Inyathelo lokuqala: uhlalutyo kunye nokwetyiswa kwemveliso ye-2D kunye ne-3D, umxholo ubandakanya le miba ilandelayo:

1. Ijometri yemveliso.

2. Ubungakanani bemveliso, ukunyamezelana kunye nesiseko yoyilo.

3. Iimfuno zobugcisa zemveliso (okt iimeko zobugcisa).

4. Igama, ukuncipha nombala weplastikhi esetyenziswe kwimveliso.

5. Iimfuno ezingaphezulu zeemveliso.

Inyathelo 2: Chonga uhlobo lwenaliti

Ukucaciswa kwenaliti kugqitywe ikakhulu ngokusekwe kubungakanani nakwimveliso yeemveliso zeplastiki. Xa ukhetha umatshini wenaliti, umyili ujonga ubukhulu bayo beplastikhi, umthamo wenaliti, amandla okubamba, indawo efanelekileyo yokubumba (umgama phakathi kweentonga zomatshini wenaliti), imodyuli, uhlobo lokukhutshwa kunye nokusetha ubude. Ukuba umthengi ubonelele ngemodeli okanye imigaqo yenaliti esetyenzisiweyo, umyili kufuneka ajonge iiparameter zayo. Ukuba iimfuno azinakho ukufezekiswa, kufuneka baxoxe ngokutshintsha kunye nomthengi.

Inyathelo 3: Chonga inani lemingxunya kwaye uhlele imingxunya

Inani leemngxunya zesikhunta lixhomekeke ikakhulu kwingingqi eqikelelweyo yemveliso, imilo yejiyometri (kunye okanye ngaphandle kokutsala okungaphakathi), ukuchaneka kwemveliso, ubungakanani bebhetshi kunye nezibonelelo zoqoqosho.

Inani leemingxunya lixhomekeke ikakhulu ngokusekwe kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

1. Imveliso yeemveliso (ibhetshi yenyanga okanye ibhetshi yonyaka).

2. Nokuba imveliso inesitshixo esecaleni kunye nendlela yonyango.

3. Ubungakanani bangaphandle besikhunta kunye nendawo efanelekileyo yokubumba inaliti yokubumba (okanye umgama phakathi kweentonga zokubopha zomatshini wenaliti).

4. ubunzima Product kunye nomthamo inaliti kumatshini ziphene.

5. Indawo eqikelelweyo kunye nokubotshwa kwemveliso.

6. Ukuchaneka kwemveliso.

7. Umbala wemveliso.

8. Izibonelelo zoqoqosho (ixabiso lemveliso yeseti nganye yomngundo).

Ezi zinto ngamanye amaxesha ziye zithintelwe, ngenxa yoko xa kumiselwa uyilo loyilo, ulungelelwaniso kufuneka lwenziwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimeko zalo eziphambili ziyafezekiswa. Emva kokuba inani lesini esomeleleyo limiselwe, ilungiselelo lomngxunya kunye nolwakhiwo lwendawo yokuma lwenziwa. Ukulungiswa kwethambo kubandakanya ubungakanani besikhunta, uyilo lwenkqubo yokutshixiza, inkqubo eseleyo yokulinganisa, uyilo lwendlela yokutsala (isilayida), uyilo lwesiseko sokufaka kunye noyilo lweimbaleki ezishushu inkqubo. Ezi ngxaki zingasentla zinxulumene nokukhethwa kwendawo yokuzahlula kunye nendawo yesango, ke kwinkqubo ethile yoyilo, kufuneka kwenziwe uhlengahlengiso oluyimfuneko ukufezekisa oyilo olugqibeleleyo.

Inyathelo 4: Chonga indawo yokwahlula

Umphezulu wokwahlula uchazwe ngokukodwa kwimizobo ethile yemveliso yangaphandle, kodwa kuyilo oluninzi lokungunda, kufuneka kugqitywe ngabasebenzi bokungunda. Ngokubanzi, indawo yokwahlukana kwinqwelomoya kulula ukuyiphatha, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha iifom ezinemilinganiselo emithathu ziyahlangatyezwa. Ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe kwindawo yokuhlukanisa. Ukukhethwa kwendawo yokuhlukanisa kufuneka kulandele le migaqo elandelayo:

1. Ayichaphazeli ukubonakala kwemveliso, ngakumbi kwiimveliso ezineemfuno ezicacileyo kwinkangeleko, kwaye ingqalelo enkulu kufuneka ihlawulwe kwiziphumo zokwahlukana kwembonakalo.

2. Kuyanceda ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kweemveliso.

3.Kulungele ukuqhubekekisa ukungunda, ngakumbi ukulungiswa kwesisu. Iarhente yokuqala yokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo.

4. Ukuququzelela uyilo lwenkqubo yokugalela, inkqubo yokukhupha kunye nenkqubo yokupholisa.

5.ququzelela ukonakaliswa kwemveliso kwaye uqinisekise ukuba imveliso ishiywe kwicala lokungunda xa kuvulwa ukungunda.

6. Ilungele ukufakwa kwesinyithi.

Xa kuyilwa indlela yokwahlulahlula ecaleni, kufuneka iqinisekiswe ukuba ikhuselekile kwaye ithembekile, kwaye uzama ukunqanda ukuphazamiseka kwindlela ebekiweyo, kungenjalo indlela yokubuyela yokuqala kufuneka ibekwe kwisikhunta.

Inyathelo 6: Ukuqinisekiswa kwesiseko sokubumba kunye nokukhethwa kwamalungu aqhelekileyo

Emva kokuba yonke imixholo engentla imiselwe, isiseko sokubumbela siyilelwe ngokwemixholo emiselweyo. Xa uyila isiseko sokubumbela, khetha isiseko sokubumba esisemgangathweni kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kwaye unqume ifom, imigaqo kunye nobukhulu beplate ye-A kunye ne-B yesiseko se-mold standard. Amalungu emigangatho aquka iindawo eziqhelekileyo kunye neenxalenye ezithile zomngundo. Iindawo eziqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo ezifana nezibophelelo. Amanqanaba athile okubumba afana nokubeka iringi, umkhono wesango, intonga yokutyhala, ityhubhu yokutyhala, isikhokelo somkhono, umkhono wesikhokelo, intwasahlobo ekhethekileyo yokubumba, ukupholisa kunye nezinto zokufudumeza, indlela yokuzahlula yesibini kunye nezinto ezisemgangathweni zokumisa ngokuchanekileyo, njl. ukuba xa kuyilwa ngumngundo, sebenzisa iziseko zokubumba ezisemgangathweni kunye neendawo ezisemgangathweni kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kuba icandelo elikhulu leenxalenye ezisemgangathweni sele lithengisiwe kwaye linokuthengwa kwintengiso ngalo naliphi na ixesha. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ukunciphisa umjikelo wokuvelisa kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zokuvelisa. luncedo. Emva kokuba ubungakanani bomthengi bunqunyiwe, amandla afunekayo kunye nokubala okungqongqo kufuneka kwenziwe kwiindawo ezifanelekileyo zokubumba ukujonga ukuba ngaba isiseko sokubumba esikhethiweyo silungile na, ngakumbi kwizibumba ezinkulu. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi.

Inyathelo 7: Uyilo lwenkqubo yokulinganisa

Uyilo lwenkqubo yesango lubandakanya ukhetho lwembaleki ephambili kunye nokuzimisela kwimo yecandelo lomnqamlezo kunye nobungakanani bembaleki. Ukuba kusetyenziswa isango lendawo, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba iimbaleki ziyawa, ingqalelo kufuneka ihlawulwe kuyilo lwesixhobo esivela kwisango. Xa uyila inkqubo yokutshixiza, inyathelo lokuqala kukukhetha indawo yesango. Ukhetho olufanelekileyo lwendawo yesango luya kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umgangatho wemveliso kunye nokuba inkqubo yenaliti ingaqhubeka ngokutyibilikayo. Ukukhethwa kwendawo yesango kufuneka kulandele le migaqo ilandelayo:

1. Indawo ekuma kuyo isango kufuneka ikhethwe kangangoko kumhlaba owahluliweyo ukulungiselela ukuqhubekeka komngundo kunye nokucocwa kwesango.

2. Umgama phakathi kwendawo yokuma kwamasango kunye neendawo ezahlukileyo zomngxunya kufuneka ungaguquguquki kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kwaye inkqubo kufuneka ibeyeyona imfutshane (ngokubanzi kunzima ukufezekisa umlomo omkhulu).

3. Indawo ekuma kuyo isango kufuneka iqinisekise ukuba xa iplastikhi itofelwe emqolombeni, ijongene nendawo ebanzi kunye neendonga ezixineneyo emqolombeni ukulungiselela ukungena kweplastiki.

4. Thintela iplastikhi ekubeni ingxamele ngqo kudonga lomqolomba, isiseko okanye ukufaka xa ingena emqolombeni, ukuze iplastiki ikwazi ukungena kuwo onke amalungu omngxuma ngokukhawuleza, kwaye kuthintele ukushenxiswa kombindi okanye ukufakwa.

5. Zama ukunqanda ukuveliswa kwamanqaku e-weld kwimveliso. Ukuba kunyanzelekile, yenza amanqaku onyibilikayo avele kwinxalenye engabalulekanga yemveliso.

6. Indawo yokuma kwesango kunye nolwalathiso lwenaliti yeplastikhi kufuneka ukuba iplastikhi ikwazi ukuhamba ngokulinganayo kwicala elilinganayo lomngxunya xa itofwe emqolombeni, kwaye ikulungele ukukhutshwa kwerhasi esemqolombeni.

7. Isango kufuneka lenziwe kwelona candelo lilula lemveliso ukuba lisuswe, kwaye ukubonakala kwemveliso akufuneki kuchaphazele kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

Inyathelo 8: Uyilo lwenkqubo ye-ejector

Iifom zokukhutshwa kweemveliso zinokwahlulahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezintathu: ukukhutshwa ngoomatshini, ukukhutshwa kwe-hydraulic, kunye nokukhutshwa kwomoya. Ukukhutshwa koomatshini likhonkco lokugqibela kwinkqubo yokubumba yenaliti. Umgangatho wokukhutshwa uya kugqiba umgangatho wemveliso. Ke ngoko, ukukhutshwa kwemveliso akunakuhoywa. Le migaqo ilandelayo kufuneka iqatshelwe xa kuyilwa inkqubo ye-ejector:

1. Ukuthintela imveliso ukuba ingakhubazeki ngenxa yokukhutshwa, indawo ekujoliswe kuyo kufuneka ibe kufutshane kangangoko kumbindi okanye kwinxalenye ekunzima ukuyidiliza, efana nesilinda evaliweyo engenanto kwimveliso, ekhutshwa ikakhulu umbhobho wokutyhala. Ulungelelwaniso lweendawo zoxinzelelo kufuneka lilinganiswe kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

2. Indawo yokugxumeka kufuneka isebenze kwinxalenye apho imveliso inokumelana namandla amakhulu kunye nenxalenye ngokuqina okuhle, okufana neembambo, iiflanges, kunye nodonga lweemveliso zohlobo lweqokobhe.

3. Zama ukuyiphepha indawo apho ufuna ukuyifaka khona ukuze unciphise imveliso. Umzekelo, iimveliso ezimile okweqokobhe kunye neemveliso zezilinda ubukhulu becala zikhutshwa ziipleyiti zokutyhala.

4. Zama ukunqanda umkhondo wokukhutshwa ngaphandle kokuchaphazela ukubonakala kwemveliso. Isixhobo sokukhupha isixhobo kufuneka sibekwe kwindawo efihliweyo okanye engahombisiyo yemveliso. Kwiimveliso eziselubala, ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe ekukhetheni indawo yokuma kunye nefomu yokukhutshwa.

5.Ukuze wenze imveliso yamandla ngexesha lokukhutshwa, kwaye uthintele ukuvela kwemveliso ngenxa ye-adsorption ye-vacuum, i-ejection edityanisiweyo okanye iinkqubo ezikhethekileyo zokukhupha izixhobo zihlala zisetyenziswa, njengokutyhala intonga, ipleyiti yokutyhala okanye intonga yokutyhala, kunye ne-tube yokutyhala i-Ejector edityanisiweyo, okanye sebenzisa intonga yokutyhala yomoya, ibhlokhi yokutyhala kunye nezinye izixhobo zokubeka, ukuba kukho imfuneko, kufuneka kubekwe ivalve yomoya.

Inyathelo 9: Uyilo lwenkqubo yokupholisa

Uyilo lwenkqubo yokupholisa ngumsebenzi odinisayo, kunye nefuthe lokupholisa, ukufana kokupholisa kunye nefuthe lenkqubo yokupholisa kulwakhiwo jikelele lwesikhunta kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo. Uyilo lwenkqubo yokupholisa kubandakanya oku kulandelayo:

1. Ukucwangciswa kwenkqubo yokupholisa kunye nefom ekhethekileyo yenkqubo yokupholisa.

2. Ukuchongwa kwendawo ethile kunye nobungakanani benkqubo yokupholisa.

3. Ukupholisa kwamalungu aphambili njengokuhambisa imodeli engundoqo okanye ukufaka.

4. Ukupholisa kwesilayidi esecaleni kunye nesiseko sesilayidi esecaleni.

5. Uyilo lwezinto zokupholisa kunye nokukhethwa kwezinto ezipholileyo eziqhelekileyo.

6. Uyilo lwesakhiwo sokutywina.

Inyathelo leshumi:

Isixhobo esikhokelayo kwifom yeplastikhi yenaliti ichongiwe xa kusetyenziswa isiseko sokubumba esisemgangathweni. Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, abayili kufuneka bakhethe kuphela ngokwemigaqo yesiseko sokubumba. Nangona kunjalo, xa izixhobo zesikhokelo ezichanekileyo kufuneka zibekwe ngokweemfuno zemveliso, umyili kufuneka enze uyilo oluthile ngokusekwe kubume besikhunta. Isikhokelo ngokubanzi sahlulwe: isikhokelo phakathi kokuhambisa kunye nokubumba okungagungqiyo; isikhokelo phakathi kweplate yokutyhala kunye nembasa esisigxina yentonga yokutyhala; isikhokelo phakathi kwentonga yepleyiti yokutyhala kunye netemplate ehambisekayo; isikhokelo phakathi kwesiseko sokubumba esisigxina kunye nenguqulelo yompu. Ngokubanzi, ngenxa yokuthintelwa kokuchaneka koomatshini okanye ukusetyenziswa kwexesha, ukuchaneka kokuthelekiswa kwesixhobo sesikhokelo ngokubanzi kuya kuncitshiswa, okuya kuthi kuchaphazele ngokuthe ngqo ukuchaneka kwemveliso. Ke ngoko, icandelo lokubeka ngokuchanekileyo kufuneka liyile ngokwahlukileyo kwiimveliso ezineemfuno ezichanekileyo eziphezulu. Eminye ibekwe emgangathweni, njengee-cones. Izikhonkwane zokubekwa, iibhloko zokubekwa, njl njl ziyafumaneka ekukhetheni, kodwa ezinye izikhombisi ezichanekileyo kunye nezixhobo zokubeka kufuneka zenziwe ngokukodwa ngokwendlela ethile yemodyuli.

Inyathelo 11: Ukukhethwa kwesinyithi sokubumba

Ukukhethwa kwezinto zokwenziwa kweenxalenye zomngundo (isinqe, isiseko) ikakhulu kumiselwe ngokobungakanani bebhetshi yemveliso nohlobo lweplastiki. Ukukhanya okuphezulu okanye iimveliso eziselubala, i-4Cr13 kunye nezinye iintlobo zensimbi ye-martensitic enganyangekiyo enganyangekiyo okanye isinyithi esomeleza ubudala zisetyenziswa ikakhulu. Iimveliso zeplastiki ezinokuqiniswa kweglasi yefayibha, i-Cr12MoV kunye nezinye iintlobo zentsimbi eyomeleleyo kunye nokumelana nokunxiba okuphezulu kufuneka kusetyenziswe. Xa umbandela wemveliso uyi-PVC, i-POM okanye iqulethe idangatye, kufuneka kukhethwe intsimbi enganyangekiyo.

Amanyathelo alishumi elinambini: Zoba umzobo wendibano

Emva kokusekwa kwesiseko sokubumba kunye nomxholo onxulumene noko uzimisele, umzobo webandla unokutsalwa. Kwinkqubo yokuzoba imizobo yendibano, inkqubo ekhethiweyo yokuthulula, inkqubo yokupholisa, inkqubo yokutsala engundoqo, inkqubo yokukhutshwa, njl njl. Ziye zalungelelaniswa zaphuculwa ukufezekisa uyilo olugqibeleleyo kulwakhiwo.

Inyathelo leshumi elinesithathu: ukuzoba ezona ndawo ziphambili zokubumba

Xa uzobe umngxunya okanye isazobe esingundoqo, kuyafuneka ukuba uqwalasele ukuba ubungakanani obunikiweyo bokubumba, ukunyamezelana kunye nokuthambeka okudilikayo kuyahambelana, nokuba ingaba uyilo luyangqinelana nesiseko sokuyilwa kwemveliso. Kwangelo xesha, ukuveliswa kwendawo kunye nomxholo ngexesha lokulungiswa kunye neempawu zoomatshini kunye nokuthembeka ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo. Xa kuzotywa ulwakhiwo lwenxalenye yolwakhiwo, xa kusetyenziswa ifomathi esemgangathweni, iinxalenye zolwakhiwo ngaphandle komgangatho wefomwork ziyatsalwa, kwaye uninzi lwamacandelo ezakhiwo anokuzoba.

Inyathelo 14: Ukuvavanywa kwakhona kwemizobo yoyilo

Emva kokuba uyilo lokuzoba ukungunda lugqityiwe, umyili wokungunda uya kungenisa umzobo woyilo kunye nezinto ezinxulumene nazo zomphathi kwisuphavayiza zokufunda.

Isivavanyisi kufuneka sifunde ngokuchanekileyo inkqubo yonke, ukusebenza komgaqo, kunye nokusebenza kokungunda ngokwesiseko esifanelekileyo esibonelelwe ngumthengi kunye neemfuno zomthengi.

Inyathelo 15: Ukusekwa kwakhona kwemizobo yoyilo

Emva kokuba umzobo wokuyila ugqityiwe, kufuneka ungeniswe kwangoko kumthengi ukuze wamkelwe. Kuphela emva kokuba umthengi evumile, ukungunda kungalungiswa kwaye kubekwe kwimveliso. Xa umthengi enezimvo ezinkulu kwaye kufuneka enze iinguqu ezinkulu, kufuneka ziphinde zenziwe ngokutsha kwaye zinikezelwe kumthengi ukuze zamkelwe de umthengi aneliseke.

Inyathelo 16:

Inkqubo zeemoto idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni umgangatho yokubumba imveliso. Iindlela zeemoto zezi zilandelayo:

1. Sebenzisa indawo yokudlala. Indawo yokukhupha amanzi ibekwe kwindawo yokugqibela yomngxunya oza kuzaliswa. Ubunzulu beprove groove buyahlukahluka ngeeplastikhi ezahlukeneyo, kwaye ngokusisiseko kugqitywe kukususwa okuphezulu okuvunyelweyo xa iplastiki ingavelisi kukhanya.

2.Sebenzisa isikhewu sokudibanisa ii-cores, ukufaka, ukutyhala iintonga, njl njl okanye iiplagi ezikhethekileyo zokukhupha.

3. Ngamanye amaxesha ukuthintela ukususwa kwe-vacuum yokusebenza-kwenkqubo ebangelwa sisiganeko esiphezulu, kuyimfuneko ukuyila i-insert yokufaka.

Isiphelo: Ngokusekwe kwezi nkqubo zingasentla zokuyila ukungunda, eminye imixholo inokudityaniswa kwaye iqwalaselwe, kwaye ezinye iziqulatho kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ziphindaphindwe. Kuba izinto zihlala ziphikisana, kufuneka siqhubeke nokubonisa kunye nokudibana kunye nenkqubo yoyilo ukufumana unyango olungcono, ngakumbi umxholo obandakanya ulwakhiwo lwesikhunta, kufuneka siyithathe ngokungathí sina, kwaye siqwalasele izicwangciso ezininzi ngaxeshanye . Olu lwakhiwo luluhlu lwezinto eziluncedo kunye nezinto ezingalunganga kwicandelo ngalinye kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kwaye lihlalutya kwaye zilungelelanise nganye nganye. Izizathu zokwakha ziya kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukwenziwa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwesikhunta, kwaye iziphumo ezibi zinokubangela ukuba konke ukungunda kubhuqwe. Ke ngoko, uyilo lwesikhunta linyathelo eliphambili lokuqinisekisa umgangatho wokungunda, kunye nenkqubo yoyilo lobunjineli obucwangcisiweyo.