A cikin masana'antar ƙirar allura, galibi akan sami sabbin masu shigowa cikin masana'antar waɗanda ke tuntuɓar: Me yasa zafin zafin allurar ƙwanin ya ƙyalli maƙasudin sassan roba da aka samar? Yanzu muna amfani da harshe bayyananne don bayyana wannan abin mamakin, da kuma bayanin yadda za a zaɓi zazzabin mudu da hankali. Salon rubutu ya iyakance, don haka da fatan za a bamu shawara idan ba daidai bane! (Wannan babin yana magana ne kawai game da yanayin zafin jiki, matsin lamba kuma wasu sun wuce iyakar tattaunawar)
1. Tasirin yanayin zafin jiki akan bayyanar:
Da farko dai, idan yanayin zafin jikin ya yi kadan, zai rage narkewar ruwa kuma ƙasan zai iya faruwa; yanayin zafin jiki yana shafar kristal ɗin filastik. Don ABS, idan yanayin zafin jiki ya yi ƙasa ƙwarai, ƙirar samfurin zai zama ƙasa. Idan aka kwatanta da filler, filastik suna da sauƙin ƙaura zuwa farfajiya lokacin da yanayin zafin ya yi yawa. Sabili da haka, lokacin da yawan zafin jikin allurar ya yi yawa, kayan aikin filastik suna kusa da farfajiyar allurar, cikawar zai fi kyau, kuma haske da walƙiya zai kasance mafi girma. Koyaya, yawan zafin jikin allura bai kamata ya yi yawa ba. Idan ya yi tsayi da yawa, yana da sauƙi a manne da abin da aka tsara, kuma za a ga wurare masu haske a cikin wasu ɓangarorin ɓangaren filastik. Idan yawan zafin jikin allurar ya yi kasa sosai, hakanan zai sa bangaren filastik su rike mitin din sosai, kuma yana da sauki a tace bangaren filastik lokacin da yake daskarewa, musamman abin da yake jikin fuskar roba.
Multi-mataki allura gyare-gyaren iya warware matsalar matsayi. Misali, idan samfurin yana da layin gas lokacin da ake allurar abun, ana iya raba shi zuwa kashi. A cikin masana'antun masana'antun allura, don samfuran masu sheki, mafi girman yanayin zafin jikin, shine mafi girman dutsen da ke cikin samfuran. Akasin haka, ƙananan yanayin zafin jiki, ƙananan ƙyalli na farfajiya. Amma kayayyakin da aka yi su da kayan PP da aka buga da rana, mafi girman yanayin zafin jiki, kasa kyalkyali a saman kayan, kasan mai sheki, mafi girman bambancin launi, kuma mai sheki da launin launuka sun daidaita daidai.
Sabili da haka, matsala mafi yawan lalacewa ta yawan zafin jiki shine ƙarancin ƙarshen ɓangaren da aka ƙera, wanda yawanci yakan haifar da ƙananan yanayin yanayin ƙasa.
Arfafawar ƙwanƙwasawa da ƙarancin bayan-ƙarfe na ƙananan polymers sun dogara ne da yawan zafin jikin ƙirar da kuma kaurin bangon ɓangaren. Rarraba zafin jiki mara daidai a cikin sifa zai haifar da raguwa daban-daban, wanda ya sa ba zai yiwu a ba da tabbacin cewa sassan sun haɗu da ƙayyadadden haƙurin ba. A cikin mafi munin yanayi, ko resin da aka sarrafa ba shi da ƙarfin ƙarfafa ko ƙararrawar ƙarfafa, ƙarancin ya wuce ƙimar da za a iya gyarawa.
2. Tasiri kan girman samfur:
Idan yanayin zafin nishadi ya yi yawa, narkewar zai bazu da zafi. Bayan samfurin ya fito, ƙimar raguwa a cikin iska zata ƙaru, kuma girman samfurin zai zama ƙarami. Idan ana amfani da mol a yanayin ƙananan zafin jiki, idan girman ɓangaren ya zama babba, gabaɗaya saboda farfajiyar. Yawan zafin jiki yayi kadan. Wannan saboda yanayin zafin yanayin molo ya yi ƙasa ƙwarai, kuma samfurin yana raguwa ƙasa da iska, don haka girman ya fi girma! Dalilin shi ne cewa ƙarancin zafin jiki mafi ƙarancin yanayi yana hanzarta kwayar "fuskantarwa mai daskarewa", wanda ke ƙara kaurin daskararren layin narkewar a cikin ramin ƙirar. A lokaci guda, ƙananan yanayin zafin jiki yana hana haɓakar lu'ulu'u, don haka rage ƙarancin gyaran samfurin. Akasin haka, idan yanayin zafin jiki ya yi yawa, narkewar za ta yi sanyi a hankali, lokacin annashuwa zai yi tsawo, matakin daidaitawa zai yi ƙasa, kuma zai zama da fa'ida ga ƙirar ƙirar, kuma ainihin ƙarancin samfurin zai fi girma.
Idan tsarin farawa ya yi tsayi sosai kafin girman ya daidaita, wannan yana nuna cewa ba a sarrafa zafin jikin da kyau, saboda sifar tana ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo kafin a kai ga daidaitaccen yanayin zafi.
Rashin watsawar zafi mara kyau a cikin wasu ɓangarorin kayan kwalliya zai faɗaɗa aikin sake zagayowar, don haka ya ƙara farashin abin gyara! Yanayin zafin jiki na yau da kullun na iya rage hawa da sauka na gyaran shrinkage da inganta yanayin zaman lafiya. Cikakken filastik, yawan zafin jiki mai narkewa yana taimakawa ga tsarin ƙirar, cikakken ɓangarorin filastik da aka ƙera ba zai canza girman su yayin adanawa ko amfani da su ba; amma babban crystallinity da babban shrinkage. Don filastik masu laushi, yakamata ayi amfani da ƙananan zafin jiki a ƙirƙira, wanda zai dace da kwanciyar hankali. Ga kowane abu, yanayin zafin jiki na yau da kullun kuma raguwar yana daidaito, wanda ke da amfani don haɓaka madaidaicin girman!
3. Tasirin yanayin zafin jiki akan nakasawa:
Idan ba a tsara tsarin sanyaya mai kyau ba ko kuma ba a sarrafa yanayin zafin nama yadda ya kamata, rashin isasshen sanyaya sassan roba zai sa sassan filastik suyi wari da nakasa. Don kula da yanayin zafin jiki, bambancin yanayin zafin jiki tsakanin maƙerin haske na baya da bayan baya, ƙirar ƙirar da bangon ƙirar, da bangon ƙira da shigarwar ya kamata a ƙayyade bisa ga halayen halayen samfurin, don sarrafa bambanci a cikin sanyaya da saurin raguwa na kowane ɓangaren ɓangaren. Bayan narkar da shi, sai ya karkata ga karkatar da kai zuwa bangaren zafin jiki mafi girma don daidaita daidaiton yanayin karkatar da hankula da kuma kauce wa warping da nakasawar bangaren roba kamar yadda dokar fuskantarwa ta tanada.
Don sassan filastik tare da tsari mai daidaitaccen tsari, yakamata a kiyaye yanayin zafin jiki daidai, don haka sanyaya kowane bangare na filastik ya daidaita. Yanayin zafin jiki ya daidaita kuma sanyaya ya daidaita, wanda zai iya rage lalacewar ɓangaren filastik. Yawan banbancin zafin jiki da yawa zai haifar da sanyaya sassan roba da rashin daidaituwa, wanda zai haifar da damuwa da haifar da shafi da nakasa sassan roba, musamman sassan roba masu kaurin bango mara kyau da sifofi masu rikitarwa. Gefen dake da zafin jiki mai girma, bayan an sanyaya samfurin, shugabanci na nakasawa dole ne ya zama zuwa ga gefen mai tsananin zafin jiki! An ba da shawarar cewa zaɓin zafin jiki na gaba da baya na zaba mai ma'ana daidai da buƙatun. Ana nuna yanayin zafin jiki a cikin teburin kaddarorin kayan abubuwa daban-daban!
4. Tasirin yanayin zafin jiki akan kayan masarufi (damuwar cikin gida):
Yanayin zafin jiki ƙananan ne, kuma alamar walƙiya ta ɓangaren filastik a bayyane yake, wanda ya rage ƙarfin samfurin; mafi girman girman lu'ulu'un filastik mai ƙyalli, mafi girman yanayin ɓangaren filastik don damuwa ƙwanƙwasawa; don rage damuwa, yanayin zafin jiki bai kamata ya yi yawa ba (PP, PE). Don PC da sauran manyan robobin amorphous amorphous, fatattakar danniya yana da alaƙa da damuwa na ciki na ɓangaren filastik. Temperatureara yawan zafin jiki mai narkewa yana dacewa don rage damuwa na ciki da rage halin damuwa danniya.
Maganar damuwa cikin gida alamun bayyananniya ne! Dalilin shine: samuwar damuwa na ciki a cikin gyare-gyare yana haifar da asali ta ƙimar ƙwanƙwan zafi daban-daban yayin sanyaya. Bayan an tsara samfurin, sanyayarsa a hankali yana faɗaɗawa daga farfajiyar zuwa cikin. Farfajiyar farko tana raguwa kuma tana da tauri, sannan sannu a hankali tana shiga ciki. An haifar da damuwar ciki saboda banbancin saurin kwangila. Lokacin da ragowar cikin cikin filastik ya fi girman layin resin, ko kuma yashewar wani yanayi na sinadarai, fasa zai faru a saman bangaren filastik. Bincike akan PC da PMMA resins na nuna cewa ragowar cikin cikin yana cikin matsatstsiyar sifa akan shimfidar ƙasa da miƙaƙƙen tsari a cikin layin ciki.
Stressarfin damfara na ƙasa ya dogara da yanayin sanyaya na farfajiyar. Sanyin sanyi yana saurin huɗa narkakken maɓallin, wanda ke haifar da samfurin da aka ƙera don samar da ƙwanƙwan cikin gida mafi girma. Yanayin zafin yanayi shine mafi mahimman yanayi don sarrafa damuwar ciki. Slightan canjin canjin yanayi zai canza mataccen cikin cikin. Gabaɗaya magana, karɓaɓɓiyar damuwa na kowane samfurin da guduro yana da iyakar ƙarancin yanayin zafin jiki. Lokacin gyaran bangon sirara ko nisa mai nisa, zafin zafin ya zama mafi girma fiye da mafi ƙanƙanci don gyaran gaba ɗaya.
5. Shafar yanayin lalacewar yanayin zafi na samfurin:
Musamman don robobi na lu'ulu'u, idan an ƙirƙira samfurin a ƙarancin zafin jiki mafi ƙarancin haske, daidaiton kwayar halitta da lu'ulu'u nan take a daskarewa. Lokacin da yanayi mai amfani da zafin jiki mafi girma ko yanayin aiki na biyu, za a sake sarkar sarkar kwayoyin a wani ɓangare Kuma aiwatar da ƙirar ƙirar yana sa samfurin ya lalace a ma nesa da yanayin zafin yanayin gurɓataccen zafi (HDT) na kayan.
Hanya madaidaiciya ita ce amfani da yanayin zafin jiki da aka ba da shawara kusa da yanayin zafin sa na kirista don yin samfurin cikakken kintsattse a cikin matakin gyare-gyaren allura, guje wa irin wannan post-crystallization da bayan-ƙyama a cikin yanayin zafin jiki mai-zafi. A takaice, yanayin zafin jiki yana daya daga cikin mafi girman sifofin sarrafa sigina a cikin aikin gyare-gyaren allura, kuma hakan shine mahimmin abin dubawa a cikin sifofin birki.
Yabo don kayyade yanayin zafin jiki daidai:
A zamanin yau, kayan kwalliya sun zama da rikitarwa, sabili da haka, ya zama yana da matukar wahala ƙirƙirar yanayi masu dacewa don sarrafa yanayin zafin jiki yadda ya kamata. Baya ga sassa masu sauƙi, tsarin kula da yanayin zafin jiki yawanci ana yin sulhu ne. Sabili da haka, waɗannan shawarwarin masu zuwa jagora ne kawai.
A cikin matakin ƙirar tsari, dole ne a yi la'akari da sarrafa zafin jiki na siffar ɓangaren da aka sarrafa.
Idan zayyano mai ƙwanƙwasa da ƙarancin allurar girma da girman girman gyare-gyare, yana da mahimmanci a yi la'akari da canjin zafi mai kyau.
Sanya alawus yayin zayyanannun sassan ruwa mai gudana ta cikin sifar da bututun abincin. Kar ayi amfani da mahaɗa, in ba haka ba zai haifar da matsaloli masu yawa ga kwararar ruwa mai sarrafar yanayi.
Idan za ta yiwu, yi amfani da ruwa mai matsi azaman matsakaici mai sarrafa zafin jiki. Da fatan za a yi amfani da bututu da mahaɗa da yawa waɗanda ke da tsayayya da matsin lamba da zazzabi mai zafi.
Bada cikakken bayanin aikin kayan aikin zafin jiki wanda yayi daidai da sifar. Takaddun bayanan da mai ƙera maƙerin wuta ya bayar yakamata ya samar da wasu adadi masu mahimmanci game da yawan gudan.
Da fatan za a yi amfani da faranti masu jan abu a ruɓi tsakanin ƙirar da samfurin inji.
Yi amfani da tsarin sarrafa zafin jiki daban-daban don kwalliya da tsayayyu
A kowane bangare da tsakiya, da fatan za a yi amfani da tsarin sarrafa zafin jiki mara kyau, don haka akwai yanayin yanayin farawa iri daban-daban yayin aikin gyarar.
Yakamata a haɗa nau'ikan da'irar sarrafa zafin jiki daban-daban a jere, ba cikin layi ɗaya ba. Idan an haɗa alamomin a layi daya, bambanci a cikin juriya zai haifar da saurin kwararar matsakaicin matsakaicin matsakaicin matsakaici ya zama daban, wanda zai haifar da canjin yanayin zafin jiki mafi girma fiye da na layin zagaye cikin jerin. (Sai kawai lokacin da aka kewaya kewayen silsilar zuwa mashigar shiga da kuma bambancin yanayin zafin jiki kasa da 5 ° C, aikinsa yana da kyau)
Yana da fa'ida don nuna yawan zafin jiki na samarwa da dawo da zafin jiki akan kayan sarrafa zafin jiki na mudu.
Dalilin sarrafa tsari shine a kara firikwensin zafin jiki a cikin sifar ta yadda za a iya gano canjin yanayin a cikin samarwar ta hakika.
A cikin dukkanin zagayen samarwa, an daidaita ma'aunin zafi a cikin sifa ta hanyar allura da yawa. Gabaɗaya, aƙalla akwai allurai 10. Abubuwa da yawa suna shafar ainihin zafin jiki a cikin kaiwa ma'aunin ma'aunin zafi. Za'a iya auna ainihin zazzabin farfajiyar da ke hulɗa da filastik tare da thermocouple a cikin ƙwayar (karanta a 2mm daga farfajiya). Hanyar da ta fi dacewa ita ce ta riƙe pyrometer don auna, kuma binciken pyrometer ya kamata ya amsa da sauri. Don ƙayyade yanayin zafin jiki, ya kamata a auna maki da yawa, ba zafin zafin maki ɗaya ko gefe ɗaya ba. Sannan ana iya gyara shi bisa tsarin daidaitaccen yanayin sarrafa zafin jiki. Daidaita yanayin zafin jiki zuwa ƙimar da ta dace. An ba da zafin jiki na ƙirar shawarar a cikin jerin kayan daban. Wadannan shawarwarin galibi ana bayar da su ne bisa la'akari da mafi kyawun daidaituwa tsakanin dalilai kamar ƙarshen farfajiyar farfajiyar ƙasa, kayan aikin injiniya, ƙarancin aiki da hawan aiki.
Don kayan kwalliyar da ke buƙatar aiwatar da kayan haɗin ƙira da ƙira waɗanda dole ne su cika tsauraran buƙatu akan yanayin bayyanar ko wasu daidaitattun sassa na tsaro, ana amfani da yanayin zafin yanayi mafi girma (ƙarancin ƙwanƙwasa baya ƙasa, yanayin yana haske, kuma aikin yana daidaita ). Don sassa tare da ƙananan buƙatun fasaha da ƙimar samarwa kamar ƙasa mai yuwuwa, za a iya amfani da yanayin yanayin aiki mai ƙarancin yayin gyare-gyaren. Koyaya, mai sana'anta yakamata ya fahimci gazawar wannan zaɓin kuma a hankali ya duba sassan don tabbatar da cewa sassan da aka samar na iya biyan bukatun abokin ciniki.