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1.Properties of PVC
PVC's main ingredients of PVC, bright color, corrosion resistance, strong and durable, because in the manufacturing process added plasticizer, anti-aging agent and other toxic auxiliary materials to enhance its heat resistance, toughness, ductility, so its products generally do not store food and medicine.
In both chemical and physical properties, PVC is one of the most widely used plastic materials on rigidity. PVC material is an amorphous material. In practice, stabilizer, lubricant, auxiliary processing agent, color material, impact resistance agent and other additives.
PVC material has non-flammability, high strength, resistance to climate variability and excellent geometric stability. It is resistant to oxidizing agents, reducing agents and strong acids. However, it can be corroded by concentrated oxidizing acids such as sulfuric acid and nitric acid and is not suitable for contact with aromatic odors or chlorinated hydrocarbons.
PVC melting temperature is a very important process parameter in processing, if this parameter is not appropriate will lead to the problem of material decomposition. The flow characteristics of PVC are quite poor and the process range is very narrow. In particular, high molecular weight PVC materials are more difficult to process (this material usually needs to add lubricants to improve flow characteristics), so small molecular weight PVC materials are usually used. The shrinkage rate of PVC is very low, generally 0.2~0.6%.
2.Various applications of PVC
① PVC profiles
Profile is the field with the largest consumption of PVC in our country, account for 25% of total consumption of PVC about, mainly used at making doors and Windows and energy saving materials, at present its application still has relatively large growth inside the national scope. In developed countries, plastic doors and Windows market share is also the top, such as Germany for 50%, France for 56%, the United States for 45%.
② PVC tubes
Among many PVC products, PVC pipeline is the second largest consumption area, accounting for about 20% of its consumption. In Our country, polyvinyl chloride pipe than PE pipe and PP pipe development earlier, variety, good performance, wide range of use, occupy an important position in the market.
③ PVC films
PVC film field of PVC consumption ranked third, accounting for about 10%. PVC and additives mixed, plasticized, the use of three or four roller calendering mechanism into a specified thickness of transparent or colored film, with this method of processing film, become calendered film. Can also be cut, thermal processing packaging bags, raincoats, tablecloths, curtains, inflatable toys, etc.
Wide transparent film can be used for greenhouse, plastic greenhouse and mulch. The bidirectional stretching of the film, the characteristics of heat shrinkage, can be used for shrink packaging.
④ PVC hard materials and sheets
Adding stabilizer, lubricant and filler to PVC, after mixing, with the extruder can be extruded a variety of caliber of hard pipe, special-shaped pipe, bellows, used as water pipe, water pipe, wire casing or stair handrail. The calendered sheet overlaps hot pressing, can be made into a variety of thickness of the hard plate. The sheets can be cut into the desired shape and then welded with hot air using PVC electrodes into various chemical-resistant storage tanks,air duct and container, etc.
⑤PVC generally soft materials
The extruder can be squeezed into hoses, cables, wires, etc. Using injection molding machine with a variety of molds, can be made into plastic sandals, soles, slippers, toys, auto parts, etc.
⑥ PVC packaging materials
PVC products used for packaging mainly for various containers, films and hard pieces. PVC container mainly produces PTP packaging of mineral water, beverage, cosmetic packaging bottles, medicines, and also used for refined oil packaging. PVC film can be used in co-extrusion with other polymers to produce low cost laminates, as well as transparent products with good barrier properties. PVC film can also be used in stretch or heat shrink packaging, used for packaging mattresses, cloth, toys and industrial goods.
⑦PVC siding and flooring
PVC wainscoting is primarily used to replace aluminum wainscoting. PVC floor tiles in addition to a part of PVC resin, the rest of the components are recycled materials, adhesives, fillers and other components, mainly used in airport terminal building ground and other places on the hard ground.
⑧ PVC consumer goods
Duffel bags are traditional products made from PVC processing. PVC is used to make all kinds of imitation leather, used in duffel bags, sports products such as basketball, football and rugby. It can also be used to make belts for uniforms and special protective equipment. PVC fabrics for clothing, such as ponchos, baby pants, imitation leather jackets and various wellies, are generally absorbent fabrics (no coating is required). PVC is used in many sports entertainment products, such as toys, records and sports goods. At present, the growth of PVC toys is large. Because of the low production cost of PVC toys and sports goods, they are easy to form and have an advantage.