa mbewu za polima ndikukhala ndi mawonekedwe a microcrystalline. Itha kupangitsa kuti malonda awonetse mawonekedwe a translucent kapena owonekera kwathunthu, ndipo nthawi yomweyo amatha kukonza kumapeto kwa malonda.

Mphamvu pa polima akamaumba kukonza ntchito

Mu ndondomeko polima akamaumba, chifukwa kusungunuka polima ali ndi liwiro mofulumira kuzirala, ndi polima unyolo maselo si kwathunthu crystallized, izo zimachititsa shrinkage ndi mapindikidwe pa ndondomeko kuzirala, ndi chosakwanira crystallized polima ali osauka ooneka enieni bata. Zimakhalanso zosavuta kuchepetsa kukula panthawiyi. Kuonjezera wothandizila wa nucleating kumathamangitsa kuchuluka kwa crystallization, kufupikitsa nthawi yowumba, kukonza magwiridwe antchito komanso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mankhwala pambuyo pake.

Mitundu ya wothandizila nucleating

01 α wothandizila wa crystal crystal

Zimathandizira kuwonekera poyera, mawonekedwe am'mwamba, kukhazikika, kutentha kwapadera, ndi zina zambiri za malonda. Amadziwikanso kuti chowonekera poyera, chopatsira chotulutsa, ndi rigidizer. Makamaka amaphatikizapo dibenzyl sorbitol (dbs) ndi zotumphukira zake, zonunkhira zamchere zamchere zamchere, ma benzoate m'malo mwake, ndi zina zambiri, makamaka dbs nucleating mandala wothandizira ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Alfa crystal nucleating agents amatha kugawidwa m'magulu, organic ndi macromolecule kutengera kapangidwe kake.

02 Zosamveka

Ma inorganic agents omwe amaphatikizira makamaka talc, calcium oxide, mpweya wakuda, calcium carbonate, mica, mitundu yopangira zinthu, kaolin ndi zotsalira za chothandizira. Izi ndizomwe zimayambira kutsika mtengo komanso zotsogola zoyambilira zopangidwa, ndipo omwe amafufuza kwambiri ndikugwiritsa ntchito ma nucleating agents ndi talc, mica, ndi zina zambiri.

03 Zachilengedwe

Mchere wa carboxylic acid: monga sodium succinate, sodium glutarate, sodium caproate, sodium 4-methylvalerate, adipic acid, aluminium adipate, aluminium tert-butyl benzoate (Al-PTB-BA), Aluminiyamu benzoate, potaziyamu benzoate, lithiamu benzoate, sodium cinnamate, sodium β-naphthoate, ndi zina zotero. Pakati pawo, alkali chitsulo kapena aluminiyamu mchere wa benzoic acid, ndi mchere wa aluminium wa tert-butyl benzoate zimakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino ndipo zimakhala ndi mbiri yakalekale yogwiritsiridwa ntchito, koma kuwonekera poyera kulibe.

Mchere wa phosphoric acid: Ma phosphates amtundu wamtundu wa phosphate amaphatikizira mchere wamchere wa phosphate ndi ma phosphates oyambira azitsulo komanso malo awo. Monga 2,2'-methylene bis (4,6-tert-butylphenol) phosphine aluminium salt (NA-21). Mtundu wa nucleating agent umadziwika ndi kuwonekera bwino, kukhazikika, liwiro la crystallization, ndi zina zambiri, koma kutayika koyipa.

Kuchokera kwa Sorbitol benzylidene: Ikuwongolera bwino kuwonekera, kuwonekera kwa pamwamba, kukhazikika ndi zina zamagetsi zamagetsi, ndipo zimagwirizana bwino ndi PP. Ndi mtundu wowonekera bwino womwe ukufufuzidwa mozama. Wothandizira nyukiliya. Ndikugwira bwino ntchito komanso mtengo wotsika, yakhala yotsogola kwambiri yopanga mitundu yayikulu kwambiri ndikupanga kwambiri komanso kugulitsa kunyumba ndi kunja. Pali makamaka dibenzylidene sorbitol (DBS), awiri (p-methylbenzylidene) sorbitol (P-M-DBS), awiri (p-chloro-m'malo mwa benzal) sorbitol (P-Cl-DBS) ndi zina zotero.

Malo osungunuka otetezera polima: Pakadali pano pali polyvinyl cyclohexane, polyethylene pentane, ethylene / acrylate copolymer, ndi zina zambiri. Zili ndi zinthu zosakanikirana bwino ndi utomoni wa polyolefin komanso kutayika bwino.

β galasi nucleating wothandizila:

Cholinga ndikupeza mankhwala a polypropylene okhala ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba kwambiri. Ubwino ndikuthandizira kukana kwa malonda, koma sikuchepetsa kapena kukulitsa kutentha kwa kutentha kwa malonda, kotero kuti mbali ziwiri zotsutsana za kukana kukhudzidwa ndi kukana kutentha kwa kutentha kumaganiziridwa.

Mtundu umodzi ndi mphete zingapo zosakanikirana ndi mapangidwe a quasi-planar.

Enawo amapangidwa ndi ma oxide, ma hydroxide ndi mchere wama dicarboxylic acid ndi zitsulo za gulu IIA la tebulo la periodic. Ikhoza kusintha chiŵerengero cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kristalo mu polima kuti isinthe PP.