Isinyathelo sokuqala: ukuhlaziywa nokugayeka kwemidwebo ye-2D ne-3D yomkhiqizo, okuqukethwe kufaka phakathi lezi zinto ezilandelayo:

1. I-geometry yomkhiqizo.

2. Usayizi womkhiqizo, ukubekezelelana nokwakheka kwesisekelo.

3. Izidingo zobuchwepheshe zomkhiqizo (isib. Izimo zobuchwepheshe).

4. Igama, ukuncipha nombala kwepulasitiki okusetshenziswe kulo mkhiqizo.

5. Izidingo zomhlaba.

Isinyathelo 2: Nquma uhlobo lomjovo

Ukucaciswa kwemijovo kunqunywa ikakhulukazi ngokuya ngosayizi kanye neqoqo lokukhiqiza lemikhiqizo yepulasitiki. Lapho kukhethwa umshini wokujova, umklami ubheka kakhulu isilinganiso sayo se-plasticization, ivolumu yomjovo, amandla okuqinisa, indawo ephumelelayo yesikhunta sokufaka (ibanga eliphakathi kwezinduku zomshini womjovo), i-modulus, ifomu lokukhishwa kanye nobude bokusetha. Uma ikhasimende linikeze imodeli noma ukucaciswa komjovo osetshenzisiwe, umklami kufanele ahlole imingcele yawo. Uma izidingo zingafinyelelwa, kufanele baxoxe ngokushintshwa nekhasimende.

Isinyathelo 3: Nquma inani lezimbotshana bese uhlela izimbotshana

Inani lezimbobo zesikhunta linqunywa ikakhulukazi ngokuya endaweni ebekiwe yomkhiqizo, ukwakheka kwejometri (noma ukudonsa ohlangothini), ukunemba komkhiqizo, usayizi we-batch nezinzuzo zezomnotho.

Inani lezimbotshana linqunywa ikakhulukazi ngokuya ngezici ezilandelayo:

1. Iqoqo lemikhiqizo (iqoqo lenyanga noma iqoqo lonyaka).

2. Ukuthi umkhiqizo unokudonsa okusemaceleni yini kanye nendlela yawo yokwelashwa.

3. Ubukhulu bangaphandle besikhunta nendawo ephumelelayo yokubunjwa komjovo wokufaka umjovo (noma ibanga eliphakathi kwezinduku zokubopha zomshini wokujova).

4. Isisindo somkhiqizo nomthamo womjovo womshini wokujova.

5. Indawo ehlongozwayo namandla okuqinisa umkhiqizo.

6. Ukunemba komkhiqizo.

7. Umbala womkhiqizo.

8. Izinzuzo zezomnotho (inani lokukhiqiza leqoqo ngalinye lesikhunta).

Lezi zinto kwesinye isikhathi zivinjelwa ngokuhlanganyela, ngakho-ke lapho kunqunywa uhlelo lokuklama, ukuhlanganisa kufanele kwenziwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izimo zayo eziyinhloko ziyahlangatshezwa. Ngemuva kokuthi kunqunywe inani lobulili obuqinile, ukuhlelwa kwesikhala kanye nokuhlelwa kwesikhundla somgodi kwenziwa. Ukuhleleka komgodi kufaka ubukhulu besikhunta, ukwakheka kohlelo lokungena, ibhalansi yohlelo lokungena, ukwakheka kwendlela yokudonsa (isilayida) eyinhloko, ukwakheka komgogodla wokufaka kanye nokwakhiwa komgijimi oshisayo uhlelo. Izinkinga ezingenhla zihlobene nokukhethwa kwendawo yokuhlukanisa kanye nendawo yesango, ngakho-ke kwinqubo ethile yokuklama, ukulungiswa okudingekayo kufanele kwenziwe ukufeza umklamo ophelele kakhulu.

Isinyathelo 4: Nquma indawo yokuhlukanisa

Indawo yokuvalelisa ibekiwe ngqo kweminye imidwebo yomkhiqizo wangaphandle, kepha kumiklamo eminingi yesikhunta, kufanele inqunywe ngabasebenzi besikhunta. Ngokuvamile, indawo yokuvaleka endizeni kulula ukuyiphatha, futhi kwesinye isikhathi amafomu wezinhlangothi ezintathu ahlangatshezwa. Ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe endaweni yokuvalelisa. Ukukhethwa kwendawo yokuhlukanisa kufanele kulandele lezi zimiso ezilandelayo:

1. Akuthinti ukubukeka komkhiqizo, ikakhulukazi kwimikhiqizo enezidingo ezicacile ekubukekeni, futhi ukunakwa okuningi kufanele kukhokhelwe umphumela wokwehlukana ekubukekeni.

2. Kuyasiza ukuqinisekisa ukunemba kwemikhiqizo.

3.Kulungele ukucubungula isikhunta, ikakhulukazi ukucubungula umgodi I-ejensi yokuqala yokutakula.

4. Lungiselela ukwakheka kohlelo lokuthela, uhlelo lokukhipha nohlelo lokupholisa.

5. Lungiselela ukucekelwa phansi komkhiqizo futhi uqinisekise ukuthi umkhiqizo ushiywe ohlangothini lwesikhunta esihambayo lapho kuvulwa isikhunta.

6.Kulungele ukufakwa kwensimbi.

Lapho kuklanywa indlela yokuhlukanisa ye-lateral, kufanele kuqinisekiswe ukuthi iphephile futhi inokwethenjelwa, futhi izama ukugwema ukuphazanyiswa kwendlela ebekiwe, ngaphandle kwalokho indlela yokubuyisa yokuqala kufanele isethwe kusikhunta.

Isinyathelo 6: Ukuqinisekiswa kwesisekelo sesikhunta nokukhethwa kwezingxenye ezijwayelekile

Ngemuva kokuthi konke okuqukethwe okungenhla kunqunyiwe, isisekelo sesikhunta sakhiwe ngokuya ngokuqukethwe okunqunyiwe. Lapho uhlela isisekelo sesikhunta, khetha isisekelo sesikhunta esijwayelekile ngangokunokwenzeka, bese unquma ifomu, ukucaciswa nobukhulu bepuleti le-A ne-B lesisekelo sesikhunta esijwayelekile. Izingxenye ezijwayelekile zifaka izingxenye ezijwayelekile ezijwayelekile nezingxenye ezijwayelekile zesikhunta. Izingxenye ezijwayelekile ezijwayelekile ezifana nezibopho. Izingxenye ezijwayelekile zesikhunta ezifana nokubeka iringi, umkhono wesango, induku yokuphusha, i-push tube, iposi yomhlahlandlela, umkhono wesikhombisi, intwasahlobo ekhethekile yesikhunta, ukupholisa nokushisa izinto, indlela yokuhlukanisa yesibili kanye nezinto ezijwayelekile zokubekwa ngokunemba, njll. ukuthi lapho kuklanywa isikhunta, sebenzisa izisekelo zesikhunta ezijwayelekile nezingxenye ezijwayelekile ngangokunokwenzeka, ngoba ingxenye enkulu yezingxenye ezijwayelekile ithengisiwe futhi ingathengwa emakethe nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekunciphiseni umjikelezo wokukhiqiza nokunciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza. kunenzuzo. Ngemuva kokuthi usayizi womthengi enqunyiwe, amandla adingekayo nokuqina kufanele kwenziwe ezingxenyeni ezifanele zesikhunta ukubheka ukuthi ngabe isisekelo sesikhunta esikhethiwe silungile yini, ikakhulukazi kwizikhunta ezinkulu. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu.

Isinyathelo 7: Idizayini yohlelo lokufaka amasango

Idizayini yohlelo lokufaka amasango ifaka phakathi ukukhethwa komgijimi oyinhloko kanye nokuzimisela kobujamo obunqamulelayo nobukhulu bomgijimi. Uma kusetshenziswa isango lephoyinti, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi abagijimi bayawa, kufanele kunakwe ekwakhiweni kwensiza esetshenziswayo. Lapho kuklanywa uhlelo lokungena, isinyathelo sokuqala ukukhetha indawo yesango. Ukukhethwa okufanele kwendawo yesango kuzothinta ngqo ikhwalithi yokubunjwa komkhiqizo nokuthi inqubo yokujova ingaqhubeka kahle. Ukukhethwa kwendawo yesango kufanele kulandele lezi zimiso ezilandelayo:

1. Isikhundla sesango kufanele sikhethwe ngangokunokwenzeka endaweni yokuvaleka ukuze kube lula ukucubungula isikhunta nokuhlanzwa kwesango.

2. Ibanga phakathi kwesikhundla sesango nezingxenye ezahlukahlukene zomgodi kufanele lihambisane ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi inqubo kufanele ibe mfushane kakhulu (ngokuvamile kunzima ukufeza umbhobho omkhulu).

3. Indawo esangweni kufanele iqinisekise ukuthi lapho ipulasitiki ifakwa emgodini, ibhekene nengxenye ebanzi futhi ebiyelwe ngodonga emgodini ukwenza ukungena kwepulasitiki kungene.

4. Vimbela ipulasitiki ekugijimeleni ngqo odongeni lomgodi, umgogodla noma ukufaka lapho igelezela embotsheni, ukuze ipulasitiki ikwazi ukugelezela kuzo zonke izingxenye zomgodi ngokushesha okukhulu, futhi igweme ukuguquguquka komgogodla noma ukufaka.

5. Zama ukugwema ukukhiqizwa kwamamaki e-weld kumkhiqizo. Uma kunesidingo, yenza amamaki ancibilikile avele engxenyeni engabalulekile yomkhiqizo.

6. Isikhundla sesango nesiqondiso salo somjovo wepulasitiki kufanele sibe njalo ukuze ipulasitiki ikwazi ukugeleza ngokulinganayo eceleni kwesiqondiso esifanayo somgodi lapho ifakwa emgodini, futhi ifanelekile ekukhipheni igesi emgodini.

7. Isango kufanele lenzelwe ingxenye elula yomkhiqizo ezosuswa, futhi ukubukeka komkhiqizo akufanele kuthinteke ngangokunokwenzeka.

Isinyathelo 8: Ukwakhiwa kohlelo lwe-ejector

Izinhlobo zemikhiqizo yokukhishwa zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu: ukukhishwa ngomshini, ukukhishwa kwe-hydraulic, kanye nokukhishwa kwe-pneumatic. Ukukhishwa ngomshini kuyisixhumanisi sokugcina enqubeni yokubumba umjovo. Ikhwalithi yokukhishwa ekugcineni izonquma ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Ngakho-ke, ukukhishwa komkhiqizo akunakunakwa. Imigomo elandelayo kufanele ibonwe lapho kudalwa uhlelo lwe-ejector:

1. Ukuvikela umkhiqizo ukuthi ungakhubazeki ngenxa yokukhishwa, iphuzu lokugxila kufanele libe seduze ngangokunokwenzeka nengqikithi noma ingxenye okunzima ukuyisusa, efana nesilinda esingenalutho esingenalutho kumkhiqizo, esikhishwa kakhulu ithubhu yokucindezela. Ukuhlelwa kwamaphoyinti okugxila kufanele kube nokulinganisela ngangokunokwenzeka.

2. Iphuzu lokugxila kufanele lisebenze engxenyeni lapho umkhiqizo ukwazi ukumelana namandla amakhulu nengxenye ngokuqina okuhle, njengezimbambo, ama-flanges, kanye nemiphetho yodonga lwemikhiqizo yohlobo lwegobolondo.

3. Zama ukugwema iphuzu lokugxila elisebenza endaweni encanyana yomkhiqizo ukuvimbela ukuthi umkhiqizo ungadluli emhlophe nasekuphepheni. Isibonelo, imikhiqizo emiswe njengegobolondo nemikhiqizo yama-cylindrical ikhishwa kakhulu ngamacwecwe e-push.

4. Zama ukugwema imikhondo yokukhishwa kokuthinta ukubukeka komkhiqizo. Idivayisi yokukhipha kufanele ibekwe endaweni efihliwe noma engahlobisi yomkhiqizo. Ngemikhiqizo esobala, ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe ekukhetheni ifomu lokumisa nelokukhipha.

5. Ukuze wenze umfaniswano wamandla womkhiqizo ngesikhathi sokukhishwa, futhi uvikele ukuguqulwa komkhiqizo ngenxa yokugcotshwa komshini, ukukhishwa okuhlanganisiwe noma izinhlelo ezikhethekile zokukhishwa kwefomu kuvame ukusetshenziswa, njenge-push rod, ipuleti le-push noma i-push rod, ne-push tube i-Ejector eyinhlanganisela, noma sebenzisa induku yokudonsa umoya, i-push block namanye amadivayisi wokusetha, uma kunesidingo, kufanele kusethwe i-valve yokufaka umoya.

Isinyathelo 9: Ukwakhiwa kohlelo lokupholisa

Ukwakhiwa kohlelo lokupholisa kuwumsebenzi oyisicefe, futhi umphumela wokupholisa, ukufana kokupholisa kanye nethonya lohlelo lokupholisa esakhiweni jikelele sesikhunta kufanele kubhekwe. Idizayini yohlelo lokupholisa ifaka okulandelayo:

1. Ukuhlelwa kohlelo lokupholisa kanye nohlobo oluthile lohlelo lokupholisa.

2. Ukunqunywa kwendawo ethile nosayizi wohlelo lokupholisa.

3. Ukupholisa izingxenye ezibalulekile njengokuhambisa umnyombo wemodeli noma ukufaka.

4. Ukupholisa ohlangothini isilayidi nohlangothi slide core.

5. Umklamo wezinto zokupholisa nokukhethwa kwezinto ezijwayelekile zokupholisa.

6. Umklamo wesakhiwo sokubekwa uphawu.

Isinyathelo seshumi:

Idivayisi eqondisayo kusikhunta somjovo wepulasitiki inqunywe lapho kusetshenziswa isisekelo esivamile sesikhunta. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, abaklami badinga kuphela ukukhetha ngokuya ngemininingwane yesisekelo sesikhunta. Kodwa-ke, lapho amadivayisi wokuqondisa ngokunemba edingeka ukuthi asethwe ngokuya ngezidingo zomkhiqizo, umklami kufanele enze imiklamo ethile ngokuya ngesakhiwo sesikhunta. Umhlahlandlela ojwayelekile uhlukaniswe waba: umhlahlandlela phakathi kokugudluka kanye nesikhunta esimisiwe; umhlahlandlela phakathi kwepuleti lokucindezela kanye nopuleti olungaguquki wenduku yohlelo; umhlahlandlela phakathi kwenduku yepuleti yokusunduza nethempulethi ehambayo; umhlahlandlela phakathi kwesisekelo sesikhunta esinqunyiwe kanye nenguqulo ebunjiwe Ngokuvamile, ngenxa yomkhawulo wokunemba kwemishini noma ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi, ukunemba okuhambisanayo kwensiza yomhlahlandlela jikelele kuzoncishiswa, okuzothinta ngqo ukunemba komkhiqizo. Ngakho-ke, ingxenye yokubeka ngokunemba kufanele yakhelwe ngokwehlukana kwemikhiqizo enezidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zokunemba. Ezinye zenziwe zafaniswa, njengezigaxa. Izikhonkwane zokubeka, amabhlogo wokuma, njll. Ziyatholakala ukuze zikhethwe, kepha amanye amadivayisi wokuqondisa nokubeka kahle kufanele aklanywe ngokukhethekile ngokuya ngesakhiwo esithile semodyuli.

Isinyathelo 11: Ukukhethwa kwesikhunta sensimbi

Ukukhethwa kwezinto zokwenziwa kwesikhunta okwakha izingxenye (umgodi, umnyombo) kunqunywa ikakhulukazi ngokuya ngosayizi we-batch womkhiqizo nohlobo lweplastiki. Ukuze uthole imikhiqizo ecwebezela kakhulu noma esobala, i-4Cr13 nezinye izinhlobo zensimbi engenasisekelo ye-martensitic corrosion-resistant noma i-age-harding steel isetshenziswa kakhulu. Imikhiqizo yepulasitiki enokuqiniswa kwengilazi yefayibha, i-Cr12MoV nezinye izinhlobo zensimbi eqinile enokuqina kokugqoka okuphezulu kufanele kusetshenziswe. Lapho impahla yomkhiqizo iyi-PVC, i-POM noma iqukethe ilangabi, insimbi engagqwali engamelana nokugqwala kufanele ikhethwe.

Izinyathelo Eziyishumi Nambili: Dweba umdwebo womhlangano

Ngemuva kokunqunywa kwesisekelo sesikhunta sokuqukethwe nokuqukethwe okuhlobene, umdwebo womhlangano ungadonselwa. Enkambisweni yokudweba imidwebo yomhlangano, uhlelo olukhethiwe lokuthela, uhlelo lokupholisa, uhlelo lokudonsa okuyisisekelo, uhlelo lokukhipha, njll.

Isinyathelo seshumi nantathu: ukudweba izingxenye eziyinhloko zesikhunta

Lapho udweba umgodi womgodi noma womgogodla, kuyadingeka ukuthi ubheke ukuthi ubukhulu bokubumba obunikeziwe, ukubekezelelana nokuthambekela kokubuyiselwa phansi kuyahambisana yini, nokuthi ngabe isisekelo sokuklanywa siyahambisana nesisekelo somklamo womkhiqizo. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukucutshungulwa komgodi kanye nomgogodla ngesikhathi sokucubungula nezakhiwo zemishini nokwethembeka ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa nakho kufanele kubhekwe. Lapho kudwetshwa ingxenye yokwakhiwa komdwebo, lapho kusetshenziswa ifomu elijwayelekile, izingxenye zokwakheka ngaphandle kwefomathi ejwayelekile ziyadonselwa, futhi izingxenye eziningi zomdwebo zingasuswa.

Isinyathelo 14: Ukuhlola kabusha imidwebo yomklamo

Ngemuva kokuthi ukwakhiwa kwesikhunta sekuqediwe, umklami wesikhunta uzothumela umdwebo wokuklanywa nezinto ezihlobene zangempela kumphathi ukuze zihlolwe kabusha.

Umhloli wokuhlola kufanele ahlole ngokuhlelekile ukwakheka okuphelele, imigomo yokusebenza, kanye nokusebenza kokusebenza kwesikhunta ngokuya ngesisekelo sokwakha esifanele esinikezwe yikhasimende kanye nezidingo zekhasimende.

Isinyathelo 15: Isiginesha yemidwebo yokuklama

Ngemuva kokuthi umdwebo wokuklanywa kwesikhunta usuqediwe, kufanele uhanjiswe ngokushesha kumakhasimende ukuze avunyelwe. Kuphela ngemuva kokuba ikhasimende livumile, isikhunta singalungiswa bese sifakwa ekukhiqizeni. Lapho ikhasimende linemibono emikhulu futhi lidinga ukwenza izinguquko ezinkulu, kufanele lihlelwe kabusha bese linikezwa ikhasimende ukuze livunyelwe kuze kube yilapho ikhasimende linelisekile.

Isinyathelo 16:

Isistimu yokukhipha idlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ikhwalithi yokubunjwa komkhiqizo. Izindlela zokukhipha zimi kanje:

1. Sebenzisa indawo yokuqeda. Indawo yokukhipha imvula ivame ukutholakala engxenyeni yokugcina yomgodi okufanele igcwaliswe. Ukujula kwe-vent groove kuyahlukahluka ngeplastiki ehlukile, futhi ngokuyisisekelo kunqunywa yimvume ephezulu kakhulu evunyelwe lapho ipulasitiki ingakhiqizi ukukhanya.

2. Sebenzisa igebe elihambisanayo lama-cores, ukufaka, izinduku zokucindezela, njll. Noma ama-plugs akhethekile wokukhipha.

3. Kwesinye isikhathi ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuvela komshini womsebenzi owenziwayo obangelwa umcimbi ophezulu, kuyadingeka ukuklama okufakiwe kwe-exhaust.

Isiphetho: Ngokuya ngezinqubo ezingenhla zokwakhiwa kwesikhunta, okunye okuqukethwe kungahlanganiswa futhi kubhekwe, kanti okunye okuqukethwe kudinga ukucatshangelwa kaninginingi. Ngoba izinto zivame ukuphikisana, kufanele siqhubeke sikhombise futhi sibonisane ngenqubo yokwakha ukuthola ukwelashwa okungcono, ikakhulukazi okuqukethwe okubandakanya ukwakheka kwesikhunta, kufanele sikuthathe ngokungathi sína, futhi kaningi sicabangele izinhlelo eziningi ngasikhathi sinye . Lesi sakhiwo sibala okuhle nokubi kwesici ngasinye ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi sihlaziye futhi sikwenze ngcono ngakunye. Izizathu zesakhiwo zizothinta ngqo ukwenziwa nokusetshenziswa kwesikhunta, futhi imiphumela emibi ingadala ukuthi isikhunta sonke sisulwe. Ngakho-ke, ukwakhiwa kwesikhunta kuyisinyathelo esiyinhloko sokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yesikhunta, futhi inqubo yaso yokwakha ingubunjiniyela obuhlelekile.