ʻĀpana nukelea

Kūpono ka mea hana nucleating no nā plastic crystalline piha ʻole e like me polyethylene a me polypropylene. Ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka hana crystallization o ke kēpau, hiki iā ia ke hōʻeleu i ka helu crystallization, hoʻonui i ka nui o ka aniani a paipai i ka miniaturization o ka nui o ka hua aniani, i mea e hoʻopōkole ai i ke kaʻina hoʻoheheʻe a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka transparency a me ka papa o nā mea hana hou no ke kino a me ka mechanical. nā waiwai e like me gloss, ikaika ikaika, rigidity, wela distortion wela, hopena hopena, a me nā mea kolo e kūʻē.

Hiki i ka hoʻohui ʻana i kahi agena hoʻoheheʻe ke hoʻonui i ka wikiwiki crystallization a me ke kekelē o ka crystalline polymer huahana, ʻaʻole hiki wale ke hoʻonui i ka hana a me ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, akā hoʻoliʻiliʻi nui nō hoʻi i ka hanana o ka crystallization ʻelua o nā mea, no laila e hoʻomaikaʻi ana i ka paʻa paʻa o ka huahana. .

Ka hopena o ka ʻākena nucleating i ka hana huahana

Hoʻonui ka hoʻohui o ka mea hana hoʻopili i nā waiwai crystalline o ka mea polymer, e pili ana i ke kino a me ka hana ʻana o nā mea polymer.

01 Ka hopena i ka ikaika a me ka ikaika o ke kūlou

No nā crystalline a i ʻole semi-crystalline polymers, pono ka hoʻohui ʻana o kahi mea hana hoʻopili e hoʻonui i ka crystallinity o ka polymer, a he pinepine ka hopena e hoʻoikaika ai, kahi e hoʻonui ai i ka ʻoʻoleʻa o ka polymer, ka ikaika a me ka ikaika piko, a me ka modulus , akā ʻo ka elongation ma break ke emi mau nei.

02 Kūʻē i ka hopena ikaika

'Lelo maʻamau, ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ikaika a me ke kūlou ʻana o ka mea, nalowale ka hopena hopena. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka mea hana nukila e hōʻemi i ka nui o ka spherulite o ka polymer, i mea e hōʻike ai ka polymer i ke kūpaʻa hopena maikaʻi. ʻO kahi laʻana, hiki ke hoʻonui i ka ikaika hopena o nā mea e 10-30% i ka hoʻohui ʻana i kahi ʻenekini kupono kupono i PP a i ʻole PA mau mea pono.

03 Ka hopena i ka hana opua

ʻO nā polymers aniani moakaka e like me PC a i ʻole PMMA he mau polymers amorphous ia, ʻoiai he opaque ka crystalline a i ʻole semi-crystalline polymers. Hiki i ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā mea hana nukelea ke hōʻemi i ka nui o nā hua polymer a loaʻa i nā ʻano o ka hanana microcrystalline. Hiki iā ia ke hōʻike i ka huahana i nā ʻano o ka translucent a i ʻole ke aniani moakaka, a i ka manawa like ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻopau o ka huahana.

04 Ka hopena ma ka hana ʻana me ka polymer moulding

I ke kaʻina hana polymer, no ka mea ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka polymer, a ʻaʻole i crystallized loa ke kaulahao molekika polymer, kumu ia i ka shrinkage a me ka deformation i ka manawa o ke anuanu, a me ka paʻa pono ʻole o ka polymer crystallized. Maʻalahi nō hoʻi e emi i ka nui i ke kaʻina. Hiki i ka hoʻohui ʻana i kahi agena nukelea ke wikiwiki i ka helu crystallization, hoʻopōkole i ka manawa hoʻoheheʻe, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana pono ʻana a hoʻemi i ke kēkelē o ka hopena o ka huahana.

Nā ʻano o ka ʻākena nukelea

01 α mea hana nukelea aniani

 Hoʻomaikaʻi nui ia i ka transparency, ʻili gloss, rigidity, wela distortion wela, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe o ka huahana. Kāhea ʻia ia he agena aniani moakaka, mea hoʻonui transmittance, a me kahi rigidizer. Hoʻohui pū me dibenzyl sorbitol (dbs) a me nā mea i loaʻa mai, nā paʻakai ester phostate aromatik, nā benzoates i pani ʻia, a pēlā aku. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻāpana aniani nati Alpha i loko o nā inorganic, organic a me macromolecules e like me kā lākou hanana.

02 Kūlohelohe

Hoʻopili nui nā ʻākena nucleating inorganic i nā talc, calcium oxide, carbon black, calcium carbonate, mica, pigment inorganic, kaolin a me nā koina catalyst. ʻO kēia nā mea kūʻai aku a me nā mea nūhou hoʻomaka mua loa i hoʻomohala ʻia, a ʻo nā mea i noi ʻia a noi ʻia ʻo nā mea hoʻopili ʻia he talc, mica, etc.

03 kūlohelohe

ʻO nā paʻakai koloʻakika Carboxylic acid: e like me sodium succinate, sodium glutarate, sodium caproate, sodium 4-methylvalerate, adipic acid, alumini adipate, alumini tert-butyl benzoate (Al-PTB-BA), Aluminium benzoate, potassium benzoate, lithium benzoate, sodium cinnamate, sodium β-naphthoate, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i waena o lākou, ʻo ka alkali metala a i ʻole ka paʻakai alumini o ka benzoic acid, a me ka paʻakai alumini o tert-butyl benzoate i loaʻa nā hopena maikaʻi a he moʻolelo lōʻihi o ka hoʻohana, akā maikaʻi ʻole ka transparency

ʻO nā paʻakai paʻakai kolo phosphoric: hoʻopili pū nā phosphates ʻōpala i nā paʻakai metala phosphate a me nā phosphates metala maʻamau a me ko lākou mau pono. E like me 2,2'-methylene bis (4,6-tert-butylphenol) phosphine aluminika paʻakai (NA-21). Hoʻohālikelike ʻia kēia ʻano ʻākena nucleating e ka transparency maikaʻi, rigidity, wikiwiki crystallization, a pēlā aku, akā maikaʻi ʻole ka hiki ʻana.

Sorbitol benzylidene derivative: He hopena hoʻonui nui kona i ka transparency, ʻili gloss, rigidity a me nā mea thermodynamic ʻē aʻe o ka huahana, a maikaʻi maikaʻi me PP. He ʻano aniani moakaka ia e ʻimi nei i kahi noiʻi hohonu. ʻĀpana nukelea. Me ka hana maikaʻi a me ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa, ua lilo ia i mea hana i hoʻomohala ʻia me ka mea nui a me nā hana a me nā kūʻai nui aku ma ka home a me nā ʻāina ʻē. Aia kekahi mahele nui dibenzylidene sorbitol (DBS), ʻelua (p-methylbenzylidene) sorbitol (P-M-DBS), ʻelua (p-chloro-substituted benzal) sorbitol (P-Cl-DBS) a pēlā aku.

ʻO ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kiʻekiʻe polymer nucleating agent: I kēia manawa, aia ka hapa nui o ka polyvinyl cyclohexane, polyethylene pentane, ethylene / acrylate copolymer, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. He maikaʻi ʻole ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā waiwai me nā resole polyolefin a me ka maikaʻi maikaʻi.

agent aniani nukelea hoʻoulu manaʻo:

ʻO ka pahuhopu e loaʻa nā huahana polypropylene me ka ʻike aniani kiʻekiʻe β. ʻO ka maikaʻi e hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kūpaʻa hopena o ka huahana, akā ʻaʻole ia e hoʻemi a hoʻonui paha i ka mahana deformation mehana o ka huahana, i mea e noʻonoʻo ʻia ai nā ʻaoʻao contradictory ʻelua o ka hopena kūʻē a me ka pale deformation wela.

ʻO kekahi ʻano he mau hui pū i hoʻopili ʻia me ka quasi-planar ʻano.

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka mea ʻē aʻe i nā oxides, hydroxides a me nā paʻakai o kekahi mau acid dicarboxylic a me nā metala o ka hui IIA o ka papa manawa. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻololi i ka lakio o nā aniani like ʻole i ka polymer e hoʻololi ai iā PP.